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- Van Hoye, Aurélie, et al.
(författare)
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How do sports clubs contribute to health? From theory to interventions
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 32:Suppl. 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The symposium presents last findings on health promotion interventions in sports clubs. After a short introduction about the health promoting sports clubs (HPSC), five presentations (France, Sweden, Ireland, Finland and Netherlands) will reflect upon how sports clubs can be health promoting: in theory, from youth perspectives, by increasing physical activity level as outcome or enhancing sustainability of interventions, before opening the discussion with academic experts. Presentation 1 describes an iterative international process, implicating three groups (French sport students, French and Swedish experts) to create an intervention theory, based on the HPSC model. Presentation 2 focuses on a cross-sectional study investigating 123 Swedish youth's representation of sports clubs' role towards health promotion, identifying social dimension, environment, coaches, amount and ambition of practice as key factors. Presentation 3 is a longitudinal study among 366 adolescents, followed from age 15 to age 19, questioning the participation to organised sport practice and their orientation (leisure or competitive). Results have shown that by the age of 19, 33% of boys and 43% of girls have dropped out of organised sport, where 45% of boys and 26% of girls continued participation. Adolescents with a competitive goal orientation were more likely to continue participation. Presentation 4 is a longitudinal study among 131 youth measuring objective physical activity before and in the middle of a sport season. Principal results showed a significant change across time point, as well as differences between gender (a decrease in moderate to vigorous physical activity during games for boys and an increase for girls). Presentation 5 examined factors that influenced the sustainability of 14 Dutch sporting program aimed at increasing physical activity among inactive people 6.5 years after their implementation. Interviews with representatives of Dutch National Sports Federations and sports clubs helped to identify facilitating and impeding factors, like program adaptation, evaluation, financing and factors related to human resources. Question and Answer will be organised around the key ingredients and challenges facing the development of HPSC interventions, such as implementation of theoretical background, sport participants need consideration, complexity of outcomes evaluation of HPSC and program sustainability.
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| 4. |
- Babusci, D., et al.
(författare)
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Precision tests of quantum mechanics and CPT symmetry with entangled neutral kaons at KLOE
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer Nature. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quantum interference between the decays of entangled neutral kaons is studied in the process phi -> KSKL -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(+)pi(-), which exhibits the characteristic Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations that prevent both kaons to decay into pi(+)pi(-) at the same time. This constitutes a very powerful tool for testing at the utmost precision the quantum coherence of the entangled kaon pair state, and to search for tiny decoherence and CPT violation effects, which may be justified in a quantum gravity framework. The analysed data sample was collected with the KLOE detector at DA Phi NE, the Frascati phi-factory, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of about 1.7 fb(-1), i.e. to about 1.7 x 10(9) phi -> KSKL decays produced. From the fit of the observed Delta t distribution, being Delta t the difference of the kaon decay times, the decoherence and CPT violation parameters of various phenomenological models are measured with a largely improved accuracy with respect to previous analyses. The results are consistent with no deviation from quantum mechanics and CPT symmetry, while for some parameters the precision reaches the interesting level at which - in the most optimistic scenarios - quantum gravity effects might show up. They provide the most stringent limits up to date on the considered models.
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| 5. |
- Klintman, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective, multicenter validation study of a prognostic index composed of S-phase fraction, progesterone receptor status, and tumour size predicts survival in node-negative breast cancer patients : NNBC, the node-negative breast cancer trial
- 2013
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534 .- 1569-8041. ; 24:9, s. 2284-2291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a retrospective study on node-negative breast cancer, a prognostic index consisting of a proliferation factor, S-phase fraction (SPF), progesterone receptor status (PR), and tumour size identified one-third of patients as high risk, with a sixfold increased risk of breast cancer death. This prospective multicenter cohort study was set up to validate the index. In 576 T1-2N0 patients < 60 years, prospective analyses of PR and SPF were carried out. High risk was defined as >= 2 of the following: size > 20 mm, PR-negativity, and high SPF (in the absence of SPF, Bloom-Richardson grade 3). Median follow-up was 17.8 years. Thirty-one percent were high risk. In univariate analysis, the index was prognostic for breast cancer-specific survival after 5 years [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.7, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.5-8.9], 10 years (HR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.5-3.3), and 15 years (HR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.5), and remained significant after adjustment for adjuvant medical treatment and age. In the 37% of patients with no risk factors, only one patient died of breast cancer the first 5 years. This prospective study validates a prognostic index consisting of a proliferation factor, PR-status, and tumour size. The index may be helpful for prognostic considerations and for selection of patients in need of adjuvant therapy.
