| 1. |
- Sjostedt, Evelina, et al.
(författare)
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TGFBR3L-An Uncharacterised Pituitary Specific Membrane Protein Detected in the Gonadotroph Cells in Non-Neoplastic and Tumour Tissue.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cancers. - BASEL SWITZERLAND : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here, we report the investigation of transforming growth factor beta-receptor 3 like (TGFBR3L), an uncharacterised pituitary specific membrane protein, in non-neoplastic anterior pituitary gland and pituitary neuroendocrine tumours. A polyclonal antibody produced within the Human Protein Atlas project (HPA074356) was used for TGFBR3L staining and combined with SF1 and FSH for a 3-plex fluorescent protocol, providing more details about the cell lineage specificity of TGFBR3L expression. A cohort of 230 pituitary neuroendocrine tumours were analysed. In a subgroup of previously characterised gonadotroph tumours, correlation with expression of FSH/LH, E-cadherin, oestrogen (ER) and somatostatin receptors (SSTR) was explored. TGFBR3L showed membranous immunolabeling and was found to be gonadotroph cell lineage-specific, verified by co-expression with SF1 and FSH/LH staining in both tumour and non-neoplastic anterior pituitary tissues. TGFBR3L immunoreactivity was observed in gonadotroph tumours only and demonstrated intra-tumour heterogeneity with a perivascular location. TGFBR3L immunostaining correlated positively to both FSH (R = 0.290) and LH (R = 0.390) immunostaining, and SSTR3 (R = 0.315). TGFBR3L correlated inversely to membranous E-cadherin staining (R = -0.351) and oestrogen receptor β mRNA (R = -0.274). In conclusion, TGFBR3L is a novel pituitary gland specific protein, located in the membrane of gonadotroph cells in non-neoplastic anterior pituitary gland and in a subset of gonadotroph pituitary tumours.
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| 2. |
- Bowman, Chelsie N., et al.
(författare)
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Integrated sedimentary, biotic, and paleoredox dynamics from multiple localities in southern Laurentia during the late Silurian (Ludfordian) extinction event
- 2020
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Ingår i: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0031-0182. ; 553
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Silurian was a time of major climatic transition punctuated by multiple biotic crises and global carbon cycle perturbations. The most severe of these biotic events was the late Silurian (Ludfordian) Lau/Kozlowskii extinction event (LKE) and the associated Lau carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Although the extinction event and Lau CIE are globally documented, the only records thus far of local and global marine paleoredox conditions through this interval are from a single region in Scandinavia. Here we examine four sections along a bathymetric transect of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sediments from western Tennessee, USA. A novel approach using a multi-proxy dataset combining high-resolution geochemical data and microfacies analyses from multiple localities explores the possibilities of local/regional-scale redox heterogeneities during a time of widespread environmental upheaval on a global scale. Paired positive excursions recorded in carbonate carbon isotopes and carbonate-associated sulfate sulfur isotopes support recent work from carbonate and siliciclastic successions from Scandinavia, suggesting a global enhancement of organic carbon and pyrite burial driven by an expansion of euxinic (anoxic and sulfidic water column) conditions in the oceans during the mid-Ludfordian. Furthermore, positive excursions in organic carbon isotopes and pyrite sulfur isotopes reflect the global changes in redox. Stratigraphic trends in I/Ca ratios imply a local expansion of low-oxygen conditions, with low, but non-zero values during the rising limb and peak of the CIE. The fossil assemblages vary across the shelf and through the CIE interval. Stratigraphic changes in fossil assemblages and I/Ca are closely associated with local and global changes in oxygenation and sea level during the mid-Ludfordian. The collective data indicate significant biotic reorganization in response to changes in marine redox conditions and in conjunction with sea-level variation during the LKE interval, but detailed macroscopic biodiversity is currently unconstrained for this region.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring circulating tumor DNA during surgical treatment in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. - 1535-7163 .- 1538-8514. ; 20:12, s. 2568-2576
