| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in the General Population
- 2021
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Ingår i: Circulation. - Philadelphia : American Heart Association. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 144:12, s. 916-929
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early detection of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in addition to coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring, may help inform prevention strategies. We used CCTA to determine the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with CAC scores in a general population.Methods: We recruited 30 154 randomly invited individuals age 50 to 64 years to SCAPIS (the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). The study includes individuals without known coronary heart disease (ie, no previous myocardial infarctions or cardiac procedures) and with high-quality results from CCTA and CAC imaging performed using dedicated dual-source CT scanners. Noncontrast images were scored for CAC. CCTA images were visually read and scored for coronary atherosclerosis per segment (defined as no atherosclerosis, 1% to 49% stenosis, or ≥50% stenosis). External validity of prevalence estimates was evaluated using inverse probability for participation weighting and Swedish register data.Results: In total, 25 182 individuals without known coronary heart disease were included (50.6% women). Any CCTA-detected atherosclerosis was found in 42.1%; any significant stenosis (≥50%) in 5.2%; left main, proximal left anterior descending artery, or 3-vessel disease in 1.9%; and any noncalcified plaques in 8.3% of this population. Onset of atherosclerosis was delayed on average by 10 years in women. Atherosclerosis was more prevalent in older individuals and predominantly found in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Prevalence of CCTA-detected atherosclerosis increased with increasing CAC scores. Among those with a CAC score >400, all had atherosclerosis and 45.7% had significant stenosis. In those with 0 CAC, 5.5% had atherosclerosis and 0.4% had significant stenosis. In participants with 0 CAC and intermediate 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease according to the pooled cohort equation, 9.2% had CCTA-verified atherosclerosis. Prevalence estimates had excellent external validity and changed marginally when adjusted to the age-matched Swedish background population.Conclusions: Using CCTA in a large, random sample of the general population without established disease, we showed that silent coronary atherosclerosis is common in this population. High CAC scores convey a significant probability of substantial stenosis, and 0 CAC does not exclude atherosclerosis, particularly in those at higher baseline risk.
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| 3. |
- Bergström, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in the General Population
- 2021
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 144:12, s. 916-929
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early detection of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in addition to coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring, may help inform prevention strategies. We used CCTA to determine the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with CAC scores in a general population.Methods: We recruited 30 154 randomly invited individuals age 50 to 64 years to SCAPIS (the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). The study includes individuals without known coronary heart disease (ie, no previous myocardial infarctions or cardiac procedures) and with high-quality results from CCTA and CAC imaging performed using dedicated dual-source CT scanners. Noncontrast images were scored for CAC. CCTA images were visually read and scored for coronary atherosclerosis per segment (defined as no atherosclerosis, 1% to 49% stenosis, or ≥50% stenosis). External validity of prevalence estimates was evaluated using inverse probability for participation weighting and Swedish register data.Results: In total, 25 182 individuals without known coronary heart disease were included (50.6% women). Any CCTA-detected atherosclerosis was found in 42.1%; any significant stenosis (≥50%) in 5.2%; left main, proximal left anterior descending artery, or 3-vessel disease in 1.9%; and any noncalcified plaques in 8.3% of this population. Onset of atherosclerosis was delayed on average by 10 years in women. Atherosclerosis was more prevalent in older individuals and predominantly found in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Prevalence of CCTA-detected atherosclerosis increased with increasing CAC scores. Among those with a CAC score >400, all had atherosclerosis and 45.7% had significant stenosis. In those with 0 CAC, 5.5% had atherosclerosis and 0.4% had significant stenosis. In participants with 0 CAC and intermediate 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease according to the pooled cohort equation, 9.2% had CCTA-verified atherosclerosis. Prevalence estimates had excellent external validity and changed marginally when adjusted to the age-matched Swedish background population.Conclusions: Using CCTA in a large, random sample of the general population without established disease, we showed that silent coronary atherosclerosis is common in this population. High CAC scores convey a significant probability of substantial stenosis, and 0 CAC does not exclude atherosclerosis, particularly in those at higher baseline risk.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Berg, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Minkhållning i Sverige
