| 1. |
- Goodson, J. M., et al.
(författare)
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Control of periodontal infections: A randomized controlled trial I. The primary outcome attachment gain and pocket depth reduction at treated sites
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 39:6, s. 526-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To compare the treatment outcome of scaling and root planing (SRP) in combination with systemic antibiotics, local antibiotic therapy and/or periodontal surgery. Material and Methods One hundred and eighty-seven patients were assigned to eight groups treated by SRP plus none, one, two or three adjunctive treatments and monitored for 24 similar to months in a randomized controlled clinical trial using a 2 similar to 2 similar to 2 factorial design. Systemic amoxicillin similar to metronidazole (SMA), local tetracycline delivery (LTC) and periodontal surgery (SURG) were evaluated as adjuncts. Changes in clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were statistically evaluated by ancova of main effects. Results Effects of adjunctive therapy to SRP were minimal at 3 similar to months. Between 3 and 6 similar to months PPD reduction occurred particularly in patients receiving periodontal surgery. After 6 similar to months, both CAL gain and PPD reduction reached a plateau that was maintained at 24 similar to months in all groups. The 24-month CAL gain was improved by SMA (0.50 similar to mm) while PPD was reduced by SMA (0.51 similar to mm) and SURG (0.36 similar to mm). Smoking reduced CAL gain and PPD reduction. Conclusion Patients receiving adjunctive therapies generally exhibited improved CAL gain and/or PPD reduction when compared with the outcome of SRP alone. Only additive, not synergistic effects of the various adjunctive therapies were observed.
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| 2. |
- Socransky, Sigmund S, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of periodontal therapy on the subgingival microbiota over a 2-year monitoring period. I. Overall effect and kinetics of change.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 40:8, s. 771-780
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To examine the 2-year post-therapy kinetics of change in the composition of subgingival biofilms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, 178 chronic periodontitis subjects were recruited and clinically monitored at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24months after therapy. All subjects received scaling and root planing and 156 one or more of periodontal surgery, systemically administered amoxicillin+metronidazole or local tetracycline at pockets ≥5mm. Subgingival biofilm samples taken from each subject at each time point were analysed for their content of 40 bacterial species using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. The significance of changes in median species counts over time was sought using the Wilcoxon or Friedman tests and adjusted for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Mean counts were significantly reduced from baseline to 2years for 30 of the 40 taxa. Marked reductions were observed for periodontal pathogens including Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola and Eubacterium nodatum. The kinetics of change differed from species to species. When data were subset according to baseline PD, patterns of change in the microbial profiles were generally similar. CONCLUSION: Periodontal therapy leads to a rapid reduction in periodontal pathogens, followed by a slower reduction in other taxa that can be sustained for at least 2years.
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| 3. |
- Araújo, Mauricio G, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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beta-Tricalcium phosphate in the early phase of socket healing: an experimental study in the dog.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 21:4, s. 445-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this experiment was to analyze processes involved in the incorporation of beta-tricalcium phospate (TCP) particles in host tissue during healing following tooth extraction and grafting.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five beagle dogs were used. Four premolars in the maxilla ((3)P(3), (2)P(2)) were hemi-sected, the distal roots were removed and the fresh extraction socket filled with TCP. The tooth extraction and grafting procedures were scheduled in such a way that biopsies representing 1 and 3 days, as well as 1, 2, and 4 weeks of healing could be obtained. Tissue elements such as cells, fibers, vessels, leukocytes and mineralized bone were determined. In deparaffinized sections structures and cells that expressed Tratarate resistant acid phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and osteopontin were identified by the use of markers.RESULTS: The porosities of the TCP particles were initially filled with erythrocytes that subsequently were replaced with mineralized bone. Some of the graft material was invaded by mesenchymal and inflammatory cells and disintegrated. Thus, small membrane bound granules appeared in the granulation tissue and the provisional matrix. In the process of hard tissue formation, partly mineralized (modified) TCP particles became surrounded by ridges of woven bone.CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the early healing of an extraction socket that had been grafted with beta-TCP involved (i) the formation of a coagulum that was (ii) replaced with granulation tissue and a provisional matrix in which (iii) woven bone could form. In this process the biomaterial was apparently involved.
