| 1. |
- Lindström, Björn E., et al.
(författare)
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Borrelia Ocular Infection : A Case Report and a Systematic Review of Published Cases
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ophthalmic Research. - : S. Karger. - 0030-3747 .- 1423-0259. ; 65:2, s. 121-130
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Lyme borreliosis can cause many diverse manifestations, also ocular disease where the diagnosis of ocular borreliosis is challenging. The primary aim was to report on the evidence of Borrelia spirochetes in the ocular tissue in presumed ocular borreliosis.METHODS: A systematic review of pathological eye conditions was performed where Borrelia has been suspected in relevant ocular tissue, together with a case report of diagnosed uveitis with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed Borrelia afzelii in the vitreous. The evidence for clinical and laboratory diagnosis was evaluated systematically. As a secondary aim, the treatment of ocular Borrelia infection was also evaluated for confirmed cases.RESULTS: Thirteen includable studies were found, and after the removal of case duplicates, eleven unique cases were extracted. Apart from the present case report, 4 other cases reported strong evidence for the detection of B. spirochetes in ocular tissue. Four cases presented reasonable evidence for assumed detected Borrelia, while three additional cases showed only weak diagnostic credibility that Borrelia was detected.CONCLUSION: This systematic review, including all reported cases and our case report, supports evidence of ocular infection of Borrelia species. Furthermore, in case of suspicion of infection and seronegativity, it is justified to look for Borrelia in eye tissue samples. In addition, microscopy without using PCR is not sufficient to confirm the diagnosis of borreliosis on ocular tissue. In the articles studied, there was no unambiguous recommendation of treatment.
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| 2. |
- Green, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Övervakning av fåglarnas populationsutveckling. Årsrapport för 2020.
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We present the results of the Swedish Bird Survey, run by the Department of Biology, Lund University, as a part of the National Monitoring Programme of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The results for 2020 include data from: 564 winter point counts in 2019/2020 (45th winter), of which 274 were carried out during the Christmas/New Year count, 210 summer point count routes (46th year) and 550 Fixed routes (25th year). In the programme for covering night-active birds (11th season), 151 routes were covered on up to three occasions each (March, April and June). In addition, 372 waterbird routes (6th season) and 200 archipelago squares (6th season) were surveyed. New for this year is that we alsoinclude the International Waterbird Census (IWC) from September (47th year, 145 sectors) and January (55th year, 1066 sectors), and nationwide goose counts in September, October, November and January (44th season, 1537 sites). In total 759 persons were involved in the surveys reported here. Population trends were analyzed using TRIM and trends for 228 different bird species are presented, as well as the geographical distributions of the covered routes. Larger mammals are counted on the Night routes and the Fixed routes since 2010 and 2011, respectively, and we present short-term trends for 12 mammal species based on these two systems. We also present trends from the new schemes of water- and archipelago birds, through which we can now follow yet more species withsystematic counts during the breeding period. The long-term trends show both winners and losers among the Swedish birds. In general breeding bird numbers have decreased since the 1970s. Among the winners are swans and geese,raptors and cranes. Most species of autumn staging and wintering waterbirds have increased in numbers during the same period. When it comes to the wintering birds, the increases are most likely a result of generally milder winters with more open water and snow-free ground. Year 2020 was in general a good bird year in Sweden and based on 204 taxa recorded on the Fixed routes over the last 10 years, there are more species significantly increasing in numbers (26%), than decreasing in numbers (15%). For the remaining species (59%), no statistically significant changes were recorded during the last ten years. Based on the winter point counts, the trends during the last ten winters are strongly positive. Intotal 35 % of 114 species have increased significantly, while only 8 % have decreased. For waterbirds specifically, the majority of the surveyed species (67%) have increased in winter during the last ten years and only one species (3%) decreased significantly. The increasing numbers of wintering waterbirds is also in the short perspective a result of mild winters. With the additions of our latest survey programs we can now follow the population development of somewhere between 80 and 90% of the about 250 bird species breeding in Sweden.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Jakobsson, Håkan, 1977-
(författare)
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Dutch experts in the early modern Swedish state : Employment strategies and knowledge building, 1560–1670
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation investigates the role played by Dutch experts in various enterprises and organisations managed or administered by the early modern Swedish state. The work demonstrates how and why Dutch experts were introduced to Sweden, in what manner they were employed by the Swedish state and how their knowledge was utilised in state-controlled organisations. The overall results challenge the impression of an uncomplicated introduction, steered by the state. Instead, the research suggests that the development was multifaceted, where the role and function of state structures, international politics, networks, as well as concepts, including opportunism and pragmatism all played a part in the process which led to the employment of Dutch experts and use of Dutch knowledge. Underlying analytical tools used to demonstrate this include concepts such as collective knowledge, institutional memory, change agents, as well as strategies to minimise uncertainties and knowledge asymmetries in the recruitment process. The investigation consists of four empirical chapters. The first chapter focuses on some of the key Dutch individuals who settled in Sweden during the second half of the sixteenth century. It shows why a Dutch settlement took place, but also how a specific interest in Dutch trade expertise was developed by the Swedish political leadership. The chapter concludes with an analysis of how Dutch expertise was utilised to develop advanced long-distance trade. The second chapter follows the use of Dutch experts in the naval shipbuilding organisation in the first half of the seventeenth century. It shows how an almost complete reliance on Dutch experts and technical knowledge was established during this period. The chapter details how the Dutch introduction and utilisation evolved, when the naval organisation changed from being single-handedly steered by the king, to a situation where it was administered by an independent Admiralty Board. The third chapter investigates the use of Dutch experts in the foreign administration as well as in the administration and management of trade and commercial undertakings. It details how agents and diplomatic networks facilitated exchange and brought knowledge and experts to Sweden. The chapter also challenges an established notion that many of the trade enterprises that were established in Sweden up until the mid-1630s were failures. The results instead demonstrate how successive proposals to develop commercial ventures by Dutch experts created a necessary knowledge base in Swedish society, which in the long run led to the successful formation of advanced commercial enterprises. The final chapter focuses on the establishment of commercial fishing operations. It follows the introduction and growth of a Dutch model for how to develop advanced fishing, and explains why the model only led to a functioning enterprise towards the very end of the period of investigation.
