| 1. |
- Alfredsson, Ludvig, et al.
(författare)
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Product Development Management
- 2011
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Ingår i: Entering the tigers cave – Perspectives on Japanese and Swedish Product Development. - Göteborg : Department of Product and Production Development, Chalmers University of Technology.
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Alrutz, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Projektledning
- 2013
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Projektledning är ett yrke med egen certifiering. Det pågår en spännande utveckling inom området och det blir allt viktigare att hålla sig ajour med utvecklingen.Det övergripande målet med den här handboken är att vara en ständigt aktuell heltäckande bok om projektarbete. Innehållsmässigt täcker den både frågor som har med struktur och styrning att göra och frågor om ledning av människor och mänskliga processer i grupp. Kompetens inom projekt byggs av både kunskap och erfarenhet. Vi följer kontinuerligt aktuell forskning inom dessa områden och bjuder in intressanta forskare att medverka som författare. Vi skildrar verkliga projekt och låter erfarenheterna få plats, både de bästa erfarenheterna och de utmaningar som man tagit sig igenom.Handboken är levande och det innebär att artiklar tas bort för att ge plats för nya, i takt med att den uppdateras fortlöpande.
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| 3. |
- Helms, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Classification of Methods for the Indication of Change Propagation - a Literature Review
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of International Design Conference - Design 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In today’s globalized and competitive world, product development processes need to be innovative, effective and efficient. Engineering changes (EC) are an unavoidable part of product development and are both source of innovation and costs. Every innovation derives from a change, but at the same time unnecessary and late changes can be the reason for sky-rocketing costs [Fricke 2000]. Therefore, companies have to find a balance between having too many changes which are costly and time-consuming, and having too few which might lead to missed opportunities with regards to improving quality and being innovative. One particular aspect of changes in engineering design is their risk of propagating further through the product. Engineering change propagation (ECP) can occur wherever there are dependencies within the product and thus a change to one part of the system will trigger subsequent changes in other parts [Yang 2011]. To tackle the problem of unwanted ECP, various methods that aim at supporting designers with the assessment of alternative change options have been developed in recent years. These methods, however, often apply to different scopes and intend at answering different questions. There are academic papers that include a listing and discussion of the various methods that are out in literature such as the one from Jaratt et al. (2011). Moreover, authors that introduce their own method in their paper often refer to other already existing methods. However, most of these papers not exclusively consider the methods that are able to deal with ECP but rather consider the broader field of EC. Also, there is no classified overview in literature that provides deeper insights into what aspects of the various methods differ or are similar. Having such a classified overview at hand with methods that can handle ECP a quicker comparison and assessment of those methods can take place and can therefore save precious time. Hence, this work’s objective is to find methods that can indicate change propagation and to analyse how these differ to each. Therefore, the research questions to be answered are; (RQ 1) what methods in literature to EC propagation do already exist and (RQ 2) based on the findings from RQ 1, how do the so found methods differ to each other?Based on the definitions from Jarratt et al. [Jarratt 2011] and Conrat [Conrat 1998], ECs are in this work defined as modifications in forms, fits, materials, dimensions, functions, drawings or software of a product or component that has already been released during the production design process. ECs include the connected process changes and can be of any size or type, can involve any people, and can take any length of time. EC propagation, based on Tang et al.’s [Tang 2008] and Koh et al.’s [Koh 2012] definition, originates from the relationships or dependencies between items, such as between components, parameters, functions, etc., and describes the process by which a change to one part or element of an existing system configuration or design results in one or more additional changes to the system, when those changes would not have otherwise been required.
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| 4. |
- Helms, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Procedure Model for the Indication of Change Propagation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of International Design Conference - Design 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engineering changes (EC) occur within the product development and account for up to 50% of its capacities [Lindemann 1998]. Despite the fact that ECs are necessary to improve a product’s quality and that they often are the source for innovation [Fricke 2000], ECs are also costly and bear the risk of propagating further through the product. Propagation occur when a change to one part of the system will trigger subsequent changes in other parts [Yang 2011]. In recent years, many methods on change propagation have been developed which aim at supporting designers assessing alternative change options. These methods, however, often apply to different scopes and intend at answering different questions, which makes it difficult to know which one to choose for one’s own specific situation. For instance, some methods aim at indicating potential change propagation paths so that product designers can see what other components are to be affected in the course of the initiated change, others, on the contrary, aim at calculating the risk for a change to propagate. Some methods are delimited to certain stages during product development such as the conceptual design phase, whereas others can be applied throughout all product development stages. Some methods map physical components, whereas others are able to map functional or parameter linkages in a product, etc. Hence, the methods developed in recent years differ to each other with regards to various aspects such as purpose or expected outcome. This means that, depending on the situation and intention of the product developer, not all methods are equally suitable. Thus, product developers who find themselves in a situation where alternative ways of implementing a change in order to meet the new requirement or to correct faults are available might question themselves what methods are out there that can support them and which of them is the most suitable. Therefore, this work’s objective is to develop a procedure model for product developers that can be used as a guide to decide what method for EC propagation fits best to their specific application environment and shall therefore be chosen.This paper’s definition of ECs is based on the definitions from Jarratt et al. [Jarratt 2011] and Conrat [Conrat 1998]: ECs are modifications in forms, fits, materials, dimensions, functions, drawings or software of a product or component that has already been released during the production design process. ECs include the connected process changes and can be of any size or type, can involve any people, and can take any length of time. This paper’s definition of EC propagation is based on Tang et al.’s [Tang 2008] and Koh et al.’s [Koh 2012] definition: EC propagation originates from the relationships or dependencies between items, such as between components, parameters, functions, etc., and describes the process by which a change to one part or element of an existing system configuration or design results in one or more additional changes to the system, when those changes would not have otherwise been required.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Increased Flow in the Innovation Process - an Assessment Tool
- 2012
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Ingår i: The 5th ISPIM Innovation Symposium - Stimulating Innovation: Challenges for Management, Science & Technology, Seoul, Korea on 9-12 December 2012.. - 9789522653178
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper contributes to Lean Innovation research by formulating an assessment tool for evaluating to what extent an organization is flow-oriented with regards to its innovation activities. The tool was applied during case studies at two large Swedish companies, Saab Aeronautics and Scania, where extensive change programs have been rolled out during recent years. The provided assessment tool consists of success factors formulated as statements for an R&D team, to improve the efficiency and delivery precision in the innovation process. It is based on Lean principles such as customer focus, flow-orientation, visualization, continuous improvement and knowledge transfer. The case studies show that the tool is robust in different contexts and is easy to apply. The assessment tool is perceived as straightforward and quick to put into practice.