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| 4. |
- Araújo, Mauricio G, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Bio-Oss collagen in the buccal gap at immediate implants: a 6-month study in the dog.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 22:1, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- following tooth extraction and immediate implant installation, the edentulous site of the alveolar process undergoes substantial bone modeling and the ridge dimensions are reduced. objective: the objective of the present experiment was to determine whether the process of bone modeling following tooth extraction and immediate implant placement was influenced by the placement of a xenogenic graft in the void that occurred between the implant and the walls of the fresh extraction socket.
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| 5. |
- Araújo, Mauricio G, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of Bio-Oss Collagen incorporation in fresh extraction wounds: an experimental study in the dog.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 21:1, s. 55-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The objective of this experiment was to analyze processes involved in the incorporation of Bio-Oss Collagen in host tissue during healing following tooth extraction and grafting. METHODS: Five beagle dogs were used. Four premolars in the mandible ((3)P(3), (4)P(4)) were hemi-sected, the distal roots were removed and the fresh extraction socket filled with Bio-Oss Collagen. The mucosa was mobilized and the extraction site was closed with interrupted sutures. The tooth extraction and grafting procedures were scheduled in such a way that biopsies representing 1 and 3 days, as well as 1, 2 and 4 weeks of healing could be obtained. The dogs were euthanized and perfused with a fixative. Each experimental site, including the distal socket area, was dissected. The sites were decalcified in EDTA, and serial sections representing the central part of the socket were prepared in the mesio-distal plane and parallel with the long axis of the extraction socket. Sections were stained in hematoxylin and eosin and were used for the overall characteristics of the tissues in the extraction socket. In specimens representing 1, 2 and 4 weeks of healing the various tissue elements were assessed using a morphometric point counting procedure. Tissue elements such as cells, fibers, vessels, leukocytes and mineralized bone were determined. In deparaffinized sections structures and cells positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity (TRAP), alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin were identified. RESULTS: The biomaterial was first trapped in the fibrin network of the coagulum. Neutrophilic leukocytes [polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells] migrated to the surface of the foreign particles. In a second phase the PMN cells were replaced by multinuclear TRAP-positive cells (osteoclasts). The osteoclasts apparently removed material from the surface of the xenogeneic graft. When after 1-2 weeks the osteoclasts disappeared from the Bio-Oss granules they were followed by osteoblasts that laid down bone mineral in the collagen bundles of the provisional matrix. In this third phase the Bio-Oss particles became osseointegrated. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the incorporation of Bio-Oss in the tissue that formed in an extraction wound involved a series of different processes.
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| 6. |
- Araújo, Mauricio G, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Socket grafting with the use of autologous bone: an experimental study in the dog.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 22:1, s. 9-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- studies in humans and animals have shown that following tooth removal (loss), the alveolar ridge becomes markedly reduced. Attempts made to counteract such ridge diminution by installing implants in the fresh extraction sockets were not successful, while socket grafting with anorganic bovine bone mineral prevented ridge contraction.
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| 7. |
- Cecchinato, D., et al.
(författare)
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A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of marginal bone loss among implant patients
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161. ; 24:1, s. 87-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of the present cross-sectional retrospective study was to determine bone loss in a sample of subjects restored with implant-supported prostheses and the prevalence and severity of peri-implantitis in a sub-sample. Material and methods A total of 139 patients who had attended a follow-up visit in 2007 were considered for inclusion. Subjects with implants that had been in function for less than 3 years or had poor quality radiographs were excluded. The final study population comprised 133 subjects with a total of 407 implants. Radiographic measurements identified subjects who had =1 implant site exhibiting marginal bone loss of >0.5 mm; 40 subjects met this criterion and were recalled for a clinical examination. Of the 40 subjects that were recalled for the clinical examination, 30 attended. The following parameters were recorded at mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual/palatal aspects of all implants: oral hygiene standard (plaque), bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth (PPD). Results The mean interval between the baseline (1-year post-loading) and the follow-up radiographs was 4.8 +/- 2.3 years. In the total subject sample (133 subjects and 407 implants), the mean amount of marginal bone loss that had occurred was 0.2 +/- 1.2 mm. Ninety-three subjects with 246 implant sites exhibited no bone level alteration (group A), whereas 40 subjects with 161 implant sites (group B) displayed marginal bone loss of >0.5 mm at =1 implant (loser site). Sixty-eight implant sites in group B exhibited bone loss of >0.5 mm. However, only 20% of subjects and 11% of sites had lost >1 mm marginal bone, and 8% of subjects and 4% of sites had lost >2 mm bone. The total amount of bone loss that had occurred in group B was (i) 0.88 +/- 1.5 mm and (ii) among the loser sites 2.1 +/- 1.4 mm. Thirty subjects from group B were exposed to a clinical examination; out of 37 sites with bone loss >0.5 mm in this subgroup, 29 sites had a PPD value of =4 mm. Conclusion Marginal bone loss (>0.5 mm) at implants was observed in 30% of subjects and 16% of implant sites. More advanced loss of marginal bone occurred in much fewer subjects and sites. Sites with marginal bone loss was in the sub-sample characterized by bleeding on probing, but only occasionally with deep (=6 mm) pockets.
