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- Berglind Söderqvist, Johannes, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Don’t throw the baby out with the bath water - Agile transformation from the trenches
- 2019
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Ingår i: Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large scale agile transformations are based on the premise that agile on an organizational level (i.e. “large-scale agile”) is rooted in the same underlying assumptions as agile on a team-level. This premise however, proves to be problematic according to Rolland, Dingsoyr et al. (2016) who calls for a re-conceptualization of agile at scale. We join this standpoint and aim to contribute to this re-conceptualization by addressing agility beyond transformational enforcement. We study the agile transformation of a large R&D organization of a manufacturer in the automotive industry. We study it from the bottom-up perspective, meaning we follow closely a group of mechanical integration engineers (MIE) and how they are affected by the corporate transformation initiative. This allows us to capture an important aspect of agility – the relation between formality and informality. We find that the group of MIE’s work in line with fundamental agile principles, and have done so since long before the transformation. Interestingly, these ways of working are not formally recognized as agile and are therefore not legitimate in light of the transformation. In light of our empirical findings, we underline the somewhat paradoxical nature of the idea that agile as a self-organizing, post-bureaucratic approach is imposed top-down in a manner insensitive to present ways of working that may be well aligned with the explicit purpose of the very transformation. We suggest using the idea of critical performativity (Spicer, Alvesson et al. 2016) which includes identifying ‘present potentialities’ rather than “faddishly replicating reforms carried out elsewhere” (Spicer, Alvesson et al. 2016 p. 236), as a productive way of conceptualizing ‘agile at scale’ that incorporates the informality of agile practices. Rolland, K., et al. (2016). Problematizing agile in the large: alternative assumptions for large-scale agile development. 39th International Conference on Information Systems, Association for Information Systems (AIS). Spicer, A., et al. (2016). "Extending critical performativity." Human Relations 69(2): 225-249.
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- Berglind Söderqvist, Johannes, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-team coordination in agile development: Learning from non-software contexts
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 2019 IEEE/ACM 12th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering, CHASE 2019. ; May 2019, s. 69-70
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- LAYERED MUTUAL ADJUSTMENT When agile development is introduced in large-scale product development such as that of cars in organizations that previously employed a plan-driven approach there is reason to assume that mutual adjustment has already been employed as a coordination mechanism. Given the scale of such projects, mutual adjustment among work groups through representatives, i.e. layered mutual adjustment, is likely to have occurred in some form. ONGOING RESEARCH AND FINDINGS We currently conduct an ethnographic field study in the product development organization of Volvo Cars that until recently employed a plan-driven approach to product development. We study the Mechanical architecture & integration department (MAI) and their ways of working. At MAI, a hundred mechanical integration engineers (MIE) have the responsibility for continuously ensuring the proper integration of the digital representation of hardware in all the ongoing car projects each of which involves several hundred developers. Starting from project plans and product architecture, they ensure that the product stays consistent across sub-systems and that any technical issues where different sub-systems conflict, are handled and integration of the product ensured. The work carried out at MAI embraces conflict as a part of work, it employs collaborative methods to seek solutions, encourages exploration and creativity and allows design and implementation to be inseparable in the work process. In other words, much of what characterizes a fertile ground for agile work practices. In a given car project, an MIE monitors the integration of parts within a specific ‘chunk’ of the car and identifies present and potential integration issues among sub-systems involved in the ‘chunk’ that are under development by different work groups in the project. She prioritizes among the different issues that need to be solved. Her role has no formal authority attributed to it apart from that yielded by her exclusive overall perspective on the product, one which people working on the different sub-system cannot afford to maintain themselves. She also identifies the people in the organization that need to participate in solving the integration, i.e. representatives of the concerned work groups. She also acts as a facilitator when the work group is gathered, therein playing a mediating role in this form of layered mutual adjustment. CONCLUSION There is potential for advancing the research on inter-team coordination in large-scale agile software development by learning from large-scale product development beyond software. This could generate new ideas and approaches to handle the inter-team coordination challenges entailed by scaling agile development. One such approach that can be drawn from the example provided here is the use of a mediating role in the use of layered mutual adjustment. Moreover, our findings also suggest that the informal practices ongoing in formally plan-driven hardware development may constitute an untapped resource in agile transformation efforts.
