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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Li K.) srt2:(1995-1999)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Li K.) > (1995-1999)

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  • Siesjö, B K, et al. (författare)
  • Molecular mechanisms of acidosis-mediated damage
  • 1996
  • Ingår i: Acta Neurochirurgica, Supplement. - Vienna : Springer Vienna. - 0065-1419. ; 66, s. 8-14
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present article is concerned with mechanisms which are responsible for the exaggerated brain damage observed in hyperglycemic animals subjected to transient global or forebrain ischemia. Since hyperglycemia enchances the production of lactate plus H+ during ischemia, it seems likely that aggravation of damage is due to exaggerated intra- and extracellular acidosis. This contention is supported by results showing a detrimental effect of extreme hypercapnia in normoglycemic rats subjected to transient ischemia or to hypoglycemic coma. Enhanced acidosis may exaggerate ischemic damage by one of three mechanisms: (i) accelerating free radical production via H(+)-dependent reactions, some of which are catalyzed by iron released from protein bindings by a lowering of pH, (ii) by perturbing the intracellular signal transduction pathway, leading to changes in gene expression or protein synthesis, or (iii) by activating endonucleases which cause DNA fragmentation. While activation of endonucleases must affect the nucleus, the targets of free radical attack are not known. Microvessels are considered likely targets of such attack in sustained ischemia and in trauma; however, enhanced acidosis is not known to aggravate microvascular dysfunction, or to induce inflammatory responses at the endothelial-blood interface. A more likely target is the mitochondrion. Thus, if the ischemia is of long duration (30 min) hyperglycemia triggers rapidly developing mitochondrial failure. It is speculated that this is because free radicals damage components of the respiratory chain, leading to a secondary deterioration of oxidative phosphorylation.
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  • UBERLA, K, et al. (författare)
  • Animal model for the therapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with reverse transcriptase inhibitors
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424. ; 92:18, s. 8210-8214
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The reverse transcriptase (RT) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the major target for antiretroviral therapy of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). While some inhibitors exhibit activity against most retroviral RTs, others are specific for the HIV-1 enzyme. To develop an animal model for the therapy of the HIV-1 infection with RT inhibitors, the RT of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was replaced by the RT of HIV-1. Macaques infected with this SIV/HIV-1 hybrid virus developed AIDS-like symptoms and pathology. The HIV-1-specific RT inhibitor LY300046.HCl, but not zidovudine [3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT)] delayed the appearance of plasma antigenemia in macaques infected with a high dose of the chimeric virus. Infection of macaques with the chimeric virus seems to be a valuable model to study the in vivo efficacy of new RT inhibitors, the emergence and reversal of drug resistance, the therapy of infections with drug-resistant viruses, and the efficacy of combination therapy.
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