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här rapporten är framtagen av SLUs vetenskapliga råd för djurskydd i syfte att utvärdera djurvälfärden hos minkar inom svensk pälsdjursproduktion och bedöma om den vetenskapliga litteraturen ger stöd för att produktionen, så som den bedrivs i dag, ger djuren möjlighet att bete sig naturligt. Minkar som föds upp för pälsproduktion i Sverige måste hållas och skötas enligt Statens jordbruksverks föreskrifter och allmänna råd (SJVFS 2012:14) om uppfödning och hållande av pälsdjur. Rapporten har tagits fram på uppdrag av Jordbruksverket som en del i ett regeringsuppdrag om minkhållning. Den beskriver minkens ursprung och domesticering, naturligt beteende hos vild mink, inhysning och skötsel vid pälsuppfödning, onormalt beteende, miljöberikningar, smittskydd, förekommande sjukdomar och avlivningsmetoder. I rapporten ges rekommendationer baserat på tillgänglig vetenskaplig litteratur, och behov av framtida forskning identifieras.Minken är en opportunistisk köttätare som behöver äta relativt ofta. I pälsdjursproduktionen tillämpas i princip fri tillgång på foder till digivande honor och växande valpar men inför parningssäsongen innebär den fria tillgången ökad risk för komplikationer vid valpningen på grund av övervikt hos honan. Fodringen behöver därför anpassas under vintern för att minska risken för feta honor och därmed ökad dödlighet vid valpningen. Neddragen fodertillgång kan orsaka frustration som då visar sig i beteendestörningar. Olika aspekter på utfodring bör därför beaktas i framtida forskning. Den vilda minken lever solitärt under stora delar av året, dock kan en till flera honor leva inom en hanes revir. I pälsdjursproduktionen bör därför vuxna minkar hållas individuellt, undantaget är växande ungminkar som med fördel kan hållas tillsammans. Att hålla två minkar tillsammans är det vanligaste, dock fungerar det att hålla tre ungminkar i etagebur om de ges extra foder och god tillsyn. Grupper med fler än tre djur bör undvikas då riskerna för aggression ökar. En lya fastsatt utanpå buren är viktigt för alla minkar året runt då de naturligt vilar mycket i sina bohål, samt även för att minkhonan ska kunna ta hand om de outvecklade ungarna första tiden efter födelsen. I fångenskap används halm för att skapa ett varmt bo under den kalla årstiden samt för att bygga ett bo för ungarna under uppfödningsperioden.Systematisk genetisk selektion för önskat beteende (temperament) förbättrar välfärden hos minken. Systemet tillämpas på svenska gårdar genom att minkar som uppvisar rädsla eller stress selekteras bort vid avelsurvalet. Urvalet av avelsdjur görs kontinuerligt från det att valparna föds, då reproduktion, valpöverlevnad och temperament registreras tidigt och är viktiga parametrar att ta hänsyn till i urvalet. Det slutliga urvalen sker på hösten då längd, vikt och pälsegenskaper graderas. Ju tidigare dessa urval görs desto tidigare kan utfodringen anpassas för att undvika att avelsdjuren blir överviktiga under hösten. Det är viktigt att aveln inte resulterar i för stora djur, då detta kan leda till välfärdsproblem i framtiden.Mink i vilt tillstånd använder vatten i sin jakt på bytesdjur, men är inget vattenlevande djur, per se. Badvatten till mink bedöms däremot vara en positiv berikning, dock inte vetenskapligt belagt, som ett grundläggande beteendebehov. Forskning visar att beteendestörningar kan förebyggas genom att minkarna ges fri tillgång på foder, hålls i etageburar med bolåda, hyllor, strömedel och berikningar som byts ut regelbundet. I svenska djurskyddsföreskrifter ingår dessa som krav för hållande av mink för pälsdjursproduktion. Mer kunskap behövs för hur ofta berikningar bör skiftas.Djurvälfärd i samband med livdjurstransport och avlivning av mink lyfts fram som angelägna forskningsområden. En snabb avlivning vid hemmaburen bedöms vara det bästa ur djurvälfärdssynpunkt. För att minska risken för spridning av sjukdomar bör importerade minkar hållas i karantän och hög biosäkerhet tillämpas på gården.
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| 6. |
- Carlander, Anders, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 related distress in the Swedish population: Validation of the Swedish version of the COVID Stress Scales (CSS)
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The COVID Stress Scales (CSS) assess health- and contamination-related distress in the face of a medical outbreak like the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Though the CSS is translated into 21 languages, it has not been validated in a Swedish national sample. Aim Our general objective is to provide a translation, replication, and validation of the CSS and test its convergent- and discriminant validity in relation to anxiety, health anxiety, depression, and stress in the general Swedish population. We also present latent psychometric properties by modelling based on item response theory. Methods Participants consisted of 3044 Swedish adults (> 18 years) from a pre-stratified (gender, age, and education) sample from The Swedish Citizen Panel. Mental health status was assessed by validated instruments, including the CSS, PHQ-4, SHAI-14, and PSS-10. Results Results indicate that our Swedish translation of CSS has good psychometric properties and consists of 5 correlated factors. Discussion The CSS is useful either as a unidimensional or multidimensional construct using the CSS scales to measure key facets of pandemic-related stress. Conclusions The findings support the cross-cultural validity of the CSS and its potential utility in understanding many of the emotional challenges posed by the current and future pandemics.
