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- Karltun, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Process Redesign and Organisational Change : Towards the use of an Integrated Change Method
- 1999
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on TQM and Human Factors. - Linköping : Centre for Studies of Humans, Technology and Organization (CMTO), Univ.. - 9172195193 ; , s. 1008-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem of finding appropriate ways to organise and design organisational change processes, and especially their initial phases, is the main question behind this paper. It is argued that a methodological approach is advantageous by guiding the process towards efficiency and effectiveness. The theoretical base for such a method is described concerning change and method theory. Two methods deriving from perspectives of process redesign, quality, ergonomics and organisational theory were integrated. The resulting method was verified in three case studies, concerning change process and method use. The results show that integration of perspectives, situational adaptability, an unbiased initial problem attitude, and a change initiating co-operation between change agent and organisation could be achieved. The developed theory and work structures are advantageous in guiding and legitimising the change process. The work procedures ensure participation and enable both top-down and bottom-up generated improvements to be emphasised.
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- Karltun, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Production planning and information flow in a business process context – experiences from change projects in SMEs
- 1999
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International conference on TQM and Human Factors. - 9172195193 ; , s. 2:158-163
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes and evaluates experiences of applying a business process perspective as a part of a change project in three different enterprises, especially with respect to improvements in production planning and information flow activities. The business process modelling gives a detailed and structured understanding of the relations between the business processes and the problems in the enterprise, problems that include quality and employee work conditions. The results indicate that the modelling of the processes provides the enterprises with more complete but simple and understandable images of the business, where the business process perspective accentuates a customer focus and a tight integration between production and sales. The perspective can be used to develop the understanding of the relations between the activities of strategic planning, the daily planning and scheduling of the production, and the personal planning of the single employee. The individuals’ working situation can be improved when the understanding of, and the possibilities to affect the own and others role in relation to the rest of the organisation are increased.
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- Lind, Johan
(författare)
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Reduced take-off ability in robins due to migratory fuel load
- 1999
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Ingår i: Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-5443 .- 1432-0762. ; 46:1, s. 65-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies have shown that large fuel loads in small birds impair flying ability. This is the first study to show how migratory fuel load affects flying ability, such as velocity and height gained at take-off in a predator escape situation, in a medium-distance migrant, and whether they adjust their take-off according to predator attack angle. First-year robins (Erithacus rubecula) were subjected to simulated attacks from a model merlin (Falco columbarius), and take-off velocity and angle were analysed. Robins with a wing load of 0.19 g cm−2 took off at a 39% lower angle than robins with a wing load of 0.13 g cm−2, while velocity remained unaffected. The robins did not adjust their angle of ascent in accordance with the predator's angle of attack. Since many predators rely on surprise attacks, a difference in flight ability due to varying fuel loads found in migrating robins can be important for birds' chances of survival when actually attacked.
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- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular risk factors and electrographical characteristics and abnormalities in middle-aged males.
- 1997
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Ingår i: J Intern Med. - 0954-6820. ; 241:2, s. 109-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if characteristics and abnormalities found at the electrocardiogram (ECG) are related to common cardiovascular risk factors included in the insulin-resistance metabolic syndrome. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Tertiary university hospital. SUBJECTS: Over 2000 middle-aged males in whom ECG abnormalities were recorded, together with ECG characteristics measured in a random sample of men with no ECG abnormalities (n = 113). INTERVENTIONS: None. RESULTS: All three components of the metabolic syndrome; elevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia and hyperinsulinaemia were found to be related to the heart rate (P < 0.002) and the QRS-duration (P < 0.01) and inversely to the QoT-interval (P < 0.05), the early diastolic phase (P < 0.05) and the T-wave amplitude (P < 0.02). The components of the metabolic syndrome was furthermore found to be associated with the occurrence of T-wave abnormalities (n = 64, P < 0.01) and to a lesser degree also to the occurrence of Q-waves (n = 21). CONCLUSIONS: The components of the insulin-resistance metabolic syndrome were related both to certain ECG characteristics in subjects with a normal ECG and to some ECG abnormalities. A raised sympathetic activity is likely to be the link between some of the described associations, whilst coronary heart diseases may explain others.
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- Merényi, Gábor, et al.
(författare)
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Luminol chemiluminescence : Chemistry, excitation, emitter
- 1990
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Ingår i: Journal of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence (Print). - : Wiley. - 0884-3996 .- 1099-1271. ; 5:1, s. 53-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanism of luminol chemiluminescence is a special case of nucleophilic addition to carbonyl compounds. The breakdown of the key intermediate, an alpha hydroxy hydroperoxide, produces a peracid ortho to an acyl diazene group. After intramolecular addition of the peracid, the energy from nitrogen expulsion is utilized in the formation of an anti-aromatic endoperoxide. Rupture along the O,O bond leaves a substantial part of the ensuing phthalate in its excited state. The emitter is shown to be a mono-protonated phthalate unaccessible by photoexcitation. The dark reaction is a concerted decomposion of the alpha hydroxy hydroperodixe to yield ground-state phthalate.
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- Thorstrom, Russell, et al.
(författare)
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First nest description, breeding, ranging and foraging behaviour of the Short-legged ground roller, Brachypteracias leptosomus, in Madagascar
- 1999
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Ingår i: Ibis. - 0019-1019 .- 1474-919X. ; 141:4, s. 569-576
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The secretive, endemic Short-legged Ground-Roller Brachypteracias leptosomus was studied from October 1996 to February 1997 on the Masoala Peninsula, northeast Madagascar. Several vocalizations were associated with contact, courtship feeding and food solicitation. One study pair ranged within an area of 19.1 ha and spent 90% of their time together. They used small trees for foraging and resting, and durations of perch time averaged 9.8 min. Of the 229 identified prey items recorded, 88% were invertebrates and 12% vertebrates. The first described nests for this species were observed in December 1996 and January 1997. The first nest was in a natural tree cavity 18.1 m above the ground in a 133-cm diameter-at-breast height (dbh) Weinmannia sp., and it contained at least one egg. This nest failed on 1 January 1997 when a swarm of Honey Bees Apis mellifera took over the cavity. On 7 January, the pair began excavating another nest 22 m above the ground in a 174-cm dbh Canarium madagascarense, in the root mass and decayed material of epiphytes and below a 1 -m diameter forked branch. Incubation lasted between 22–26 days and the nestling period was 30 days. One young fledged in March 1997.
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