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- Colding, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Golf Courses and Wetland Fauna.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ecological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1051-0761 .- 1939-5582. ; 19:6, s. 1481-1491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Golf courses are often considered to be chemical-intensive ecosystems with negative impacts on fauna. Here we provide evidence that golf courses can contribute to the support and conservation of wetland fauna, i.e., amphibians and macroinvertebrates. Comparisons of amphibian occurrence, diversity of macroinvetebrates, and occurrence of species of conservation concern were made between permanent freshwater ponds surveyed on golf courses around Sweden’s capital city, Stockholm, and off-course ponds in natureprotected areas and residential parklands. A total of 71 macroinvertebrate species were recorded in the field study, with no significant difference between golf course ponds and offcourse ponds at the species, genus, or family levels. A within-group similarities test showed that golf course ponds have a more homogenous species composition than ponds in natureprotected areas and ponds in residential parkland. Within the macroinvertebrate group, a total of 11 species of odonates were identified, with no difference detected between the categories of ponds, nor any spatial autocorrelation. Significant differences were found between pond categories in the occurrence of five species of amphibians, although anuran occurrence did not differ between ponds. The great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) was significantly associated with golf course ponds, but the smooth newt (Triturus vulgaris) was not. We found no evidence of any correlation between pond size and occurrence of amphibians. Among the taxa of conservation concern included in the sample, all amphibians are nationally protected in Sweden, with the internationally threatened T. cristatus more frequently found in golf course ponds. Among macroinveterbrates of conservation status, the large white-faced darter dragonfly (Leucorrhinia pectoralis) was only detected in golf course ponds, and Tricholeiochiton fagesi (Trichoptera) was only found in one off-course pond. GIS results revealed that golf courses provide over a quarter of all available permanent, freshwater ponds in central greater Stockholm. We assert that golf courses have the potential to contribute to wetland fauna support, particularly in urban settings where they may significantly contribute to wetland creation. We propose a greater involvement of ecologists in the design of golf courses to further bolster this potential.
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| 2. |
- Sandström, Greger, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term viability of smart home systems - Business modelling and conceptual requirements on technology
- 2005
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Ingår i: Home-Oriented Informatics and Telematics, Proceedings. - 0387251782 ; , s. 71-86
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stockholm during the years 1999-2002 some residential housing units provided with advanced IT-based functions were developed, also called smart homes systems. ne purpose was to offer the residents an augmented living environment mainly regarding security and comfort. Only the IT company that originally developed the basic system fully knows it in depth, a fact which has shown to become very unfavourable for the residents. The running cost, also for minor changes of the functionality of the system, has turned out to be high and prohibiting. Also the contracted regular maintenance requires access to unique competence, which also has become costly. Recently the company has indicated a replacement of the smart homes system with a simpler one based on the Internet. Business models for viable home systems should include the occupancy phase, which to date have been neglected. A crucial issue is who will and can assume long-term responsibility for surveillance, maintenance, and added functionalities over time. This paper will discuss some principal questions and prerequisites regarding business viability in relationship to smart home systems, and its significance for business modelling.
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| 5. |
- Aspholm, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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SabA is the H. pylori hemagglutinin and is polymorphic in binding to sialylated glycans.
- 2006
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Ingår i: PLoS pathogens. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7374 .- 1553-7366. ; 2:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adherence of Helicobacter pylori to inflamed gastric mucosa is dependent on the sialic acid-binding adhesin (SabA) and cognate sialylated/fucosylated glycans on the host cell surface. By in situ hybridization, H. pylori bacteria were observed in close association with erythrocytes in capillaries and post-capillary venules of the lamina propria of gastric mucosa in both infected humans and Rhesus monkeys. In vivo adherence of H. pylori to erythrocytes may require molecular mechanisms similar to the sialic acid-dependent in vitro agglutination of erythrocytes (i.e., sialic acid-dependent hemagglutination). In this context, the SabA adhesin was identified as the sialic acid-dependent hemagglutinin based on sialidase-sensitive hemagglutination, binding assays with sialylated glycoconjugates, and analysis of a series of isogenic sabA deletion mutants. The topographic presentation of binding sites for SabA on the erythrocyte membrane was mapped to gangliosides with extended core chains. However, receptor mapping revealed that the NeuAcalpha2-3Gal-disaccharide constitutes the minimal sialylated binding epitope required for SabA binding. Furthermore, clinical isolates demonstrated polymorphism in sialyl binding and complementation analysis of sabA mutants demonstrated that polymorphism in sialyl binding is an inherent property of the SabA protein itself. Gastric inflammation is associated with periodic changes in the composition of mucosal sialylation patterns. We suggest that dynamic adaptation in sialyl-binding properties during persistent infection specializes H. pylori both for individual variation in mucosal glycosylation and tropism for local areas of inflamed and/or dysplastic tissue.
