| 1. |
- Adcox, K, et al.
(författare)
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PHENIX detector overview
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 469-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Adler, SS, et al.
(författare)
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PHENIX on-line systems
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 560-592
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PHENIX On-Line system takes signals from the Front End Modules (FEM) on each detector subsystem for the purpose of generating events for physics analysis. Processing of event data begins when the Data Collection Modules (DCM) receive data via fiber-optic links from the FEMs. The DCMs format and zero suppress the data and generate data packets. These packets go to the Event Builders (EvB) that assemble the events in final form. The Level-1 trigger (LVL1) generates a decision for each beam crossing and eliminates uninteresting events. The FEMs carry out all detector processing of the data so that it is delivered to the DCMs using a standard format. The FEMs also provide buffering for LVL1 trigger processing and DCM data collection. This is carried out using an architecture that is pipelined and deadtimeless. All of this is controlled by the Master Timing System (MTS) that distributes the RHIC clocks. A Level-2 trigger (LVL2) gives additional discrimination. A description of the components and operation of the PHENIX On-Line system is given and the solution to a number of electronic infrastructure problems are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Lin, JM, et al.
(författare)
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Phenotyping of individual pancreatic islets locates genetic defects in stimulus secretion coupling to Niddm1i within the major diabetes locus in GK rats
- 2001
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 50:12, s. 2737-2743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The major diabetes quantitative trait locus (Niddm1), which segregates in crosses between GK rats affected with spontaneous type 2–like diabetes and normoglycemic F344 rats, encodes at least two different diabetes susceptibility genes. Congenic strains for the two subloci (Niddm1f and Niddm1i) have been generated by transfer of GK alleles onto the genome of F344 rats. Whereas the Niddm1f phenotype implicated insulin resistance, the Niddm1i phenotype displayed diabetes related to insulin deficiency. Individual islets from 16-week-old congenic rats were characterized for insulin release and oxygen tension (pO2). In the presence of 3 mmol/l glucose, insulin release from Niddm1f and Niddm1i islets was ∼5 pmol · g−1 · s−1 and pO2 was 120 mmHg. Similar recordings were obtained from GK and F344 islets. When glucose was raised to 11 mmol/l, insulin release increased significantly in Niddm1f and F344 islets but was essentially unchanged in islets from GK and Niddm1i. The high glucose concentration lowered pO2 to the same extent in islets from all strains. Addition of 1 mmol/l tolbutamide to the perifusion medium further increased pulsatile insulin release threefold in all islets. The pulse frequency was ∼0.4 min−1. α-Ketoisocaproate (11 mmol/l) alone increased pulsatile insulin release eightfold in islets from Niddm1f, Niddm1i, and control F344 rats but had no effect on insulin release from GK islets. These secretory patterns in response to α-ketoisocaproate were paralleled by reduction of pO2 in Niddm1f, Niddm1i, and control F344 islets and no change of pO2 in GK islets. The results demonstrate that Niddm1i carries alleles of gene(s) that reduce glucose-induced insulin release and that are amenable to molecular identification by genetic fine mapping.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Chang, Shu-Nu, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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An acidic amino acid cluster regulates the nucleolar localization and ribosome assembly of human ribosomal protein L22
- 2000
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Ingår i: FEBS Letters. - 0014-5793 .- 1873-3468. ; 484:1, s. 22-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The control of human ribosomal protein L22 (rpL22) to enter into the nucleolus and its ability to be assembled into the ribosome is regulated by its sequence. The nuclear import of rpL22 depends on a classical nuclear localization signal of four lysines at positions 13-16. RpL22 normally enters the nucleolus via a compulsory sequence of KKYLKK (I-domain, positions 88-93). An acidic residue cluster at the C-terminal end (C-domain) plays a nuclear retention role. The retention is concealed by the N-domain (positions 1-9) which weakly interacts with the C-domain as demonstrated in the yeast two-hybrid system. Once it reaches the nucleolus, the question of whether rpL22 is assembled into the ribosome depends upon the presence of the N-domain. This suggests that the N-domain, on dissociation from its interaction with the C-domain, binds to a specific region of the 28S rRNA for ribosome assembly.
