| 1. |
- Lango Allen, Hana, et al.
(författare)
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Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 467:7317, s. 832-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 600 variants associated with human traits, but these typically explain small fractions of phenotypic variation, raising questions about the use of further studies. Here, using 183,727 individuals, we show that hundreds of genetic variants, in at least 180 loci, influence adult height, a highly heritable and classic polygenic trait. The large number of loci reveals patterns with important implications for genetic studies of common human diseases and traits. First, the 180 loci are not random, but instead are enriched for genes that are connected in biological pathways (P = 0.016) and that underlie skeletal growth defects (P<0.001). Second, the likely causal gene is often located near the most strongly associated variant: in 13 of 21 loci containing a known skeletal growth gene, that gene was closest to the associated variant. Third, at least 19 loci have multiple independently associated variants, suggesting that allelic heterogeneity is a frequent feature of polygenic traits, that comprehensive explorations of already-discovered loci should discover additional variants and that an appreciable fraction of associated loci may have been identified. Fourth, associated variants are enriched for likely functional effects on genes, being over-represented among variants that alter amino-acid structure of proteins and expression levels of nearby genes. Our data explain approximately 10% of the phenotypic variation in height, and we estimate that unidentified common variants of similar effect sizes would increase this figure to approximately 16% of phenotypic variation (approximately 20% of heritable variation). Although additional approaches are needed to dissect the genetic architecture of polygenic human traits fully, our findings indicate that GWA studies can identify large numbers of loci that implicate biologically relevant genes and pathways.
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| 2. |
- Lindgren, Tony, et al.
(författare)
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An Open Government Index : from Democracy to Efficiency to Innovation
- 2014
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Ingår i: DSV writers hut 2014. - Stockholm : Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University. - 9789163774577
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Most research in research areas like E-government, E-participation and Open government assume a democratic norm. The concept of Open government, recently promoted by, e.g., The Obama administration and the European Commission is to a large extent based on a general liberal and deliberative ideology emphasizing transparency, participation and collaboration. The concept has also become of interest for states like China and Singapore. In this position paper we outline how to study the concept under different political discourses and suggest an Open government index that can be used to analyze the concept of open government under various settings.
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| 3. |
- Lindgren, Tony, et al.
(författare)
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Expert Guided Adaptive Maintenance
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society. - New York : The Prognostics and Health Management Society (PHM Society). - 9781936263165
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The heavy truck industry is a highly competitive business field; traditionally maintenance plans for heavy trucks are static and not subject to change. The advent of affordable telematics solutions has created a new venue for services that use information from the truck in operation. Such services could for example aim at improving the maintenance offer by taking into account information of how a truck has been utilized to dynamically adjust maintenance to align with the truck’s actual need. These types of services for maintenance are often referred to as condition based maintenance (CBM) and more recently Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM). In this paper we explain how we at Scania developed an expert system for adapting the maintenance intervals dependent on operational data from trucks. The expert system is aimed at handling components which maintenance experts have knowledge about but do not find it worth the effort to create a correct physical wear-model for. We developed a systematic way for maintenance experts to express how operational data should influence the maintenance intervals. The rules in the expert system therefore are limited in what they can express, and as such our presented system differs from other expert systems in general. In a comparison between our expert system and another general expert system framework, the expert system we constructed outperforms the general expert framework using our limited type of rules.
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| 4. |
- Lindgren, Tony, et al.
(författare)
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Improving the Maintenance Planning of Heavy Trucks using Constraint Programming
- 2013
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Ingår i: ModRef 2013: The Twelfth International Workshop on Constraint Modelling and Reformulation. - Québec, Canada : Université Laval. ; , s. 74-90
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maintenance planning of heavy trucks at Scania is presently done using static cyclic plans where each maintenance occasion contains a xed set of components. Using vehicle operational data gained from on-board sensors we will be able to predict at which intervals each component needs to be maintained. However, dynamic planning is needed to take this new knowledge into account. Another benet using dynamic planning is that vehicle owners can in uence maintenance plans with regard to their business. For this reason we have implemented a prototype of an automated maintenance planner based on constraint programming techniques. The planner has successfully been tested on vehicles belonging to Scania's internal haulage contractor. In this paper we will describe the planner and what we have learned using and developing it as well as ongoing work on how the planner will be developed further.
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| 5. |
- Lindgren, Tony
(författare)
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Troubleshooting ECU Programmed by Bodybuilders
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo ICCVE 201. - : IEEE. - 9781467347051 - 9780769549002 ; , s. 231-236
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Having an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) which is programmable by external parties puts new requirements on troubleshooting. In this paper we describe how we solved the problem of both troubleshooting additional equipment added by bodybuilders and facilitating their need to use signals from our vehicles in an easy way in order to interact with their additional equipment. In this paper we look at bodybuilder's additional equipment for heavy trucks, but our technique for troubleshooting should be equally relevant for other applications with similar conditions.
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