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| 6. |
- Lindefelt, U., et al.
(författare)
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Insight into the degradation phenomenon in SiC devices from ab initio calculations of the electronic structure of single and multiple stacking faults
- 2003
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Ingår i: Silicon carbide and related materials. - Uetikon-Zuerich : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. - 0878499202 ; , s. 907-912
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soon after the discovery of the problem with electrical degradation of bipolar SiC devices, we started to perform ab initio calculations in order to evaluate the hypothesis that the degradation is caused by the expansion of stacking faults (SF) created by the propagation of partial dislocations in the (0001) basal plane. These investigations have created a wealth of important information, and constitutes a major part of our present understanding of the degradation phenomenon. Salient features are: (1) In 3C-, 4H-, 6H-, and 15R-SiC there are one, two, three, and five structurally different SFs, respectively, with different properties. (2) In 4H-, 6H- and 15R-SiC two of the different types of SFs give rise to states with energies around 0.2 eV (0.1-0.15 eV in 15R) below the conduction band. These states extend along the SF plane but are strongly localized to within around 10 Å in the direction perpendicular to the SF plane. (3) These states and their one-dimensional confinement can be interpreted in terms of a quantum-well whose depth is determined by the conduction band offset between the relevant polytype and 3C-SiC. (4) Very shallow, localized (gap) states appear in some cases and can be related to the change in electronic polarization induced by the SF. (5) Calculated SF energies (SFE) are very close to both measured values and to the predictions of the simpler ANNNI (axial next nearest neighbour Ising) model. (6) The SFE in 3C-SiC is negative. (7) In 6H-SiC, the SFE for one of the SFs is considerably larger than for the other two. (8) In 15R-SiC, the SFEs for two of the SFs are almost zero. (9) The localized states described in item 2 are, beyond reasonable doubt, responsible for the electrical degradation. We have also investigated the electronic properties of two (2SF), three (3SF), and four SFs (4SF) in neighbouring planes in 4H-SiC, leading to thin 3C-like inclusions. Especially double SFs (2SF) have been observed, and may also be present in degraded devices. For these systems, some salient features are: (1) Like in the case of an isolated SF, localized gap states in the upper part of the band gap appear. The number of bound states, their energies and wave function localizations are well described by a quantum-well model. (2) The electronic polarization of the host crystal gives rise to a clear displacement of the wave functions for the localized gap states. (3) The SFE for a second SF in the presence of an already existing one (i.e., the change in total energy in going from 1SF to 2SF) is around a factor four less than the SFE for the first SF. This is compatible with recent experimental observations
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| 7. |
- Recchia, F, et al.
(författare)
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Position resolution of the prototype AGATA triple-cluster detector from an in-beam experiment
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 604:3, s. 555-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AGATA belongs to a new generation of gamma-ray detector arrays for nuclear spectroscopy at present in its final stage of development. The detectors of these new arrays will be based on 36-fold electronically segmented coaxial germanium diodes operated in position sensitive mode. An in-beam test of the AGATA prototype triple cluster detector was carried out with the purpose of demonstrating the feasibility of such detectors and in order to measure the most sensitive parameters for their overall performance. An inverse kinematics reaction was performed, using a Ti-48 beam at an energy of 100MeV, impinging on a deuterated titanium tat-get. The results from the analysis of the experimental data, compared with the predictions of Monte Carlo Simulations, give an estimation of the position sensitivity of these detectors of about 5 mm FWHM, consistent with the specifications required. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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