| 1. |
- Lipnizki, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Einsatz von Pervaporation-Bioreaktor-Hybridprozessen in der Biotechnologie
- 1998
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Ingår i: Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik. - : Wiley. - 0009-286X .- 1522-2640. ; 70:12, s. 1587-1595
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pervaporation is a membrane separation process with considerable innovative possibilities in the area of biotechnology. Above all, the combination of bioreactor and pervaporation has potential in the longer term as an alternative to conventional batch processes. This article considers the state of the art of pervaporation/bioreactor hybrid processes. The possible applications of such hybrid processes are discussed and compared with conventional processes. It becomes apparent that the use of pervaporation/bioreactor hybrid processes can avoid product inhibition and greatly enhance the productivity of biotechnological processes.
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| 2. |
- Lipnizki, Frank, et al.
(författare)
-
Organophilic pervaporation : Prospects and performance
- 1999
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - 1385-8947. ; 73:2, s. 113-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among the different membrane processes, organophilic pervaporation is one of the most promising technologies for environmental applications. The aim of this paper is to give a thorough introduction to organophilic pervaporation in the context of wastewater treatment. The emerging process of organophilic pervaporation is introduced together with other membrane processes relevant for environmental applications. With regard to the performance of pervaporation, an engineering model is presented which will enable ready assessment of process and module design. Sorption and coupled diffusion are covered in the model. Selection criteria for membranes and transport resistances for the mass transport as key process engineering parameters are included. The influences of permeate pressure and temperature upon performance are discussed and a description of commercial pervaporation modules given. Following a brief description of the hierarchy of waste management practice, guidelines for applying and integrating pervaporation into a process are proposed. The importance of considering hybrid processes is highlighted. A case study for phenol recovery with water treatment to 5 ppm is considered. Finally, present restrictions on the use of pervaporation in wastewater treatment such as (a) the unavailability of appropriate membranes and (b) fouling of the membrane are discussed and approaches to overcome the restrictions are presented.
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| 3. |
- Lipnizki, Frank, et al.
(författare)
-
Pervaporation-based hybrid process : A review of process design, applications and economics
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Journal of Membrane Science. - 0376-7388. ; 153:2, s. 183-210
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pervaporation is one of the developing membrane technologies that can be used for various industrial applications but for a predefined task, the optimal process design is unlikely to consist solely of pervaporation. Often the optimised solution becomes a hybrid process combining pervaporation with one or more other separation technologies. A distinction will be made between hybrid and integrated processes. Hybrid processes are important and consequently need to be considered in process design. This paper focuses on pervaporation-based hybrid processes that have been realised on an industrial scale. Both present and future prospects of applying these process combinations will be reviewed. The emphasis of this paper is, therefore, on pervaporation combined with distillation and with chemical reactors. The economic potential of these hybrid processes is evaluated, for various applications, by cost comparisons between the pervaporation-based hybrid processes and alternative separation processes. Pervaporation-based processes for waste water treatment and biotechnology applications involve other types of pervaporation based hybrid processes and have been excluded from this review. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
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