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| 7. |
- Carlander, Anders, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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The ever gap: The relationship between self-rated health and socio-economic inequalities in Sweden between 1999 and 2021
- 2023
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Ingår i: Social Sciences & Humanities Open. - 2590-2911. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health inequality linked to socioeconomic status (SES) has increased in many parts of the world. Since economic inequality also has been reported to be on the rise, it is pivotal to investigate how socioeconomic inequality affects health disparities annually. The present study is based on a yearly repeated cross-sectional probability sample of Swedish citizens (N = 141 619) collected between 1999 and 2021. We show that the relative level of SES has increased significantly in Sweden. In addition, the level of economic inequality has also increased. Based on self-rated health (SRH), we report a clear disparity between low and high SES and subjective social class (SSS), where higher SES and SSS are associated with better SRH. We observe a stronger association between SRH and reported present SSS (i.e., subjective social class aimed at capturing current situation) than between SRH and reported childhood SSS (i.e., subjective social class focusing on the situation when growing up). We show that the annual marginal effect of SES is not increasing but instead contributes with a stable annual contribution on SRH. Interestingly, the annual effect of education on SRH was substantially attenuated when adjusting for income, whereas the effect of income on SRH was only moderately different when adjusting for education. Potential mechanisms and remedies are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Edsjö, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Molekylär patologi : nyckeln till målinriktad cancerbehandling [Molecular pathology - the key to precision oncology]
- 2021
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapidly expanding knowledge of the molecular landscape of cancers has resulted in the implementation of an increasing number of specific therapies targeted at tumors with specific molecular aberrations. In response to this development, new tools for predictive testing for molecular targets need to be implemented in routine health care. To achieve robust future molecular diagnostic pathology, and equal opportunity for patients to qualify for targeted therapy, the national working group for Solid Tumors in the initiative Genomic Medicine Sweden (GMS) aims to implement regional and national platforms for comprehensive genomic tumor profiling and linked analysis pipelines. Novel IT-infrastrucutures and recruitment of bioinformaticians and molecular biologists to hospital labotatories are paramount. The infrastructure will allow wider inclusion into clinical trials and supplement the national cancer registries with molecular »real world data« for research and evaluation of implemented cancer therapies and diagnostic procedures.
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| 9. |
- Edsjö, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Molekylär patologi – nyckeln till målinriktad cancerbehandling
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapidly expanding knowledge of the molecular landscape of cancers has resulted in the implementation of an increasing number of specific therapies targeted at tumors with specific molecular aberrations. In response to this development, new tools for predictive testing for molecular targets need to be implemented in routine health care. To achieve robust future molecular diagnostic pathology, and equal opportunity for patients to qualify for targeted therapy, the national working group for Solid Tumors in the initiative Genomic Medicine Sweden (GMS) aims to implement regional and national platforms for comprehensive genomic tumor profiling and linked analysis pipelines. Novel IT-infrastrucutures and recruitment of bioinformaticians and molecular biologists to hospital labotatories are paramount. The infrastructure will allow wider inclusion into clinical trials and supplement the national cancer registries with molecular »real world data« for research and evaluation of implemented cancer therapies and diagnostic procedures.
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| 10. |
- Edsjö, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Molekylär patologi – nyckeln tillmålinriktad cancerbehandling : Heltäckande molekylär tumörkarakterisering ger möjlighetatt undersöka samtliga behandlingsalternativ med en analys [Molecular pathology - the key to precision oncology]
- 2021
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Sveriges Läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 118
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapidly expanding knowledge of the molecular landscape of cancers has resulted in the implementation of an increasing number of specific therapies targeted at tumors with specific molecular aberrations. In response to this development, new tools for predictive testing for molecular targets need to be implemented in routine health care. To achieve robust future molecular diagnostic pathology, and equal opportunity for patients to qualify for targeted therapy, the national working group for Solid Tumors in the initiative Genomic Medicine Sweden (GMS) aims to implement regional and national platforms for comprehensive genomic tumor profiling and linked analysis pipelines. Novel IT-infrastrucutures and recruitment of bioinformaticians and molecular biologists to hospital labotatories are paramount. The infrastructure will allow wider inclusion into clinical trials and supplement the national cancer registries with molecular »real world data« for research and evaluation of implemented cancer therapies and diagnostic procedures.
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