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of patients diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are successfully treated with a combination of surgery and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, it remains challenging to monitor treatment efficacy and identify relapse early. Here, we utilized a sequencing strategy based on molecular barcodes and developed a GIST-specific panel to monitor tumor-specific and TKI resistance mutations in cell-free DNA and applied the approach to patients undergoing surgical treatment. Thirty-two patients with GISTs were included, and 161 blood plasma samples were collected and analyzed at routine visits before and after surgery and at the beginning, during, and after surgery. Patients were included regardless of their risk category. Our GIST-specific sequencing approach allowed detection of tumor-specific mutations and TKI resistance mutations with mutant allele frequency < 0.1%. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was detected in at least one timepoint in nine of 32 patients, ranging from 0.04% to 93% in mutant allele frequency. High-risk patients were more often ctDNA positive than other risk groups (P < 0.05). Patients with detectable ctDNA also displayed higher tumor cell proliferation rates (P < 0.01) and larger tumor sizes (P < 0.01). All patients who were ctDNA positive during surgery became negative after surgery. Finally, in two patients who progressed on TKI treatment, we detected multiple resistance mutations. Our data show that ctDNA may become a clinically useful biomarker in monitoring treatment efficacy in patients with high-risk GISTs and can assist in treatment decision making.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Spectral induced polarization of limestones: time domain field data, frequency domain laboratory data and physicochemical rock properties
- 2020
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Ingår i: Geophysical Journal International. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0956-540X .- 1365-246X. ; 220:2, s. 928-950
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With advances in data acquisition and processing methods, spectral inversion of time domain (TD) induced polarization (IP) data is becoming more common. Geological interpretation of inverted spectral parameters, for instance Cole–Cole parameters, often relies on results from systematic laboratory measurements. These are most often carried out with frequency domain (FD) systems on sandstone samples. However, the two different methods of measuring the spectral IP response differ in both measurement technique and scale. One of the main objectives of this study is, thus, to perform a direct comparison of inverted spectral parameters from TD IP field data with FD IP spectra from laboratory measurements. To achieve this, field measurements were carried out before a ∼50-m-long rock core was drilled down along one of the measurement lines. Solid parts of the core were vacuum-sealed in plastic bags to preserve the natural groundwater in the samples, after which the core samples were measured with FD spectral IP in laboratory. The results showed that the inverted Cole–Cole parameters closest to the borehole were comparable to the IP spectra measured at the core samples, despite differences in measurement techniques and scale. The field site chosen for the investigation was a limestone succession spanning over a well-known lithological boundary (the Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary). Little is known in previous research about varying spectral IP responses in limestones, and an additional objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate possible sources of these variations in the laboratory. The IP spectra were interpreted in light of measured lithological and physicochemical properties. The carbonate texture differed strongly across the Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary from fine-grained calcareous mudstone (Cretaceous) to more well-lithified and coarse-grained wackestone and packstone (Palaeogene). Both laboratory and field spectral IP results showed that these differences cause a large shift in measured bulk conductivity across the boundary. Furthermore, carbonate mound structures with limestone grains consisting mainly of cylindrical bryozoan fragments could be identified in the inverted Cole–Cole parameters as anomalies with high relaxation times. A general conclusion of this work is that limestones can give rise to a wide range of spectral responses. The carbonate texture and the dominant shape of the fossil grains seem to have important control over the electrical properties of the material. A main conclusion is that the inverted Cole–Cole parameters from the field scale TD IP tomography were comparable to the magnitude and shape of FD IP spectra at low frequencies. This opens up large interpretational possibilities, as the comprehensive knowledge about relationships between lithological properties and IP spectra from laboratory research can be used for field data interpretation.
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| 5. |
- Kozik, Nevin P., et al.
