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| 2. |
- Ekenberg, Love, et al.
(författare)
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Deliberation, representation, equity : research approaches, tools and algorithms for participatory processes
- 2017
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- What can we learn about the development of public interaction in e-democracy from a drama delivered by mobile headphones to an audience standing around a shopping center in a Stockholm suburb? In democratic societies there is widespread acknowledgment of the need to incorporate citizens' input in decision-making processes in more or less structured ways. But participatory decision making is balancing on the borders of inclusion, structure, precision and accuracy. To simply enable more participation will not yield enhanced democracy, and there is a clear need for more elaborated elicitation and decision analytical tools. This rigorous and thought-provoking volume draws on a stimulating variety of international case studies, from flood risk management in the Red River Delta of Vietnam, to the consideration of alternatives to gold mining in Ro?ia Montana in Transylvania, to the application of multi-criteria decision analysis in evaluating the impact of e-learning opportunities at Uganda's Makerere University. Editors Love Ekenberg (senior research scholar, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [IIASA], Laxenburg, professor of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University), Karin Hansson (artist and research fellow, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University), Mats Danielson (vice president and professor of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, affiliate researcher, IIASA) and Göran Cars (professor of Societal Planning and Environment, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm) draw innovative collaborations between mathematics, social science, and the arts. They develop new problem formulations and solutions, with the aim of carrying decisions from agenda setting and problem awareness through to feasible courses of action by setting objectives, alternative generation, consequence assessments, and trade-off clarifications. As a result, this book is important new reading for decision makers in government, public administration and urban planning, as well as students and researchers in the fields of participatory democracy, urban planning, social policy, communication design, participatory art, decision theory, risk analysis and computer and systems sciences.
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| 3. |
- Hassannejad, Nazir Azadeh, et al.
(författare)
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A Cortical Network Model for Cognitive and Emotional Influences in Human Decision Making.
- 2015
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Ingår i: BioSystems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0303-2647 .- 1872-8324. ; 136, s. 128-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decision making (DM)[1] is a complex process that appears to involve several brain structures. In particular, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) seem to be essential in human decision making, where both emotional and cognitive aspects are taken into account. In this paper, we present a computational network model representing the neural information processing of DM, from perception to behavior. We model the population dynamics of the three neural structures (amygdala, OFC and LPFC), as well as their interaction. In our model, the neurodynamic activity of amygdala and OFC represents the neural correlates of secondary emotion, while the activity of certain neural populations in OFC alone, represent the outcome expectancy of different options. The cognitive/rational aspect of DM is associated with LPFC. Our model is intended to give insights on the emotional and cognitive processes involved in DM under various internal and external contexts. Different options for actions are represented by the oscillatory activity of cell assemblies, which may change due to experience and learning. Knowledge and experience of the outcome of our decisions and actions can eventually result in changes in our neural structures, attitudes and behaviors. Simulation results may have implications for how we make decisions for our individual actions, as well as for societal choices, where we take examples from transport and its impact on CO2 emissions and climate change. [1] Decision making is abbreviated as DM throughout the text
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Liljenström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Background survey
- 2016
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Ingår i: Towards a fossil-free society in the Stockhol-Mälar region. - 9789197604840 ; , s. 12-92
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Liljenström, Hans
(författare)
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Connecting urban and regional socio-ecological transitions: Paths to a non fossil society in the Swedish Stockholm-Malar area
- 2017
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Ingår i: Procedia Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-7058. ; 198, s. 1036-1045