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- Berglind Söderqvist, Johannes, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Self-organization of the product and organization relationship – A processual perspective on the mirroring hypothesis
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper builds on several studies of the mirroring hypothesis and specifically develops the idea of an emergent mirroring hypothesis, being the processual mirroring leading towards a one-to-one relationship between the product system and the organization. By assuming that operative product development organizations have an inherent self-organizing capability, we develop a hypothesis of an emergent mirroring process. A process where uncertainty arising from misalignment between the product system and the organization sparks the self-organizing creation of both organizational order and product definition leading to new alignment between the two. Through a participative case study, we provide an illustrative example of how this process is enacted to solve a hardware integration issue spanning across intra-organizational borders and suggest conditions that need to be provided for developers to self-organize the development of product and organizational order.
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- Jagstedt, Siri, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Moving into integrated solutions: Effects on the product development
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International CINet Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focus on servitization of manufacturing companies and investigates what effects the transition towards integrated solutions has on the product development during the early phases of the transition. Based on ten interviews with employees in a manufacturing case company, it is concluded that the product interfaces, the balance between centralized and local development as well as the process of creating a value proposition, are influenced in the product development when moving into providing integrated solutions.
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- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Agile Beyond Software - A Study of a Large Scale Agile Initiative
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED. - : Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Croatia; The Design Society, Glasgow, UK. - 2220-4334 .- 2220-4342. ; 5, s. 2055-2062
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Central to the effectiveness of design teams is how the planning of the design work is organized and coordinated. This paper describes how Saab Aeronautics, a large Swedish developer of jet fighter airplanes, has adopted an agile methodology on a large scale. The paper discusses central mechanisms of agile methodology including development of both software and hardware. The findings indicate two main factors that play an important role in reaching the benefits of agile in a large organization: setting up a system allowing focused team-work and giving the teams an empowered role in planning.
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| 7. |
- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983
(författare)
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Den osynliga processen
- 2015
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Ingår i: Management of Innovation and Technology. - 2001-208X. ; 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983
(författare)
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Using Self-regulation to develop presentation skills in an integrated curriculum in higher education
- 2018
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The focus on developing generic skills in engineering education in parallel with developing domain skills is increasing, perhaps as a response to the increasing demands on the ability of contemporary engineers to communicate within and across knowledge domains. However, the mere addition of such generic skills training to the curriculum seems to fall short. Research shows that the training needs to be an integrated part of the curriculum to get traction, and to improve learning and resource efficiency. This paper describes the development and evaluation of an integrated presentation skills module using a self-regulated learning strategy in an engineering Master’s programme. The qualitative evaluation reveals a number of findings that guide the design of such modules.
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| 9. |
- Lindlöf, Ludvig, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Visual planning in a product development context
- 2015
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Ingår i: R&D Management conference 2015, Pisa, Italy.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product development organizations face increasing uncertainty and in a response to that, they strive to improve their information processing capability. In this endeavour, visualization has proven to be a viable strategy; efforts to visualize products and concepts are increasing along with improving visualization technology. However, visualization has not gotten the same traction when it comes to task communication within development teams. In this study, Visual planning, a method for visual task communication, has been studied through a survey. The purpose is to contrast the different goals and effects of using the method. 321 product development managers were asked to participate in the survey, and 160 did so. Through statistical analysis of the responses, we could conclude that our hypotheses that increased communication within the team would be a significantly more important goal and be significantly more affected by the implementation of Visual planning than other aspects of the method can both be partly confirmed. The analysis also shows that the respondents perceive that Visual planning affects all the potential goals of Visual planning that have been tested in this study positively. This means that Visual planning seems to enhance certain aspects related to communication and coordination such as increased communication, team alignment, earlier problem solving, resource allocation and follow up on activities, but none of these aspects stand out as significantly more or less important than the other aspects.
