| 1. |
- Li, Yunyun, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Enhanced Microbial MeHg Production in Mining-Contaminated Paddy Soils under Sulfate Amendment : Changes in Hg Mobility or Microbial Methylators?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 53:4, s. 1844-1852
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated methylmercury (MeHg) production in mining-contaminated paddy soils, despite the high fraction of refractory HgS(s), has been frequently reported, while the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we hypothesized that sulfate input, via fertilization, rainfall, and irrigation, is critical in mobilizing refractory HgS(s) and thus enhancing Hg methylation in mining-contaminated paddy soils. To test this hypothesis, the effects of sulfate amendment on Hg methylation and MeHg bioaccumulation in mining-contaminated soil-rice systems were examined. The results indicated 28-61% higher net MeHg production in soils under sulfate amendment (50-1000 mg kg-1), which in turn increased grain MeHg levels by 22-55%. The enhancement of Hg methylation by Hg mobilization in sulfate-amended soils was supported by two observations: (1) the increased Hg(aq) release from HgS(s), the dominant Hg species in the paddy soils, in the presence of sulfide produced following sulfate reduction and (2) the decreases of refractory HgS(s) in soils under sulfate amendment. By contrast, changes in the abundances/activities of potential microbial Hg methylators in different Hg-contaminated soils were not significant following sulfate amendment. Our results highlight the importance to consider enhanced Hg mobility and thus methylation in soils under sulfate amendment.
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| 2. |
- Li, Yu-Feng, et al.
(författare)
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Organic Selenium Supplementation Increases Mercury Excretion and Decreases Oxidative Damage in Long-Term Mercury-Exposed Residents from Wanshan, China
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 46:20, s. 11313-11318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to a long history of extensive mercury mining and smelting activities, local residents in Wanshan, China, are suffering from elevated mercury exposure. The objective of the present study was to study the effects of oral supplementation with selenium-enriched yeast in these long-term mercury-exposed populations. One hundred and three volunteers from Wanshan area were recruited and 53 of them were supplemented with 100 mu g of organic selenium daily as selenium-enriched yeast while 50 of them were supplemented with the nonselenium-enriched yeast for 3 months. The effects of selenium supplementation on urinary mercury, selenium, and oxidative stress-related biomarkers including malondialdehyde and 8-ydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine were assessed. This 3-month selenium supplementation trial indicated that organic selenium supplementation could increase mercury excretion and decrease urinary malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels in local residents.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Li-Jen, et al.
(författare)
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Earth's Alfvén Wings Driven by the April 2023 Coronal Mass Ejection
- 2024
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 51:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a rare regime of Earth's magnetosphere interaction with sub-Alfvénic solar wind in which the windsock-like magnetosphere transforms into one with Alfvén wings. In the magnetic cloud of a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) on 24 April 2023, NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale mission distinguishes the following features: (a) unshocked and accelerated low-beta CME plasma coming directly against Earth's dayside magnetosphere; (b) dynamical wing filaments representing new channels of magnetic connection between the magnetosphere and foot points of the Sun's erupted flux rope; (c) cold CME ions observed with energized counter-streaming electrons, evidence of CME plasma captured due to by reconnection between magnetic-cloud and Alfvén-wing field lines. The reported measurements advance our knowledge of CME interaction with planetary magnetospheres, and open new opportunities to understand how sub-Alfv & eacute;nic plasma flows impact astrophysical bodies such as Mercury, moons of Jupiter, and exoplanets close to their host stars.
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| 4. |
- Han, Xu, et al.
(författare)
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Recent Developments on Surfactants for Enhanced Oil Recovery Neueste Entwicklungen bei Tensiden für die Enhanced Oil Recovery
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tenside, Surfactants, Detergents. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0932-3414 .- 2195-8564. ; 58:3, s. 164-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review discusses surfactants used for chemical flooding, including surfactant-polymer flooding and alkali-surfactant-polymer flooding. The review, unlike most previous reviews in the field, has a surfactant focus, not a focus on the flooding process. It deals with recent results, mainly from 2010 and onward. Older literature is referred to when needed in order to put more recent findings into a perspective.
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| 5. |
- Hong, Daocheng, et al.
(författare)
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Red-Shifted Photoluminescence from Crystal Edges Due to Carrier Redistribution and Reabsorption in Lead Triiodide Perovskites
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 123:19, s. 12521-12526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoluminescence (PL) of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskites depends strongly on sample preparation, atmosphere, crystal size, and so forth. However, the origin of these dependencies is always misunderstood because of the co-works of many different factors. Herein, we prepared hexagonal-shaped single crystals with tens of micrometers in size and observed a red-shifted PL emission (800-830 nm) mainly from the crystal edges besides the usual band-to-band transition (760 nm) from the central regions. Also, significantly different time-resolved dynamics and excitation power dependencies were observed. To summarize, we conclude that the red-shifted component comes from the depth of the crystal, where monomolecular recombination occurs involving photogenerated charges and unintentional doped charges, while the normal PL is emitted by bimolecular recombination from the surface layers. These results showed the significance of pure optical effects in perovskite crystals and would promote detailed understanding of the charge dynamics and recombination in perovskite crystalline materials of different geometries and sizes.
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| 6. |
- Luo, Biying, et al.