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| 6. |
- Chang, Shu-Nu, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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An acidic amino acid cluster regulates the nucleolar localization and ribosome assembly of human ribosomal protein L22
- 2000
-
Ingår i: FEBS Letters. - : Wiley. - 0014-5793 .- 1873-3468. ; 484:1, s. 22-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The control of human ribosomal protein L22 (rpL22) to enter into the nucleolus and its ability to be assembled into the ribosome is regulated by its sequence. The nuclear import of rpL22 depends on a classical nuclear localization signal of four lysines at positions 13-16. RpL22 normally enters the nucleolus via a compulsory sequence of KKYLKK (I-domain, positions 88-93). An acidic residue cluster at the C-terminal end (C-domain) plays a nuclear retention role. The retention is concealed by the N-domain (positions 1-9) which weakly interacts with the C-domain as demonstrated in the yeast two-hybrid system. Once it reaches the nucleolus, the question of whether rpL22 is assembled into the ribosome depends upon the presence of the N-domain. This suggests that the N-domain, on dissociation from its interaction with the C-domain, binds to a specific region of the 28S rRNA for ribosome assembly.
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| 7. |
- Enfors, Sven-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Physiological responses to mixing in large scale bioreactors
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - 0168-1656 .- 1873-4863. ; 85:2, s. 175-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Escherichia coli fed-batch cultivations at 22 m(3) scale were compared to corresponding laboratory scale processes and cultivations using a scale-down reactor furnished with a high-glucose concentration zone to mimic the conditions in a feed zone of the large bioreactor. Formate accumulated in the large reactor, indicating the existence of oxygen limitation zones. It is suggested that the reduced biomass yield at large scale partly is due to repeated production/reassimilation of acetate from overflow metabolism and mixed acid fermentation products due to local moving zones with oxygen limitation. The conditions that generated mixed-acid fermentation in the scale-down reactor also induced a number of stress responses, monitored by analysis of mRNA of selected stress induced genes. The stress responses were relaxed when the cells returned to the substrate limited and oxygen sufficient compartment of the reactor. Corresponding analysis in the large reactor showed that the concentration of mRNA of four stress induced genes was lowest at the sampling port most distant from the feed zone. It is assumed that repeated induction/relaxation of stress responses in a large bioreactor may contribute to altered physiological properties of the cells grown in large-scale bioreactor. Flow cytometric analysis revealed reduced damage with respect to cytoplasmic membrane potential and integrity in cells grown in the dynamic environments of the large scale reactor and the scale-down reactor.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Zhang, J. G., et al.
(författare)
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of spray formed ultrahigh-carbon steels
- 2004
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Ingår i: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 383:1, s. 45-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The microstructure and mechanical properties of the spray formed 1.25C-3.0Si-1.5Cr ultrahigh-carbon steel (UHCS) were described. The 1.25C-3.0Si-1.5Cr UHCS was processed by spray forming to break up carbide networks. The fine pearlites with average interlamellar spacing of 0.20 mum was observed in the as-sprayed microstructure. The ultimate tensile strength and the pearlite spacing can be related by the Hall-Petch equation. The as-sprayed 1.25C-3.0Si-1.5Cr UHCS consisting of fine lamellar pearlites has been shown to exhibit superplastic behavior at elevated temperature. The dramatic change of microstructure from fine lamellar pearlites to equiaxed grains stabilized by spheroidized particles during superplastic deformation has been observed. The estimation on the basis of thermodynamics shows that the content of chromium of 1.54 wt.% is needed to inhibit graphite formation in the l.25C-3.OSi-1.5Cr UHCS.
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| 10. |
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