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| 10. |
- Paulin, Dan, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Innovative course design in higher education: Applying service-dominant logic to an operations management course
- 2016
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Ingår i: 5th World Conference on Production and Operations Management 2016, Havanna, Cuba.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Innovative course design in higher education:Applying service-dominant logic to an operations management courseAbstractPurposeSince the ground-breaking article “Evolving to a New Dominant Logic for Marketing” (Vargo & Lusch, 2004), the service-dominant logic (S-D logic) has received a great deal of attention in particular within marketing, arguing that service is the basis of economic exchange, instead of a focus on goods as outputs. Living in a service and knowledge intense society, the trend towards a focus on services also includes industries formerly focused on products. The trend of servitization, referring to a transition towards an increased focus on services in the overall offering (Vandermerwe & Rada, 1988; Baines & Lightfoot, 2013), affects the way business are made and the operations within the organisation. The S-D logic is argued to correspond well to this service-intense society (Ford & Bowen, 2008), and offers a way to understand value creation where S-D logic argues that service is the process of actually using competences to create benefit for some actor (Vargo & Lusch, 2004).Aligned with this trend in society, we can see development within higher education, e.g. the raise of MOOCs (Sultan, 2014). To respond to societal development, higher education need to adress new requirements and changing expectations from students while providing increased value for students.However, research on S-D logic in higher education is scarce (Kryvinska et al., 2013) and the existing contributions focus on the importance to include S-D logic as a subject into business school courses (e.g. Ford and Bowen, 2008), for example courses in operations management (OM). To our knowledge there are no publications that applies the S-D logic to the design of education rather than to include the subject.This paper aims to bridge this gap by proposing an S-D logic adapted analytical tool for education activities. The analytical tool combines a knowledge dissemination (KD) framework by Paulin (2013) with the foundational premises of S-D logic as described by Vargo and Lusch (2004, 2008). The KD framework consists of five components, or groups of factors influencing how knowledge is disseminated. These components are Actors (including sources and recipients), Media, Content, Context, and Activity. The premises of S-D logic (or the axioms) include “service is the fundamental basis of exchange”, “the customer is always co-creator of value”, “all economic and social actors are resource integrators” and “value is always uniquely and phenomenologically determined by the beneficiary” (Lusch and Vargo, 2014; 15-16).Design/methodology/approachIn this paper we use the activities in one OM course given at Chalmers University of Technology to exemplify how the proposed analytical tool can be applied. The course was selected since it is perceived as a traditionally designed course regarding content and teaching activities.In order to understand formal prerequisites for course design documents covering formal requirements, including Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area (ESG), the Swedish Higher Education Ordinance and programme syllabi, were analysed.Information regarding the particular course design was collected via two semi-structured interviews with the course examiner and one additional teacher and by studying official course documentation including syllabus, lecture material, and examination documents. Triangulation of data was obtained by including the student perspective via analysis of course evaluations plus one group interview with five previous students.FindingsWe have found that when the proposed tool is used to analyse course activities, it highlights potential development areas to better align education activities with S-D logic.We have also found that certain teaching activities such as lectures are limited in their alignment with the S-D logic, while other activities such as experiential learning projects correspond well with the S-D logic. The primary media used in most activities analysed is face-to-face communication which enables alignment with axioms 1 to 3. We have indications based on the examiners’ underlying pedagogical philosophy that the axioms of S-D logic was not consciously followed when the course was originally designed.Relevance/contributionThis paper applies S-D logic to a new setting; design of higher education. One contribution from this paper is to advance the understanding of knowledge dissemination in higher education, through the proposed analytical tool combined of service-dominant logic axioms and a knowledge dissemination framework. Further, the findings offer opportunities for development of higher education activities by, for example, novel and additional approaches to knowledge co-creation and resource integration compared to traditional activities.
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