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- Augutis, M, et al.
(författare)
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Pediatric spinal cord injury in a subset of European countries.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Spinal Cord. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1362-4393 .- 1476-5624. ; 44:2, s. 106-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: Postal survey.SETTING: A total of 19 countries in Europe.OBJECTIVES: Firstly, to collect information about incidence and systems of care for pediatric spinal cord injury (pedSCI); including prevention, initial care and follow-up in a subset of European countries. Secondly, to initiate a network of involved professionals for exchange of information and development of research and care programs.METHODS: A short semi-structured questionnaire was sent to respondents working with spinal cord injury (SCI) in 19 countries in Europe.RESULTS: Only in Portugal and Sweden, is the incidence of pedSCI (fatal injuries included) established, that is 27 children/million children/year and 4.6 children/million children/year, respectively. For the other countries, the estimated incidence of pedSCI (nonfatal injuries) varied from 0.9 to 21.2 children/million children/year in the age group of 0-14 years. Although the incidence varies considerably, pedSCI is rare throughout Europe. The management differs between the countries depending on the age of the child and the local organization of health care.CONCLUSIONS: The survey confirms that pedSCI is rare. In order to establish high-quality standardized care, further integration of knowledge in this area is needed throughout Europe. The contacts initiated by this survey may be used to create an international network serving as a reference for health professionals, researchers and families, thereby possibly alleviating some of the unwanted variations of care identified in this study.
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- Han, Sung-Ho, et al.
(författare)
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Optical properties and electronic structures of (4CuInSe(2))(y)(CuIn5Se8)(1-y)
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 74:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spectroscopic ellipsometric measurements of thin polycrystalline (4CuInSe(2))(y)(CuIn5Se8)(1-y) films reveal that there are important differences in optical properties and electronic structures between alpha-phase CuInSe2 and Cu-poor CuInSe2. We report the optical functions of thin-film polycrystalline (4CuInSe(2))(y)(CuIn5Se8)(1-y) and describe how they change depending on the degree of Cu deficiency. We find a reduction in the absorption strength in the spectral region of 1-3 eV for Cu-poor CuInSe2. This reduction can be explained in terms of density of the Cu 3d states in CuInSe2. Cu-poor CuInSe2 samples show an increase in band gap due to reduced p-d interaction. We find that the reduction in the amplitudes of E-0(A,B,C) transitions at the Gamma point and E-1(A,B) transitions at the N point are due to Cu deficiency. Local density approximation calculations with a modeled on-site self-interaction correction of the absorption coefficients of Cu8In8Se16 (CuInSe2), Cu5In9Se16 (CuIn3Se5-like), and Cu2In10Se16 (CuIn5Se8) are in good agreement with those of thin-film polycrystalline CuInSe2 samples with 24.1, 15.6, and 9.1 at. % Cu, respectively.
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