(författare)
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Progressive marine oxygenation and climatic cooling at the height of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event
- 2023
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Ingår i: Global and Planetary Change. - 0921-8181. ; 227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The oxygen content of ancient seawater has been hypothesized to be a major controlling factor for biodiversity throughout Earth's history. The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE) represents one of the largest increases in biodiversity during the Phanerozoic, with peak rates of diversity occurring in the Middle–Late Ordovician. Multiple causal factors have resulted in this long-term adaptive radiation, but direct links to marine oxygen levels remain poorly characterized. Here we utilize a multiproxy dataset from the Röstånga-2 drillcore, Skåne (Scania), southernmost Sweden, to constrain local and global marine paleoredox dynamics using a multi-proxy approach throughout the Middle–Late Ordovician (Darriwilian–early Sandbian stages). Pyrite sulfur isotopes (δ34Spyr), iron speciation and trace metal concentrations (V, U, and Mo) all indicate pervasive locally reducing conditions, and thallium (ε205Tl) isotopic compositions indicate significant changes in global Mn-oxide burial. This is one of the first studies to utilize direct local and global paleoredox proxies to identify changes in marine oxygen associated with peak rates of biodiversification in the Ordovician. Our new thallium isotope and pyrite sulfur isotope trends from black shale are combined with previously published carbonate-based redox proxy data (δ238U and δ34SCAS–carbonate-associated sulfate) from time equivalent successions in Baltica, Laurentia and Argentine Precordillera, indicating a global shift towards enhanced Mn-oxide burial, decreased anoxic seafloor area, and decreased pyrite burial, respectively. Thus, oceanic conditions during the Middle–Late Ordovician are interpreted to have transitioned from pervasive, highly reducing conditions towards more oxygenated marine settings. These changes in global paleoredox coincide with paleotemperature proxy data that indicated an overall climatic cooling trend during this time. Significant cooling of Ordovician oceans and climate would have permitted enhanced ventilation of marine environments, that in turn likely facilitated new ecospace development/utilization and ultimately drove marine biodiversification. Our results show a protracted, yet progressive oxygenation of marine environments over an interval of ∼11 Myr coinciding with peak rates of biodiversification during the GOBE.
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| 6. |
- Kozik, Nevin P., et al.
(författare)
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Protracted oxygenation across the Cambrian–Ordovician transition : A key initiator of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Geobiology. - : Wiley. - 1472-4677 .- 1472-4669. ; 21:3, s. 323-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fluctuations in marine oxygen concentrations have been invoked as a primary driver for changes in biodiversity throughout Earth history. Expansions in reducing marine conditions are commonly invoked as key causal mechanisms for mass extinctions, while increases in marine oxygenation are becoming an increasingly common causal mechanism invoked for biodiversification events. Here we utilize a multiproxy approach to constrain local and global marine paleoredox conditions throughout the late Cambrian–Early Ordovician from two drill core successions in Baltoscandia. Local paleoredox proxies such as manganese concentrations and iron speciation reveal that both sites in the Baltic paleobasin had persistently anoxic and predominantly euxinic (anoxic and sulfidic) bottom water conditions throughout the study interval. Corresponding trace metal datasets indicate nuanced contraction and expansion of global anoxic and euxinic conditions along continental margins during the late Cambrian–Early Ordovician. Lastly, thallium isotope data from these locally reducing sections suggest a global expansion of oxygenated shelf and deeper marine environments from the late Cambrian into the Early Ordovician. This evidence for increasingly oxic marine environments coincides with increases in burrowing depth and tiering in marine animals, as well as diversification of body fossils throughout this ~8-million-year interval. The collective geochemical datasets provide some of the first direct paleoredox evidence for an increase in marine oxygen concentrations as a key mechanism for the Ordovician radiation of marine life.
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| 7. |
- Kroeck, David M., et al.
(författare)
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Morphological variability of peteinoid acritarchs from the Middle Ordovician of Öland, Sweden, and implications for acritarch classification
- 2021
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Ingår i: Palynology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0191-6122 .- 1558-9188. ; 45:4, s. 705-715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Investigation of large populations of peteinoid acritarchs recovered from Middle Ordovician strata of the Hälludden and Horns Udde quarry sections (Öland, Sweden) allows for statistical analyses based on morphometric measurements. The results indicate the presence of assemblages with a continuous variability of morphotypes, thus a distinction of different peteinoid acritarch taxa in the sections proved to be impossible. This challenges the currently accepted classification based on a differentiation into the three genera Peteinosphaeridium, Cycloposphaeridium and Liliosphaeridium, and a multitude of different species; individual taxa are essentially arbitrary as morphotypes intergrade. Investigations on modern dinoflagellates show that these can develop variable cyst morphologies depending on environmental factors. By analogy, it can be hypothesised that the different morphologies observed among the peteinoid acritarchs from Öland are cysts produced by only very few phytoplanktic organisms (or even a single species) with high morphological variability.