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| 6. |
- Bergengren, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Nationell musselövervakning : Förslag till val av nationella musselvatten
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett grundläggande förslag ; Miljöövervakningsstrategi för stormusslor ”Utveckling av nationell miljöövervakning för sötvattenslevande stormusslor 2008” har tagits fram under 2008-2009 av Stefan Lundberg, Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, i samarbete med Jakob Bergengren, Länsstyrelsen i Jönköping enligt uppdrag 216 0740. Den 2 oktober 2008 anordnades ett referensgruppsmöte på Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. Deltagare var Jakob Bergengren, Lst-F, Stefan Lundberg och Thomas Lyrholm (del av mötet), NRM, Marie Eriksson, Lst-M, Cecilia Journath-Pettersson, Lst-T, Erik Årnfelt, Lst- E, Oskar Norrgrann, Håkan Söderberg och Frans Olofsson, Lst-Y, samt Håkan Marklund,NV. Vid detta möte beslutades att ta fram ett förslag till val av nationella musselvatten för övervakning utifrån ett upplägg med både trendstationer (undersökning enligt den kompletta undersökningstypen) samt screening (undersökning enligt den s.k. förenklade statusbedömningen). Den 15 januari 2009 träffades referensgruppen igen. Deltagare vid mötet var Jakob Bergengren, Lst-F, Stefan Lundberg, NRM, Marie Eriksson, Lst-M, Cecilia Journath- Pettersson, Lst-T, Helena Herngren, Lst-D, Håkan Söderberg, och Frans Olofsson, Lst-Y,Lena Tranvik, ADb, samt Håkan Marklund och Ulrika Stensdotter-Blomberg, NV. Föreliggande förslag har tagits fram efter synpunkter av ovanstående referensgrupp. Nedan, under ’Förslag – Nationella vatten’, redovisas förslag enligt Trend+Screening. Även det tidigare förslaget (enligt avtal 216 0740), bakgrund till detta, samt urvalskriterier, redovisas.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Carlson, Ola, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of Wind Power by DC-Power Systems
- 2005
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The world climate changing is driving the electric power production towards renewable energy sources. The development of wind turbines has reached the power level of 5 MW and wind farms up to 1000 MW are planned. Investigations have shown that the cost for production of wind energy is in the same level as coal and gas. The large amount of hydro power in the Nordic countries can be used tocompensate for the irregularity of producing wind power in Europe. High voltage direct current connections between Sweden and Germany, with a wind farm between can be a solution in the future.
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| 9. |
- Fors, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood Living Conditions, Socioeconomic Position in Adulthood, and Cognition in Later Life : Exploring the Associations
- 2009
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Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1079-5014 .- 1758-5368. ; 64:6, s. 750-757
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives This study examined the association between childhood living conditions, socioeconomic position in adulthood, and cognition in later life. Two questions were addressed: Is there an association between childhood living conditions and late-life cognition, and if so, is the association modified or mediated by adult socioeconomic position?Methods Nationally representative data of the Swedish population aged 77 years and older were obtained from the 1992 and 2002 Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD). Cognition was assessed with an abbreviated version of the Mini-Mental State Examination scale. Childhood living conditions were assessed by self-reports of childhood living conditions.Results The results showed independent associations between conflicts in the household during childhood, father's social class, education, own social class in adulthood, and cognition in later life. Exposure to conflicts during childhood, having a father classified as a manual worker, low education, and/or being classified as a manual worker in adulthood was associated with lower levels of cognition in old age. There seemed to be no modifying effect of adult socioeconomic position on the association between childhood conditions and cognition in later life.Discussion This suggests the importance of childhood living conditions in maintaining cognitive function even in late life.
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| 10. |
- Fors, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Health inequalities among older adults in Sweden 1991–2002
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 18:2, s. 138-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current research has shown a decline in health amongolder adults in Sweden. This study examines health inequalitiesamong older adults in Sweden in 1991–1992 and 2000–2002and explores the development of these inequalities during thisperiod.Methods: A data set was constructed out of four levelsof living surveys, comprising 4085 individuals aged 55 and above.Multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the associationbetween social class, sex, age and four different domains ofself-reported health: global self-rated health, impaired mobility,musculoskeletal pain and psychological distress. Adjustmentswere made for period of interview. Interaction terms were alsoused to assess change over time. Levin's attributable risk wasused to assess the magnitude of the health inequalities.Results:The results indicate an increase in reports of all specifichealth problems, but not in the global health measure duringthe period. Significant sex differences and a clear social gradientin health were discernible during both periods. Women were morelikely than men to report problems with impaired mobility, painand psychological distress. Manual workers were significantlymore likely than non-manuals to report problems in all fourdomains of health. However, both the sex differences and thesocial gradient seemed to remain constant during the period.Conclusion: Although it seems there are significant differencesin health depending on sex and social class among older adultsin Sweden, these inequalities appear to be unaffected by thegeneral increase in ill health that has been observed in thesegroups over the last decade.
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