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| 5. |
- Jonung, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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En liberal ser på vänstervågen 1968
- 2021
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Ingår i: Men Lundagård lever. Sverige äldsta studenttidning 1920-2020. - 9789198644609
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 6. |
- Liljebäck, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Learning from long time series of harvest and population data : Swedish lessons for European goose management
- 2021
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Ingår i: Wildlife Biology. - : Nordic Council for Wildlife Research (NKV). - 0909-6396 .- 1903-220X. ; 1, s. 1-10
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Recension (refereegranskat)abstract
- Goose management in Europe is faced by multiple challenges, as some species are declining and in need of conservation actions, while other populations have become very abundant, resulting in calls for increased harvest. Sweden has long-term series of harvest data and counts of breeding and autumn-staging geese. We used national data (indices) for greylag goose, bean goose and Canada goose to study shifts in temporal trends and correlative patterns, and to infer possible causal links between harvest and population trends. Our study provides an opportunity to guide management given the data collected within the present monitoring, as well as to suggest improvements for future data collection. The populations of greylag and Canada geese increased in Sweden 1979–2018, but this long-term trend included a recent decrease in the latter species. Bean goose breeding index decreased, whilst staging numbers and harvest varied with no clear long-term trend. For Canada goose, our analysis suggests that harvest may affect population growth negatively. For bean goose and greylag goose we could not detect any effect of harvest on autumn counts the following year. We find that the present data and analysis of coherence may suffice as basis for decisions for the current management situation in Sweden with its rather unspecific goals for greylag (very abundant) and Canada goose (invasive species) populations. However, for management of bean geese, with international concerns of over harvest, data lack crucial information. For future management challenges, with more explicit goals, for all goose species we advocate information that is more precise. Data such as hunting effort, age-structure of goose populations and mark–recapture data to estimate survival and population size, is needed to feed predictive population models guiding future Swedish and European goose management.
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| 7. |
- Liljebäck, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Learning from long time series of harvest and population data : Swedish lessons for European goose management
- 2021
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Ingår i: Wildlife Biology. - : Wiley. - 0909-6396 .- 1903-220X. ; 2021:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Goose management in Europe is faced by multiple challenges, as some species are declining and in need of conservation actions, while other populations have become very abundant, resulting in calls for increased harvest. Sweden has long-Term series of harvest data and counts of breeding and autumn-staging geese. We used national data (indices) for greylag goose, bean goose and Canada goose to study shifts in temporal trends and correlative patterns, and to infer possible causal links between harvest and population trends. Our study provides an opportunity to guide management given the data collected within the present monitoring, as well as to suggest improvements for future data collection. The populations of greylag and Canada geese increased in Sweden 1979-2018, but this long-Term trend included a recent decrease in the latter species. Bean goose breeding index decreased, whilst staging numbers and harvest varied with no clear long-Term trend. For Canada goose, our analysis suggests that harvest may affect population growth negatively. For bean goose and greylag goose we could not detect any effect of harvest on autumn counts the following year. We find that the present data and analysis of coherence may suffice as basis for decisions for the current management situation in Sweden with its rather unspecific goals for greylag (very abundant) and Canada goose (invasive species) populations. However, for management of bean geese, with international concerns of over harvest, data lack crucial information. For future management challenges, with more explicit goals, for all goose species we advocate information that is more precise. Data such as hunting effort, age-structure of goose populations and mark-recapture data to estimate survival and population size, is needed to feed predictive population models guiding future Swedish and European goose management.
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| 8. |
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