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| 8. |
- Lindskog, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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A Data Driven Approach for Monitoring Puncture Events in Capacitor Voltage Transformers
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. - 0885-8977 .- 1937-4208. ; 37:3, s. 2153-2162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2014 a number of Capacitor Voltage Transformers (CVTs) exploded in the Swedish transmission grid. To address this problem, data driven methods for continuously monitoring CVTs were developed. Thanks to these methods, CVT capacitor punctures are now regularly noticed and addressed before causing serious damage. This paper describes the algorithms used to make this possible. Detecting all CVT capacitor punctures as they occur increases the transmission system stability, avoids equipment damage, lowers risks to personnel when visiting the substations and makes it possible to correct measurement errors in the energy measurement systems. Automatic supervision scripts, using energy meter data, are running continuously and will alert the service personal immediately when problems occur. With the algorithms proposed in this article, the Swedish National Grid (Svk) has detected many old punctures and expects no future capacitor punctures to go undetected. Detecting all new punctures enables Svk to save substantial future cost since planned actions now are possible.
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| 9. |
- Lindskog, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Coupled biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy at Lanna, Sweden : A key section for the Floian–lower Darriwilian interval (Lower–Middle Ordovician)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0031-0182. ; 615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Lanna area in the province of Närke, south-central Sweden, hosts a succession of cool-water carbonate strata that are largely devoid of tectonic and diagenetic alteration, and span the Floian through lower Darriwilian Global stages (Ottenbyan–Kundan Regional stages). In this study we assess the integrated biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic framework for the Ordovician sequence at Lanna, utilizing trilobites and conodonts coupled with bulk-rock carbon and oxygen isotopes (δ13Ccarb and δ18Ocarb). The local succession is thin but relatively complete; biostratigraphic details are similar to coeval successions in Baltoscandia. The new high-resolution δ13C and δ18O data are broadly consistent with other chemostratigraphic records at the regional scale, but notable differences in δ13C are obvious compared to global records. δ13C trends diverge markedly in the Dapingian and intra- and inter-regional differences become increasingly pronounced through younger strata. This may largely be explained by an overall low eustatic sea level, which led to more widespread oceanic restriction of epeiric seas. As a result, δ13C records became more influenced by local variables, muddling the global δ13C signal. This, in turn, suggests that sea level played a larger role than long-term changes within the global carbon cycle for regulating local–regional δ13C gradients in the Middle Ordovician. Regardless of the underlying cause(s), the documented variability poses significant challenges for using δ13C as a tool for detailed stratigraphic correlations. The limited expression of many named ‘carbon isotope excursions’ (CIEs) in the studied interval indicate that they are artefacts of local overprinting rather than reflective of changes to the global carbon cycle. Thus, these CIEs are of questionable correlative importance and validity. Although the scatter in numeric values is relatively large, long-term δ18O trends are overall consistent at the global scale, tentatively supporting the notion that climate cooled during the studied time interval.
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| 10. |
- Lindskog, Anders, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Early SF6 gas leakage detection through a novel comparison algorithm based on pressure only
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. - 0885-8977 .- 1937-4208. ; 39:2, s. 922-930
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SF6 gas is widely used in high voltage switchgear thanks to its excellent electrical properties. Unfortunately it is also the most potent greenhouse gas known today, where 1 kg of SF6 is equivalent to approximately 25 tons of CO2. Therefore it is important to monitor equipment containing SF6 to find and repair any leakage as early as possible. This paper discusses both practical challenges and provides a novel algorithm, that can be used for automatic and early SF6 gas leakage detection for circuit breakers. The work is based on laboratory and field tests in three substations in the south of Sweden. The tests has been carried out with two different types of digital SF6 gas sensors: a density sensor and a pressure sensor. The core of the early SF6 gas leakage detection algorithm is that it detects very small changes in gas content by comparing the varying pressures between circuit breakers. The algorithm detects leaks in the order of 0.1%/year within 2–3 weeks based on absolute pressure reading only. The total installation cost is approximately 750 EUR per sensor.
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