| 1. |
- Andreasson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Plant extracts comprising at least a phenolic compound, for inducing the natural defence of a plant against a pathogen, such as phytophthora infestans
- 2015
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Patent (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A sugar beet extract (SBE) induced defense in potato plants under green-house conditions and in field trial, without apparent toxicity for the plant. Treatment with SBE resulted in significant reduction of the size of Phytophthora infestans infection lesions and lower sporangia production. SBE had no apparent toxic effect, neither on the hyphal growth of the pathogennor on the germination of sporangia. SBE triggered PR-1 protein induction which suggests that the defense mechanism conferred by SBE could be via direct induced resistance. An array of phenolic metabolites and minerals was found in the SBE and constitutes potential inducers of the defense.
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| 2. |
- Andreasson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Plant extracts comprising at least a phenolic compound, for inducing the natural defense of a plant against a pathogen, such as Phytophthora infestans
- 2017
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Patent (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A sugar beet extract (SBE) induced defense in potato plants under green-house conditions and in field trial, without apparent toxicity for the plant. Treatment with SBE resulted in significant reduction of the size of Phytophthora infestans infection lesions and lower sporangia production. SBE had no apparent toxic effect, neither on the hyphal growth of the pathogennor on the germination of sporangia. SBE triggered PR-1 protein induction which suggests that the defense mechanism conferred by SBE could be via direct induced resistance. An array of phenolic metabolites and minerals was found in the SBE and constitutes potential inducers of the defense.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Burra, Dharani, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative membrane-associated proteomics of three different immune reactions in potato
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 19:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plants have evolved different types of immune reactions but large-scale proteomics about these processes are lacking, especially in the case of agriculturally important crop pathosystems. We have established a system for investigating PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and two different effector-triggered immunity (ETI; triggered by Avr2 or IpiO) responses in potato. The ETI responses are triggered by molecules from the agriculturally important Phytophthora infestans interaction. To perform large-scale membrane protein-based comparison of these responses, we established a method to extract proteins from subcellular compartments in leaves. In the membrane fractions that were subjected to quantitative proteomics analysis, we found that most proteins regulated during PTI were also regulated in the same way in ETI. Proteins related to photosynthesis had lower abundance, while proteins related to oxidative and biotic stress, as well as those related to general antimicrobial defense and cell wall degradation, were found to be higher in abundance. On the other hand, we identified a few proteins—for instance, an ABC transporter-like protein—that were only found in the PTI reaction. Furthermore, we also identified proteins that were regulated only in ETI interactions. These included proteins related to GTP binding and heterotrimeric G-protein signaling, as well as those related to phospholipase signaling.
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| 5. |
- Lenman, Marit, et al.
(författare)
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Effector-driven marker development and cloning of resistance genes against Phytophthora infestans in potato breeding clone SW93-1015
- 2016
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Ingår i: TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0040-5752 .- 1432-2242. ; 129, s. 105-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phytophthora infestans is one of the most devastating plant pathogens worldwide. We have earlier found that the SW93-1015 potato breeding clone has an efficient resistance against P. infestans under field conditions in Sweden, which has an unusually high local diversity of the pathogen. This potato clone has characteristics that are different from classical R-gene-mediated resistance such as elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under controlled conditions. Analysis of 76 F1 potato progenies from two individual crosses resulted in nearly 50 % resistant clones, from both crosses. This result suggests that the SW93-1015 clone has a simplex genotype for this trait. Screening with over 50 different P. infestans effectors, containing the conserved motif RXLR (for Arg, any amino acid, Leu, Arg), revealed a specific response to Avr2, which suggests that SW93-1015 might contain a functional homolog of the R2 resistance gene. We cloned eight R2 gene homologs from SW93-1015, whereof seven have not been described before and one gene encoded a protein identical to Rpi-ABPT. Expression of this gene in potato cultivar D,sir,e provided R2-specific resistance, whereas other homologues did not. Using RNAseq analyses we designed a new DNA marker for the R2 resistance in SW93-1015. In summary, we have demonstrated the use of effector screening in practical breeding material and revealed the key resistance mechanism for SW93-1015.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Resjö, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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Proteomics of PTI and Two ETI Immune Reactions in Potato Leaves