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| 8. |
- Cecchinato, D., et al.
(författare)
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Mucosal inflammation and incidence of crestal bone loss among implant patients: a 10-year study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161. ; 25:7, s. 791-796
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence and incidence of marginal bone loss and, in addition, peri-implantitis in subjects and implant sites after 10 years in function. Material and Methods: One hundred and thirty-three subjects with a total of 407 implants that had been in function for about 5 years attended a follow-up visit in 2007 (visit 2; V2). 100 of the 133 subjects returned for a new clinical and radiographic examination in 2012 (visit 3; V3). The clinical examination included assessment of "bleeding on probing" (BoP+) and "probing pocket depth." Subjects with implant sites that in the radiograph exhibited crater-shaped marginal bone loss of >0.5 mm were identified as losers. Results: During the interval between V2 and V3 (about 5 years), 13 implants in 7 subjects exhibited progressive bone loss and were removed. The overall amount of crestal bone loss that had occurred at the remaining implants between visit 1 (V1; >= 1 year of loading) and V3 (10 years) was small (0.36 +/- 1.4 mm). The bone-level reduction was twice as great between V2 and V3 as between V1 and V2. Forty subjects and 75 (26%) implant sites exhibited marginal bone loss of >0.5 mm between V1 and V3. In the interval between V2 and V3, 37 new implant sites lost significant amounts of bone. During the entire 10-year period (V1-V3), 12% of patients and 5% of implants displayed signs of peri-implantitis (bone loss >0.5 mm, BoP+, PPD >= 6 mm), while in the V2-V3 interval, the corresponding numbers were 10% (patients) and 4% (implant sites). Conclusion: Sites with marginal bone loss of >= 1 mm were not common among implant patients. Peri-implantitis occurred in about 10% of patients and 4% of implant sites.
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| 9. |
- Cecchinato, Denis, et al.
(författare)
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Osseointegration in periodontitis susceptible individuals.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 23:1, s. 1-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to examine tissue integration of implants placed (i) in subjects who had lost teeth because of advanced periodontal disease or for other reasons, (ii) in the posterior maxilla exhibiting varying amounts of mineralized bone.
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| 10. |
- Ferrus, Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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Factors influencing ridge alterations following immediate implant placement into extraction sockets.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 21:1, s. 22-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Aim: To identify factors that may influence ridge alterations occurring at the buccal aspect of the extraction site following immediate implant placement. Material and methods: In 93 subjects, single-tooth implants were placed immediately into extraction sockets in the maxilla (tooth locations 15-25). A series of measurements describing the extraction site were made immediately after implant installation and at re-entry, 16 weeks later. The implant sites were stratified according to four factors: (i) implant location (anterior/posterior), (ii) cause of tooth extraction (periodontitis/non-periodontitis), (iii) thickness of the buccal bone walls (1 mm) and (iv) the dimension of the horizontal buccal gap (1 mm). Results: (i) The location where the implant was placed (anterior/posterior) as well as (ii) the thickness of the buccal bone crest and (iii) the size of the horizontal buccal gap significantly influenced the amount of hard tissue alteration that occurred during a 4-month period of healing. At implant sites in the premolar segment, the fill of the horizontal gap was more pronounced than in the incisor-canine segment, while the vertical crest reduction was significantly smaller. Furthermore, at sites where the buccal bone wall was thick (>1 mm) and where the horizontal gap was large (>1 mm), the degree of gap fill was substantial. Conclusions: The thickness of the buccal bone wall as well as the dimension of the horizontal gap influenced the hard tissue alterations that occur following immediate implant placement into extraction sockets. To cite this article: Ferrus J, Cecchinato D, Pjetursson EB, Lang NP, Sanz M, Lindhe J. Factors influencing ridge alterations following immediate implant placement into extraction sockets. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. xx, 2009; 000-000.
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