| 1. |
- Han, Young Joo, et al.
(författare)
-
Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Theranostics. - : IVYSPRING INT PUBL. - 1838-7640. ; 11:3, s. 1207-1231
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and poses a threat to humanity. However, no specific therapy has been established for this disease yet. We conducted a systematic review to highlight therapeutic agents that might be effective in treating COVID-19. Methods: We searched Medline, Medrxiv.org, and reference lists of relevant publications to identify articles of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies on treatments for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19 published in English until the last update on October 11, 2020. Results: We included 36 studies on SARS, 30 studies on MERS, and 10 meta-analyses on SARS and MERS in this study. Through 12,200 title and 830 full-text screenings for COVID-19, eight in vitro studies, 46 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on 6,886 patients, and 29 meta-analyses were obtained and investigated. There was no therapeutic agent that consistently resulted in positive outcomes across SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Remdesivir showed a therapeutic effect for COVID-19 in two RCTs involving the largest number of total participants (n = 1,461). Other therapies that showed an effect in at least two RCTs for COVID-19 were sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (n = 114), colchicine (n = 140), IFN-beta 1b (n = 193), and convalescent plasma therapy (n = 126). Conclusions: This review provides information to help establish treatment and research directions for COVID-19 based on currently available evidence. Further RCTs are required.
|
|
| 2. |
- Anbäcken, Els-Marie, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
-
Older adults and care: reshaped family roles in societal change : A comparative study of Japan, South Korea, and Sweden
- 2021. - 1
-
Ingår i: Aging and the Family. - Bingley, UK : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781800714915 - 9781800714908 ; , s. 1-38
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim is to explore how family relations are affected by societalchanges in relation to informal and formal caregiving and self-determinationof older adults.Design/methodology/approach: Care managers (CMs)/social workers (SWs)(N = 124) participated in a comparative vignette study including Japan, SouthKorea, and Sweden. Systems theory was used.Findings: Japanese CMs/SWs clearly describe their efforts to create networksin a relational way between formal and informal actors in the community. SouthKorean CMs/SWs balance between suggesting interventions to support dailylife at home or a move to a nursing home, often acknowledging the family as themain caregiver. In Sweden, CMs/SWs highlight the juridical element in meetingthe older adult and the interventions offered, and families primarily give socialsupport. Regarding self-determination, the Japanese priority is for CMs/SWsto harmonize within the family and the community. South Korean CMs/SWsexpress ambivalent attitudes to older adults’ capability for self-determination inthe intersection between formal and family care. Swedish CMs/SWs adhere tothe older adult’s self-determination, while acknowledging the role of the familyin persuading the older adult to accept interventions. The results suggest emergingdefamilialization in South Korea, while tendencies to refamilialization arenoticed in Japan and Sweden, albeit in different ways.Research limitations/implications: In translation, nuances may be lost. Afocus on changing families shows that country-specific details in care serviceshave been reduced. For future research, perspectives of “care” need to be studiedon different levels.Originality/value: Using one vignette in three countries with different welfareregimes, discussing changing views on families’, communities’ and societal caregivingis unique. This captures changes in policy, influencing re- and defamilialization.
|
|