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067 .- 1661-6596. ; 20:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plants have a variety of ways to defend themselves against pathogens. A commonly used model of the plant immune system is divided into a general response triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and a specific response triggered by effectors. The first type of response is known as PAMP triggered immunity (PTI), and the second is known as effector-triggered immunity (ETI). To obtain better insight into changes of protein abundance in immunity reactions, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of a PTI and two different ETI models (relating to Phytophthora infestans) in potato. Several proteins showed higher abundance in all immune reactions, such as a protein annotated as sterol carrier protein 2 that could be interesting since Phytophthora species are sterol auxotrophs. RNA binding proteins also showed altered abundance in the different immune reactions. Furthermore, we identified some PTI-specific changes of protein abundance, such as for example, a glyoxysomal fatty acid beta-oxidation multifunctional protein and a MAR-binding protein. Interestingly, a lysine histone demethylase was decreased in PTI, and that prompted us to also analyze protein methylation in our datasets. The proteins upregulated explicitly in ETI included several catalases. Few proteins were regulated in only one of the ETI interactions. For example, histones were only downregulated in the ETI-Avr2 interaction, and a putative multiprotein bridging factor was only upregulated in the ETI-IpiO interaction. One example of a methylated protein that increased in the ETI interactions was a serine hydroxymethyltransferase.
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| 8. |
- Schopper, Simone, et al.
(författare)
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Arabidopsis cytosolic alpha-glycan phosphorylase, PHS2, is important during carbohydrate imbalanced conditions.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Plant Biology. - : Wiley. - 1438-8677 .- 1435-8603. ; 17:1, s. 74-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arabidopsis thaliana has two isoforms of alpha-glycan phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1), one residing in the plastid and the other in the cytosol. The cytosolic phosphorylase, PHS2, acts on soluble heteroglycans that constitute a part of the carbohydrate pool in a plant. This study aimed to define a physiological role for PHS2. Under standard growth conditions phs2 knock-out mutants do not show any clear growth phenotype, and we hypothesised that during low-light conditions where carbohydrate imbalance is perturbed, this enzyme is important. Soil-grown phs2 mutant plants developed leaf lesions when placed in very low light. Analysis of soluble heteroglycan (SHG) levels showed that the amount of glucose residues in SHG was higher in the phs2 mutant compared to wild-type plants. Furthermore, a standard senescence assay from soil-grown phs2 mutant plants showed that leaves senesced significantly faster in darkness than the wild-type leaves. We also found decreased hypocotyl extension in in vitro-grown phs2 mutant seedlings when grown for long time in darkness at 6 °C. We conclude that PHS2 activity is important in the adult stage during low-light conditions and senescence, as well as during prolonged seedling development when carbohydrate levels are unbalanced.
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| 9. |
- Walter, Abigail, et al.
(författare)
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RNA seq analysis of potato cyst nematode interactions with resistant and susceptible potato roots
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Plant Pathology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0929-1873 .- 1573-8469. ; 152, s. 531-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are important pests in crop production, especially since they persist in the soil and may affect further potato production for many years. Little is known about putative resistance and susceptibility targets as well as the general signaling in potato after interactions with PCN. Here we characterize a new potato breeding clone, SW-1015, found to harbor resistance to Globodera rostochiensis pathotype Ro1/4, the main PCN pathotype present in Sweden. SW-1015 contains the H1 resistance gene. We then describe susceptible and resistant reactions of potato infested by G. rostochiensis Ro1/4 in a global potato RNA-seq analysis. Only the resistant clone reacted to PCN infection quickly (8 hpi), and the reaction included up-regulation of a TSRF1 transcription factor. 48h after PCN infection, massive RNA reprograming was evident in both resistant and susceptible clones. In the resistant interaction, several genes were up-regulated including germins and a cysteine protease, as well as a laccase. In contrast, the susceptible interaction involved up-regulation of genes for auxin transport and homeobox binding. Enriched GO terms for kinase activity, calmodulin, and Ca2+ ion binding in susceptible potato might reflect the initiation of nematode feeding structures. A TIR receptor like protein member was induced in the susceptible interaction only, making this a putative susceptibility factor. The RNA data is deposited at ArrayExpress with the number E-MTAB-5215.
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| 10. |
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