| 1. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
|
|
| 2. |
- Zou, Huiyun, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluating Dissemination Mechanisms of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Rural Environments in China by Using CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli as an Indicator
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Microbial Drug Resistance. - : Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. - 1076-6294 .- 1931-8448. ; 25:7, s. 975-984
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is becoming increasingly recognized that the environment plays an important role both in the emergence and in dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), Mechanisms and factors facilitating this development are, however, not yet well understood. The high detection rate of CTX-M genes in environmental sources provides an opportunity to explore this issue. In this study, 88 CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli were isolated from 30 pig feces samples from 30 pig farms and 201 environmental samples. CTX-M-producing E. coli was detected with the following frequencies in the different types of samples: pig feces, 73%; river water, 64%; river sediment, 52%; wastewater, 31%; drinking water, 23%; outlet sediment, 21%; soil, 17%; and vegetables, 4.4%. Dissemination of CTX-M-producing E. coli to different environmental matrices was evaluated by analyzing the genetic relatedness of isolates from different environmental sources, and putative transmission routes through bird feces, pig feces, drinking water, river sediment, river water, and wastewater were hypothesized. Dissemination through these routes is likely facilitated by anthropogenic activities and environmental factors. Wild birds as potential vectors for dissemination of CTX-M-producing E. coli have the capacity to spread ARB across long distances. Regional dissemination between different environmental matrices of CTX-M-producing E. coli increases the exposure risk of humans and animals in the area.
|
|
| 3. |
- Chi, Xiaohui, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of Clinically Relevant Strains of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Occurring in Environmental Sources in a Rural Area of China by Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-302X. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen, and a common cause of healthcare-associated infections such as pneumonia, septicemia, and urinary tract infection. The purpose of this study was to survey the occurrence of and characterize K. pneumoniae in different environmental sources in a rural area of Shandong province, China. Two hundred and thirty-one samples from different environmental sources in 12 villages were screened for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-(ESBL)-producing K. pneumoniae, and 14 (6%) samples were positive. All isolates were multidrug-resistant and a few of them belonged to clinically relevant strains which are known to cause hospital outbreaks worldwide. Serotypes, virulence genes, serum survival, and phagocytosis survival were analyzed and the results showed the presence of virulence factors associated with highly virulent clones and a high degree of phagocytosis survivability, indicating the potential virulence of these isolates. These results emphasize the need for further studies designed to elucidate the role of the environment in transmission and dissemination of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and the potential risk posed to human and environmental health.
|
|
| 4. |
- Chi, Xiaohui, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of Clinically Relevant Strains of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Occurring in Environmental Sources in a Rural Area of China by Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-302X. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen, and a common cause of healthcare-associated infections such as pneumonia, septicemia, and urinary tract infection. The purpose of this study was to survey the occurrence of and characterize K. pneumoniae in different environmental sources in a rural area of Shandong province, China. Two hundred and thirty-one samples from different environmental sources in 12 villages were screened for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-(ESBL)-producing K. pneumoniae, and 14 (6%) samples were positive. All isolates were multidrug-resistant and a few of them belonged to clinically relevant strains which are known to cause hospital outbreaks worldwide. Serotypes, virulence genes, serum survival, and phagocytosis survival were analyzed and the results showed the presence of virulence factors associated with highly virulent clones and a high degree of phagocytosis survivability, indicating the potential virulence of these isolates. These results emphasize the need for further studies designed to elucidate the role of the environment in transmission and dissemination of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and the potential risk posed to human and environmental health.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ji, Xiang, et al.
(författare)
-
Dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 among multiple environmental sources in rural China and associated risk to human health
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 251, s. 619-627
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacteria is increasingly becoming a problem of global concern. Particularly problematic is the emergence of resistance to last-resort antibiotics such as carbapenems and colistin. The increasing number of reports on the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in isolates worldwide is raising concerns for the future usefulness of this class of antibiotics. Dissemination of mcr-1 is believed to have originated mainly from animal breeding, however, the role of the environment as a transmission source is not yet fully understood. In the current study, 89 extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from 231 samples from different environmental sources in 12 villages in a rural area of Shandong, China, were screened for mcr-1.17 (19.1%) mcr-1-positive isolates were found from different environmental sources, aggregated in 6 villages. Plasmids of three different Inc-groups carrying mcr-1 were confirmed, indicating that the widespread geographical distribution of mcr-1 in the local area is due to a number of different plasmids. Additionally, almost a third (29.4%) of the isolates carried virulence factors associated to intestinal pathogenic E. coli. These results illustrate the high complexity of the transmission patterns of mcr-1 among different environmental matrices on a local scale and the potential for the environment to facilitate dissemination and emergence of antibiotic-resistant and virulent strains of bacteria. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
