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- Henricson, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Avoidance of dermal exposure to preservatives by packaging
- 2010
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY, vol 62, issue 6, pp 802-802. - : Pharmaceutical Press. ; , s. 802-802
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dermal exposure to chemicals in cosmetics and hygiene products (e.g. moisturising creams, soaps, shampoos) is increasingly recognized as an important area for risk assessment and regulation. The contents of such products is regulated by classification of exposure types (e.g. stay on/wash off) and regulatory concepts based on toxicological studies and manufacturing or market experience. Positive lists, negative lists or establishment of recommendations on concentration and exposure form a basis for consumer safety. Common problem areas are perfumes, preservatives and the formation of oxidation products after manufacture. A new patented system, suitable for packages from 100 ml to 5 l, with collapsible plastic bags and unique dosage valves prevents bacteria and air from entering the packaging. Thus the use of preservatives can be avoided. This may lead to a reduced risk of individual reactions to specific preservatives as well as cross-allergy reactions. The consumer no longer needs to hunt for strange names on small ingredient labels. Also, it could prevent the prospective development of allergy. The avoidance of oxidation products is another advantage.
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| 3. |
- Postmus, Douwe, et al.
(författare)
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The COACH risk engine : a multistate model for predicting survival and hospitalization in patients with heart failure
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Heart Failure. - : Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy B. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 14:2, s. 168-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Several models for predicting the prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients have been developed, but all of them focus on a single outcome variable, such as all-cause mortality. The purpose of this study was to develop a multistate model for simultaneously predicting survival and HF-related hospitalization in patients discharged alive from hospital after recovery from acute HF. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods and results The model was derived in the COACH (Coordinating Study Evaluating Outcomes of Advising and Counseling in Heart Failure) cohort, a multicentre, randomized controlled trial in which 1023 patients were enrolled after hospitalization because of HF. External validation was attained with the FINN-AKVA (Finish Acute Heart Failure Study) cohort, a prospective, multicentre study with 620 patients hospitalized due to acute HF. The observed vs. predicted 18-month survival was 72.1% vs. 72.3% in the derivation cohort and 71.4% vs. 71.2% in the validation cohort. The corresponding values of the c statistic were 0.733 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.705-0.761] and 0.702 (95% CI 0.663-0.744), respectively. The models accuracy in predicting HF hospitalization was excellent, with predicted values that closely resembled the values observed in the derivation cohort. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusion The COACH risk engine accurately predicted survival and various measures of recurrent hospitalization in (acute) HF patients. It may therefore become a valuable tool in improving and personalizing patient care and optimizing the use of scarce healthcare resources.
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