| 1. |
- Ivanov Öfverholm, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Detailed gene dose analysis reveals recurrent focal gene deletions in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Leukemia & Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 57:9, s. 2161-2170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify copy number alterations (CNAs) in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL), array comparative genomic hybridization was performed on 50 cases; detected CNAs were validated in a cohort of 191 cases analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. Apart from CNAs involving leukemia-associated genes, recurrent deletions targeting genes not previously implicated in BCP ALL, e.g. INIP, IRF1 and PDE4B, were identified. Deletions of the DNA repair gene INIP were exclusively found in cases with t(12;21), and deletions of SH2B3 were associated with intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (p
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| 2. |
- Lundberg, Bertil
(författare)
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Erfarenheter av stigmatisering och diskriminering bland personer med psykisk sjukdom
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis is to 1) investigate the prevalence of stigmatizing experiences and beliefs of devaluation and discrimination among persons with mental illness, and 2) to investigate the relationship between beliefs of devalua¬tion/¬discrimination, rejection experiences and sociodemographic/clinical patient characteristics, social networks, self esteem, empowerment and subjective quality of life. The thesis comprises four papers. Part one of the study was designed as a cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of 200 consumers in current contact with mental health services or with earlier experiences of this. In order to reach subjects with different experiences of mental illness recruitment were made at inpatient and outpatient settings, rehabilitation units and among members of user organizations. This part of the study is presented in paper I-III. In the second part of the study 25 mental health user's who participated in the cross-sectional study were interviewed with regard to experiences of rejection related to their mental illness (Paper IV). Paper I investigates prevalence of rejection experiences and beliefs of devaluation and discrimination and the relationship to sociodemographic and clinical patient charac¬teristics. Except for a few areas, more than half of the participants believed that psychiatric patients might face severe devaluation and discrimination. Almost half of the participants reported that they avoided people, because they felt that they look down on people with mental illness. Paper II examines beliefs of devaluation/¬discrimination, actual rejection experiences, empowerment, social network and the relationship of these factors to subjective quality of life among 150 individuals with mental illness. Paper III compares subgroups with low and high levels of rejection experiences with regard to self-esteem, sense of coherence and empowerment. In summary this thesis shows moderate associations between more frequent rejection experiences and a lower degree of global functioning, a greater number of admissions to inpatient psychiatric care and with current contact with social services (Paper I). In Paper II the factors most prominently related to subjective quality of life were overall empowerment and overall social network. For a subgroup of subjects suffering from psychotic disorders there was a significant negative relationship between subjective quality of life and rejection experiences. Subjects suffering from psychotic disorders also reported more frequent rejection experiences than subjects with affective disorders or other disorders. The main finding in Paper III was that more rejection experiences were associated with lower level of sense of coherence and to a lesser extent, with lower level of empowerment and self-esteem. Paper IV showed that experiences of devaluation and discrimination can be found in many areas, and seemed to result in more constricted social networks, unemployment and reductions of life opportunities.
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| 3. |
- Lundberg, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of rejection by mental health patients - A qualitative study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Health. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 1949-4998 .- 1949-5005. ; 5:10, s. 1553-1560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: People suffering from mental illness and their experiences of attitudes towards them are rarely investigated from the perspective of the individual. The aim was to gain an understanding of how a group of mental health patients experienced social relationships in personal settings as well as in society. Method: Open interviews with twenty-five mental health patients were conducted and analysed with a qualitative content analysis. Result: The essence of the result was that mental health patients’ experiences are still not taken enough into account, neither by mental health professionals nor by their social networks. This was underpinned by four core categories: Patients’ experience of deteriorated and reduced social contacts due to various degrees of acceptance and knowledge of people in general; service users reported on difficulties with social contacts in general, with family relationships, relationships with friends and workmates and with employers; reduced life opportunities were expressed, including violated self-image and poor coping competence and, ambivalent experiences of contact with the mental health services were reported. Conclusion and clinical implication: The present study contributes to the understanding of mental health patients’ experiences of professional services and of their social networks. This knowledge may strengthen the implications of patient-centred care essential for the outcome of the care.
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| 4. |
- Lundberg, Bertil K.