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| 7. |
- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Practices supporting knowledge transfer - an analysis of lean product development
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing. - 0951-192X .- 1362-3052. ; 26:12, s. 1128-1135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lean product development is considered by many authors to promote learning and knowledge transfer, but studies that relate lean product development to the understanding drawn from the knowledge management field seem to be lacking. This article establishes a link between the concept of lean product development and the field of knowledge management. The transfer of knowledge within any organisation is recognised as a challenging task and mastering that challenge is increasingly important. Numerous studies show that common knowledge transfer tools such as post-project reviews are problematic, which calls for improved ways of transferring knowledge. By relating Lean principles and methods to the knowledge creation framework developed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (often referred to as the SECI-model), this article suggests that lean product development offers principles and methods that could provide a way of improving knowledge transfer in product development.
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| 8. |
- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Pros and cons of lean visual planning: experiences from four product development organisations
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning. - 1740-2832. ; 7:3/2011, s. 269-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the benefits and limitations of lean visual planning at four technology-based companies. Even though Lean product development is getting increased attention, there are few industrial cases investigated outside Toyota. Benefits identified are efficient communication, shared understanding, ability to prioritise tasks and efficient levelling of workloads. Limitations with the method include using it in geographically scattered teams, storing historical information and seeing causal links. The conclusion is that visual planning constitutes a method that is useful for product development teams that need efficient ways of communicating and coordinating team work.
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| 9. |
- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Task visualization in product development - improved communication for development teams
- 2012
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Ingår i: The R&D Management Conference 2012, May 23-25, Grenoble, France.. - 9780955936746 ; , s. 153-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with how product development teams internally communicate the tasks and the status of the work they are currently occupied with. The product development context is complex and uncertain, and it is crucial that the team can navigate through this environment to perform the tasks successfully. One way to handle this navigation is by visualizing the activities and deliverables to improve the communication of that information within the team. The method “Visual planning” aims to do just that. The method is used by product development teams to continuously monitor and control the tasks by using physical representations of the tasks. It is used by an increasing number of industrial companies, and is at the center of this study. The paper presents the results from a multiple case study of four technology based companies with internal R&D organizations that use Visual planning. The purpose of the study is to investigate the implications of the method on team communication in product development. The analysis shows that the kind of visualization that Visual planning provides encourages communication safety, reflexivity and task communication, three constructs that are positively related to team performance. A more general conclusion is that visualization can be beneficial not only when it comes to communication of product ideas, but also in the monitoring and controlling of tasks on a team level.
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| 10. |
- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983
(författare)
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The "documentation paradox" - on knowledge reuse through document repositories in R&D organizations
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of R&D Management conference 2014, Stuttgart, Germany. - 9783839607466 ; , s. 429-435
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Document repositories are a central tool for large R&D organisations. The purpose of those repositories is to be able to reuse information. Yet, it is common from an engineering perspective to consider them as “black holes”, i.e. countless documents go into them, but the leverage of the stored information is non-obvious. This paper intends to take a more critical stance towards the input of information into the repositories, especially regarding whether there is a clear recipient of the documents, which is not necessarily the case. The conditions for reuse of information are highly dependent on for whom the information is documented, and the recipient is pointed out as crucial in the reuse process. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the document creator’s awarenessof the intended recipient when creating documentation. 35 in-depth interviews with engineers and managers at four large R&D organisations were conducted to investigate the potential for reuse of information. A main finding is that even though it is of great importance for successful information transfer to have a good perception of who the recipient is, a common reason for creating and storingdocumentation in repositories is that the recipient is unknown. In this paper, this is referred to as the “documentation paradox”. As identified in other studies, if the recipient had been known, a personalization approach had been preferred in most cases. The findings contribute empirically to theory on the use of document repositories, and provide R&D managers and Knowledge Management officers with a potential to improve the reuse of information.
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