(författare)
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Bioactive phytochemicals and their potential roles in modulating gut microbiota
- 2023
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD RESEARCH. - : Elsevier. - 2666-1543. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dietary phytochemicals, including polyphenols, sulfur-containing compounds, terpenoids, polysaccharides, saponins, pigments, and phytohaemagglutinins, have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and cancerpreventive or therapeutic properties. Upon entering the body, these compounds pass through the stomach, liver, small intestine, and colon in that order. Bacteria play an important role in the absorption and processing of dietary phytochemicals in the small intestine and in the large intestine. However, the specific processes by which dietary phytochemicals are absorbed and metabolized in the host colon have not been elucidated. This paper describes the metabolism of phytochemicals (including polyphenols, terpenoids, and plant organosulfides) in the colon and describes the roles played by these dietary phytochemicals in the colon, with emphasis on their effects on the gut microbiota. Upon entry into the host, phytochemicals are absorbed and metabolized mainly in the colon, and the differences in their absorption and metabolism are largely due to differences in the colonic microbiota. Moreover, phytochemicals can be absorbed in the intestine by acting on them through enzymes produced by intestinal cells and stem cells, or by interacting with the intestinal flora, thus ameliorating the associated diseases.
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| 7. |
- Lv, Zhihan, Dr. 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Wearable Sensors for Vital Signs Measurement : A Survey
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks. - : MDPI AG. - 2224-2708. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) worldwide, developments in the medical field have aroused concerns within society. As science and technology develop, wearable medical sensors have become the main means of medical data acquisition. To analyze the intelligent development status of wearable medical sensors, the current work classifies and prospects the application status and functions of wireless communication wearable medical sensors, based on human physiological data acquisition in the medical field. By understanding its working principles, data acquisition modes and action modes, the work chiefly analyzes the application of wearable medical sensors in vascular infarction, respiratory intensity, body temperature, blood oxygen concentration, and sleep detection, and reflects the key role of wearable medical sensors in human physiological data acquisition. Further exploration and prospecting are made by investigating the improvement of information security performance of wearable medical sensors, the improvement of biological adaptability and biodegradability of new materials, and the integration of wearable medical sensors and intelligence-assisted rehabilitation. The research expects to provide a reference for the intelligent development of wearable medical sensors and real-time monitoring of human health in the follow-up medical field. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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| 8. |
- Merdasa, Aboma, et al.
(författare)
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Non-radiative processes in metal halide perovskite semiconductors probed by photoluminescence microscopy
- 2018
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Ingår i: XIII International Conference on Hole Burning, Single Molecule, and Related Spectroscopies: Science and Applications (HBSM-2018). - : EDP Sciences. - 2101-6275. ; 190
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organo metal halide perovskites are solution processed semiconductors that recently attracted a great attention. They possess a rather "soft" and (photo) chemically active solid structure allowing for ion migration and other mass diffusion processes. This is a likely reason why non-radiative recombination centres in these materials are activated and deactivated on relatively slow time-scales. This dynamics reveals as photoluminescence (PL) fluctuations (blinking) of individual microcrystals and local areas of films and allows for application of a broad range of single molecule spectroscopy methods including optical super-resolution. Studying PL blinking resolves properties of individual non-radiative centres and helps to unravel their chemical nature.
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| 9. |
- Shuaishuai, Wang, et al.
(författare)
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Facile Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of O-Mannosyl Glycans
- 2018
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 57:30, s. 9268-9273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract O?Mannosylation is a vital protein modification involved in brain and muscle development whereas the biological relevance of O-mannosyl glycans has remained largely unknown owing to the lack of structurally defined glycoforms. An efficient scaffold synthesis/enzymatic extension (SSEE) strategy was developed to prepare such structures by combining gram-scale convergent chemical syntheses of three scaffolds and strictly controlled sequential enzymatic extension catalyzed by glycosyltransferases. In total, 45 O-mannosyl glycans were obtained, covering the majority of identified mammalian structures. Subsequent glycan microarray analysis revealed fine specificities of glycan-binding proteins and specific antisera.
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| 10. |
- Sun, Yuxi, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-Modal Hashing With Feature Semi-Interaction and Semantic Ranking for Remote Sensing Ship Image Retrieval
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0196-2892 .- 1558-0644. ; 62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cross-modal hashing plays a pivotal role in large-scale remote sensing (RS) ship image retrieval. RS ship images often exhibit similar overall appearance with subtle differences. Existing hashing methods typically employ feature non-interaction strategies to generate common hash codes, which may not effectively capture the correlations between cross-modal ship images to reduce intermodality discrepancies. To address this issue, we propose a novel cross-modal hashing approach based on feature semi-interaction and semantic ranking (FSISR) for RS ship image retrieval. Our FSISR approach not only captures intricate correlations between different ship image modalities, but also enables the construction of hash tables for large-scale retrieval. FSISR comprises a feature semi-interaction module and a semantic ranking objective function. The semi-interaction module utilizes clustering centers from one modality to learn the correlations between two modalities and generate robust shared representations. The objective function optimizes these representations in a common Hamming space, consisting of a shared semantic alignment loss and a margin-free ranking loss. The alignment loss employs a shared semantic layer to preserve label-level similarity, while the ranking loss incorporates hard examples to establish a margin-free loss that captures similarity ranking relationships. We evaluate the performance of our method on benchmark datasets and demonstrate its effectiveness for cross-modal RS ship image retrieval. https://github.com/sunyuxi/FSISR.
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