(författare)
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"Jesus är för spanjorerna". Studier av den katolska missionens misslyckande i det tidigkoloniala Peru
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general aim of this study is to investigate the development of the Catholic mission in Peru between 1540 and 1622. Its point of departure is the fact that the efforts of the Catholic Church to Christianize the Indians failed. Its specific aims are twofold. First, to examine the veracity of the traditional images of the mission’s main protagonists, i.e., the priest who allegedly neglected his duties and abused his flock and the reputedly primitive but good-hearted Indian. Second, to examine whether there are only two parties, the priest and the Indian, responsible for the failure of the missionary endeavour. For my study I use “conciliar” sources such as minutes from church meetings (concilia and synods), and “non-conciliar” sources such as reports that were written outside the direct control of the Church, in order to provide different perspectives. In my view, historians like Rubén Vargas Ugarte and Pierre Duviols, both among the most accomplished specialists in the history of the Peruvian Church, have criticised the missionaries without adequately considering the frequently extreme circumstances that conditioned their work. Neither has the role of the Church as an institution been subject to sufficient critical scrutiny in previous research, while I argue that its leadership was indeed the third protagonist in the mission. There are reasons why the priest’s reputation is tarnished. When considered, the physical and mental circumstances of his situation might not excuse him but they do make his behaviour understandable. As far as the passive but benevolently inclined Indian is concerned, he has emerged as more actively opposing and resisting the conversion efforts by, for example, manipulating Spanish legal authorities to the detriment of the priest’s work. Examining the reputation of the priest and the Indian has also helped us see the role that the leadership of the Church played in the mission. The Church was in overall control of the mission, and no doubt its leaders were of great importance to it. However, when the problems and the final failure of the mission became increasingly apparent to all it was obvious that the Church had no interest in being held accountable, instead blaming the lower clergy, the missionaries on the ground. The conclusion of this study is that any discussion about the responsibility for the mission’s problems and final fiasco must include the Church. Its description of the main protagonists of the mission, where it excludes itself and its leaders, has essentially been adopted by Vargas Ugarte and Duviols. In my view they have accepted the portrayal of the priest and the Indian, as presented by the Church in the conciliar material, without applying adequate critical methods and without doing so in the context of the failed mission. Hence, their interpretation of the mission and its main protagonists will have to give way to the one presented in this investigation.
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| 5. |
- Peleli, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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In adenosine A(2B) knockouts acute treatment with inorganic nitrate improves glucose disposal, oxidative stress, and AMPK signaling in the liver
- 2015
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-042X. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Accumulating studies suggest that nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and oxidative stress are central pathological mechanisms in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recent findings demonstrate therapeutic effects by boosting the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, which is an alternative pathway for NO formation. This study aimed at investigating the acute effects of inorganic nitrate on glucose and insulin signaling in adenosine A2B receptor knockout mice (A(2B)(-/-), a genetic mouse model of impaired metabolic regulation. Methods: Acute effects of nitrate treatment were investigated in aged wild-type (WT) and A(2B)(-/-) mice. One hour after injection with nitrate (0.1 mmol/kg, i.p.) or placebo, metabolic regulation was evaluated by intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests. NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide production and AMPK phosphorylation were measured in livers obtained from non-treated or glucose-treated mice, with or without prior nitrate injection. Plasma was used to determine insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and NO signaling. Results: A(2B)(-/-) displayed increased body weight, reduced glucose clearance, and attenuated overall insulin responses compared with age-matched WT mice. Nitrate treatment increased circulating levels of nitrate, nitrite and cGMP in the A(2B)(-/-), and improved glucose clearance. In WT mice, however, nitrate treatment did not influence glucose clearance. HOMA-IR increased following glucose injection in the A(2B)(-/-), but remained at basal levels in mice pretreated with nitrate. NADPH oxidase activity in livers from A(2B)(-/-), but not WT mice, was reduced by nitrate treatment. Livers from A(2B)(-/-) displayed reduced AMPK phosphorylation compared with WT mice, and this was increased by nitrate treatment. Finally, injection with the anti-diabetic agent metformin induced similar therapeutic effects in the A(2B)(-/-) as observed with nitrate. Conclusion: The A(2B)(-/-) mouse is a genetic mouse model of metabolic syndrome. Acute treatment with nitrate improved the metabolic profile in it, at least partly via reduction in oxidative stress and improved AMPK signaling in the liver.
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