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- Cernvall, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Experiential avoidance and rumination in parents of children on cancer treatment : relationships with posttraumatic stress symptoms and symptoms of depression
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1068-9583 .- 1573-3572. ; 23:1, s. 67-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted a cross-sectional survey study to investigate whether there is a relationship between experiential avoidance (EA), rumination, post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and symptoms of depression, in parents of children on cancer treatment. Data from 79 parents (55 mothers) of 79 children with a median of three months since their cancer diagnosis were included in cross-sectional analyses. EA and rumination were positively correlated with PTSS and symptoms of depression. EA and rumination did not provide incremental explained variance in PTSS over and above that explained by symptoms of depression, while controlling for symptoms of anxiety and demographic characteristics. However, EA and rumination provided incremental explained variance in symptoms of depression over and above that explained by PTSS, while controlling for symptoms of anxiety and demographic characteristics. Rumination and EA are important constructs in the understanding of PTSS and symptoms of depression in parents of children on cancer treatment. Future research should delineate the temporal relationships between these constructs.
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- Cernvall, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based guided self-help for parents of children diagnosed with cancer : Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: EABCT 2016 Abstract Book. ; , s. 470-470
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: A considerable proportion of parents of children on cancer treatment experience distress such as symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PTSS), depression and anxiety. The purpose was to investigate the long-term efficacy of Internetbased guided self-help for these parents.Methods: 58 parents of children on cancer treatment (median months since diagnosis = 3) were randomized to receive 10 weeks of guided self-help via the Internet or to wait-list (intervention n = 31, wait-list n = 27). The intervention utilized principles from cognitive behavior therapy and included psychoeducation, relaxation training, coping with thoughts and feelings, problem solving, and emotional writing. Weekly support via e-mail was provided. Outcomes included PTSS (PCL-C), depression (BDI-II) and anxiety (BAI) and were assessed at pre and post intervention and at one-year follow-up.Results: 18 participants completed the intervention. 16 participants in the intervention condition and 16 participants in the wait-list condition participated in the one-year follow-up. Intention-to-treat analyses indicated significant time*group interactions for all three outcomes with reductions favoring the intervention group: PCL-C; F = 10.9, < .001, BDI-II; F = 12.0, < .001, BAI; F = 14.6, < .001. At the one-year follow-up there were large between-group effect sizes for all three outcomes (Cohens d 0.8 to 1.1).Conclusions: The high drop-out rate warrants caution in interpretation of the findings. However, Internet-based guided self-help may be an accessible alternative for some parents of children on cancer treatment and findings indicate that short-term efficacy can be maintained in the long term.
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- Cernvall, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Internet‐based guided self‐help for parents of children on cancer treatment : a randomized controlled trial
- 2015
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Ingår i: Psycho-Oncology. - : Wiley. - 1057-9249 .- 1099-1611. ; 24:9, s. 1152-1158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an Internet‐based guided self‐help intervention for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and related symptoms in parents of children on cancer treatment.MethodsParents of children on cancer treatment, who fulfilled the modified symptom criteria on the PTSD Checklist, were randomly allocated to the intervention or to a wait‐list control condition. The intervention group accessed a 10‐week guided self‐help program via the Internet based on principles from cognitve behavior therapy. The primary outcome PTSS and the secondary outcomes depression and anxiety were assessed by self‐report preintervention and postintervention.ResultsSeven hundred forty‐seven parents were approached and informed about the study, 92 were assessed for eligibility, and 58 were included and randomized to the intervention (n = 31) or wait list (n = 27). Eightteen participants completed the intervention. Intention‐to‐treat analyses indicated a significant effect of the intervention on PTSS with a large between‐group effect size at postassessment (Cohen's d = 0.88). The intervention group reported reductions in PTSS with a large within‐group effect size (d = 1.62) compared with a minimal reduction in the wait‐list group (d = 0.09). There was a significant intervention effect on depression and anxiety and reductions in the intervention group with large within‐group effect sizes (d = 0.85–1.09).ConclusionsFindings indicate a low enrollment rate and considerable attrition but also that Internet‐based guided self‐help shows promise for parents of children on cancer treatment who report a high level of PTSS and would like to take part in an Internet‐based intervention.
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- Cernvall, Martin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Posttraumatic stress and attentional bias towards cancer-related stimuli in parents of children recently diagnosed with cancer
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate whether posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are related to attentional bias towards cancer-related stimuli among parents of children recently diagnosed with cancer.Methods: Sixty-two parents completed questionnaires measuring PTSS, depression, and anxiety and the emotional Stroop task via the Internet. The emotional Stroop task included cancer-related words, cardiovascular disease-related words, and neutral words.Results: Participants were split in two groups based on the median of PTSS: High-PTSS and Low-PTSS. There was a significant interaction between word-type and group and a planned contrast test of this interaction indicated that the High-PTSS group had longer response latencies on cancer-related words compared to the other word-type and group combinations.Conclusions: Findings suggest that PTSS are related to attentional bias towards cancer-related stimuli among parents of children recently diagnosed with cancer. Implications of this finding for the understanding of PTSS in this population, future research, and clinical practice are discussed.
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- Cernvall, Martin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Twelve-Month Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Internet-Based Guided Self-Help for Parents of Children on Cancer Treatment
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 19:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A substantial proportion of parents of children on cancer treatment report psychological distress such as symptoms of post-traumatic stress (PTSS), depression, and anxiety. During their child’s treatment many parents also experience an economic burden.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of Internet-based guided self-help for parents of children on cancer treatment.Methods: This study was a parallel randomized controlled trial comparing a 10-week Internet-based guided self-help program, including weekly support from a therapist via encrypted email, with a wait-list control condition. The intervention was based on cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and focused on psychoeducation and skills to cope with difficult thoughts and feelings. Primary outcome was self-reported PTSS. Secondary outcomes were self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, health care consumption, and sick leave during the past month. Outcomes were assessed pre- and postintervention and at 12-month follow-up. Parents of children on cancer treatment were invited by health care personnel at pediatric oncology centers, and parents meeting the modified symptom criteria on the PCL-C were included in the study. Self-report assessments were provided on the Web.Results: A total of 58 parents of children on cancer treatment (median months since diagnosis=3) were included in the study (intervention n=31 and control n=27). A total of 18 participants completed the intervention, and 16 participants in each group participated in the 12-month follow-up. Intention-to-treat analyses revealed significant effects in favor of the intervention on the primary outcome PTSS, with large between-group effect sizes at postassessment (d=0.89; 95% CI 0.35-1.43) and at 12-month follow-up (d=0.78; 95% CI 0.25-1.32). Significant effects in favor of the intervention on the secondary outcomes depression and anxiety were also observed. However, there was no evidence for intervention efficacy on health care consumption or sick leave.Conclusions: Using the Internet to provide psychological interventions shows promise as an effective mode of delivery for parents reporting an increased level of PTSS and who consider Internet-based interventions as a viable option. Future research should corroborate these findings and also develop and evaluate interventions and policies that may help ameliorate the economic burden that parents may face during their child’s treatment for cancer.
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