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The embedding of cities in a wider regional frame is central for long term planning regarding the transformation of such parts of society. This holds especially true for urban centers of national or sub national status. In this presentation we are drawing on 4 years of research work and stakeholder consultations in the Swedish part of the EU COMPLEX project dealing with the transition to non fossil societies. In our presentation the regional multi layered governance which encompasses both a large (the Swedish capital) city and its surrounding region with an archipelago of larger and smaller towns is at the heart of the presentation. Our core interest is in the transition to sustainable and resilient urban futures. Especially we are drawing on the experiences from the Swedish case in the EU project COMPLEX.Method: We are relying both on stakeholder consultations with regard to long term planning as well as on specific regional modelling efforts covering specific features as municipality planning, economic regional analysis, land use studies and cognitive analysis regarding decision making by individuals,Results: We have focused on the systemic interactions of many different kinds covering long term developments (up to 2050). Our focus is to analyze features of the transition process of our urban-region at large and the connected decision making features e.g. in terms of scenario elaborations.Discussion: We highlight the differences of opinions among a wide range of stakeholders with regard to their understanding of the issues, their ideological positioning about core matters of concerns and the various positions about appropriate paths for reaching the goals of the transition to a non-fossil urban-super region situation in our chosen case area. (c) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 7. |
- Liljenström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Decisions and Downward Causation in Neural Systems
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (V). - Singapore : Springer Singapore. - 9789811002052 ; :5, s. 161-167
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For any complex system, consisting of several organizational levels, the problem of causation is profound. Usually, science considers upward causation as fundamental, paying less or no attention to any downward causation. This is also true for the nervous system, where cortical neurodynamics and higher mental functions are normally considered causally dependent on the nerve cell activity, or even the activity at the ion channel level. This study presents a computational approach to decision making (DM) and downward causation in cortical neural systems. We have developed models of paleo- and neocortical structures, in order to study their mesoscopic neurodynamics, as a link between the microscopic neuronal and macroscopic mental events and processes. We demonstrate how complex neurodynamics may play a role for the functions of cortical structures. While microscopic random noise may trigger meso- or macroscopic states, the nonlinear dynamics at these levels may also affect the activity at the microscopic level.
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| 8. |
- Liljenström, Hans
(författare)
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Editorial Introduction
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Consciousness Studies. - 1355-8250. ; 25, s. 8-12
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Annan publikation (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Liljenström, Hans
(författare)
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Freeman Neurodynamics The Past 25 Years
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Consciousness Studies. - 1355-8250. ; 25, s. 13-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Walter Freeman established a unique approach for interpreting brain processes, perception, cognition, and intentionality. Freeman's neurodynamics approach evokes the concepts of mass action and synchrony in neural populations, and even today is far ahead of the field of dynamical systems in hierarchical brain models. He summarized the essence of his views on the physiology of perception in a landmark paper on the pages of Scientific American in 1991. He spelled out the main components of his neurodynamics theory in that essay, which became a classic in brain theory and cognition. His approach has been hailed by many and attracted a large number of scientists all over the world. At the same time there were fellow scientists who objected to Freeman's approach and dismissed its basic tenets. This love or hate relationship followed Freeman until his death in his home in Berkeley, on 24 April 2016. In the present contribution we review the progress of Freeman's theory of neurodynamics over the past 25 years. We describe his work in light of new developments in experimental and theoretical approaches to brain dynamics, establishing new directions in computational neuroscience, cognitive monitoring, computational and mathematical modelling, field theories of cognition and intelligence, and his quest towards inventing novel engineering applications.
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| 10. |
- Liljenström, Hans
(författare)
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Intentionality as a Driving Force
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Consciousness Studies. - 1355-8250. ; 25, s. 206-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intentionality - in the sense of purposiveness - is essential for the action perception cycle, which is central in Walter Freeman's work. In this paper, I will reflect upon Walter Freeman's view on intentionality and its relation to mesoscopic neurodynamics, also quoting him from a couple of unique dialogues. Further, I will elaborate on the role of intentionality for decision making and free will, in particular focusing on intentionality as a driving force in evolution and in life in general. I will also describe briefly a computational model of decision making and put that model in the broader context of the action perception cycle. Finally, in some philosophical comments on consciousness, I will discuss its dual aspects of intention and attention, which appears to be causally effective in the material world.
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