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- Lillie, Malcolm, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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First isotope analysis and new radiocarbon dating of Trypillia (Tripolye) farmers from Verteba Cave, Biche Zolote, Ukraine
- 2017
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Ingår i: Documenta Praehistorica. - : Ljubljana University Press. - 1408-967X .- 1854-2492. ; 44, s. 306-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an analysis of human and animal remains from Verteba cave,near Bilche Zolote, western Ukraine. This study was prompted by a paucity of direct dates on thismaterial and the need to contextualise these remains in relation both to the transition from hunt-ing and gathering to farming in Ukraine, and their specific place within the Cucuteni-Trypillia cul-ture sequence. The new absolute dating places the remains studied here in Trypillia stages BII/CIat c. 3900–3500 cal BC, with one individual now redated to the Early Scythian period. As such,these finds are even more exceptional than previously assumed, being some of the earliest dis-covered for this culture. The isotope analyses indicate that these individuals are local to the region,with the dietary stable isotopes indicating a C3terrestrial diet for the Trypillia-period humansanalysed. The Scythian period individual has δ13C ratios indicative of either c. 50% marine, or alter-natively C4plant inputs into the diet, despite δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr ratios that are comparable to the otherindividuals studied.
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| 2. |
- Nikitin, Alexey G., et al.
(författare)
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Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Eneolithic Trypillians from Ukraine reveals Neolithic farming genetic roots
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLOS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The agricultural revolution in Eastern Europe began in the Eneolithic with the Cucuteni-Trypillia culture complex. In Ukraine, the Trypillian culture (TC) existed for over two millennia (ca. 5,400–2,700 BCE) and left a wealth of artifacts. Yet, their burial rituals remain a mystery and to date almost nothing is known about the genetic composition of the TC population. One of the very few TC sites where human remains can be found is a cave called Verteba in western Ukraine. This report presents four partial and four complete mitochondrial genomes from nine TC individuals uncovered in the cave. The results of this analysis, combined with the data from previous reports, indicate that the Trypillian population at Verteba carried, for the most part, a typical Neolithic farmer package of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages traced to Anatolian farmers and Neolithic farming groups of central Europe. At the same time, the find of two specimens belonging to haplogroup U8b1 at Verteba can be viewed as a connection of TC with the Upper Paleolithic European populations. At the level of mtDNA haplogroup frequencies, the TC population from Verteba demonstrates a close genetic relationship with population groups of the Funnel Beaker/ Trichterbecker cultural complex from central and northern Europe (ca. 3,950–2,500 BCE).
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