| 1. |
- Podolyák, Zs, et al.
(författare)
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Neutron-deficient N≈126 Nuclei Produced in 238U Fragmentation : Population of High-spin States
- 2006
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics, and Reactions - FINUSTAR. - : AIP. - 0735403236 - 9780735403239 ; 831, s. 114-118
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a 238U beam has been measured. For states with high angular momentum, I=17 and I=21.5, a higher population than expected has been observed, with the discrepancy increasing with angular momentum. By considering two sources for the angular momentum, related to single-particle and collective motions, a much improved description of the experimental results can be obtained. In addition, new results on the structure of 208Fr, 211Ra and 216Ac are reported.
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| 2. |
- Wollersheim, HJ, et al.
(författare)
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Rare ISotopes INvestigation at GSI (RISING) Using Gamma-ray Spectroscopy at Relativistic Energies
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 537:3, s. 637-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rare ISotopes INvestigation at GSI project combines the former EUROBALL Ge-Cluster detectors, the MINIBALL Ge detectors, BaF2--HECTOR detectors, and the fragment separator at GSI for high-resolution in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements with radioactive beams. These secondary beams produced at relativistic energies are used for Coulomb excitation or secondary fragmentation experiments in order to explore the nuclear structure of the projectiles or projectile like nuclei by measuring de-excitation photons. The newly designed detector array is described and the performance characteristics are given. Moreover, particularities of the experimental technique are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Podolyak, Z, et al.
(författare)
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High Angular Momentum States Populated in Fragmentation Reactions
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 632:2-3, s. 203-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The population of metastable states produced in relativistic-energy fragmentation of a U-238 beam has been measured. For states with angular momentum greater than or similar to 20h, a much higher population than expected has been observed. By introducing a collective component to the generation of angular momentum the experimental data can be understood. This is the first time that a collective degree of freedom has be shown to play a major role in such high-energy collisions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Fluctuation of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression in the early manifest glaucoma trial.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ophthalmology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1549-4713 .- 0161-6420. ; 114:2, s. 205-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate whether increased fluctuation of intraocular pressure (IOP) is an independent factor for glaucoma progression. Design: A cohort of patients was followed up in a randomized clinical trial. Participants: Two hundred fifty-five glaucoma patients from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial (EMGT; 129 treated and 126 control patients). Methods: Study visits, conducted every 3 months, included ophthalmologic examinations, IOP measurements, and standard automated perimetry, with fundus photography every 6 months. Intraocular pressure values were included only until the time of progression in those eyes that showed such progression. Individual mean follow-up IOP and IOP fluctuation, calculated as the standard deviation of IOP at applicable visits, were the variables of main interest. Cox regression with time-dependent variables was used to evaluate the association between IOP fluctuation and time to progression, both with and without IOP mean in the models. These analyses also controlled for other significant variables. Main Outcome Measures: Glaucoma progression, as defined by a predetermined visual field criterion, worsening of the disk, assessed by an independent disc reading center, or both. Results: Median follow-up time was 8 years (range, 0.1-11.1 years). Sixty-eight percent of the patients progressed. When considering mean follow-up IOP and IOP fluctuation in the same time-dependent model, mean IOP was a significant risk factor for progression. The hazard ratio (HR) was 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.17; P < 0.0001). Intraocular pressure fluctuation was not related to progression, with an HR of 1.00 (95% Cl, 0.81-1.24; P = 0.999). Conclusions: These results confirm our earlier finding that elevated IOP is a strong factor for glaucoma progression, with the HR increasing by 11% for every 1 mmHg of higher IOP. Intraocular pressure fluctuation was not an independent factor in our analyses, a finding that conflicts with some earlier reports. One explanation for the discrepancy is that our analyses did not include postprogression IOP values, which would be biased toward larger fluctuations because of more intensive treatment. In contrast, in this EMGT report, no changes in patient management occurred during the period analyzed.
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| 5. |
- Heijl, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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A Comparison of Visual Field Progression Criteria of 3 Major Glaucoma Trials in Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial Patients.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ophthalmology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1549-4713 .- 0161-6420. ; 115, s. 1557-1565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Three major glaucoma trials, all using the same Humphrey visual field tests, specified different criteria to define visual field progression. This article compares the performance of these criteria with a reference standard of unanimous classifications by 3 independent glaucoma experts. DESIGN: Longitudinal, comparative study of diagnostic criteria. PARTICIPANTS AND CONTROLS: Two hundred forty-five patients with manifest glaucoma in the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial (EMGT). METHODS: Visual field series of 1 eye of each of 245 EMGT patients were classified by 3 independent glaucoma specialists as definitely progressing, definitely nonprogressing, or neither. Field series that were classified in the first 2 categories by all 3 experts met the reference standards for the progressing and nonprogressing groups and were analyzed according to the progression criteria of the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study (AGIS), the Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study (CIGTS), and the EMGT. Sensitivity, specificity, time to progression, and sustainability were calculated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Progression, nonprogression, sensitivity, specificity, time to progression, and sustainability. RESULTS: Seventy-seven field series were definitely progressing, and 95 series were definitely nonprogressing. Among progressing eyes, 45 (58%) of 77 were identified using AGIS criteria, 58 (75%) of 77 were identified with CIGTS criteria, and 74 (96%) of 77 were identified with EMGT criteria; all comparisons of sensitivities were significant, simultaneous (P<0.001), and pairwise (P<0.01). The specificity for EMGT criteria was 89%, lower (P<0.05) than that of AGIS (98%) and CIGTS (99%) criteria. Median time to progression was considerably shorter with EMGT criteria (33 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 30-36 months) than with AGIS (66 months; 95% CI, 57-78 months) and CIGTS (55 months; 95% CI, 48-66 months) criteria. Sustainability increased with time after progression; it averaged 79%, 84%, and 81%, respectively, for AGIS, CIGTS, and EMGT criteria during the first year after the first progression and 95%, 100%, and 93% during the fourth year after progression. CONCLUSIONS: The EMGT criteria identified progression earlier and more often than AGIS and CIGTS criteria. Specificity was good for all criteria but was better with AGIS and CIGTS than with EMGT criteria. Sustainability was high for all 3 sets of criteria and best for CIGTS criteria and increased with time after progression.
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