| 1. |
- Grundberg, Karl-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Fördelning av kolpoolsförändringar på olika skogstyper
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att kunna redovisa kolpoolsförändringar i levande biomassa uppdelat på olika skogstyper kopplades databaserna GreenbaseWeb, som används för Sveriges klimatrapportering, ihop med RT-bas, som utgör Riksskogstaxeringens (RT) viktigaste databas. Den totala skogsmarksarealen summerad per skogstyp i RT-bas överensstämde med total rapporterad skogsmarksareal under Sveriges klimatrapportering baserat på GreenbaseWeb. Detta gällde även förändring av levade trädbiomassa som utgör den viktigaste kolpoolen i Sveriges klimatrapportering för Skog- och marksektorn (LULUCF). I förlängningen möjliggör kopplingen mellan dessa databaser många möjligheter till alternativa skärningar av resultatredovisningen för LULUCF.Resultaten visar att 26 % eller 7,3 Mha av totalt 28,1 Mha skogsmark 2016 var undantagen från skogsbruk för virkesproduktion baserat på Riksskogstaxeringen (formellt skydd, frivilliga avsättningar och improduktiv skogsmark). Så kallade hänsynsytor räknas inte till undantagen areal i denna studie och redovisas under skogsmark för virkesproduktion. Nettoupptaget 2016 i levande biomassa var störst i skogar för virkesproduktion: -24 Mton CO2/år eller 77 % av det totala nettoupptaget om -31 Mton CO2/år. Eftersom Riksskogstaxeringen baseras på fem omdrev med vardera en femårig inventeringscykel så kan redovisningen klassificeras som ett medeltal och därför kan faktiska årliga variationer vara relativt stora beroende på avverkningsnivå och variationer i tillväxt enskilda år.De största nettoupptagen per areal återfanns på produktiv skogsmark för virkesproduktion och frivilliga avsättningar. Det förra beror på att den totala tillväxten är stor i dessa brukade skogar och dessutom större än avverkningen, och det senare på att de frivilliga avsättningarna är biologiskt unga och därmed har en relativt hög tillväxt. Med tiden förväntas nettoupptaget för frivilliga avsättningar att gå mot noll.Levande biomassa har nästan alla år från 1990-2016 utgjort ett nettoupptag för Götaland, Svealand, Södra Norrland och Norra Norrland med två undantag. I samband med stormarna 2005 och 2007 bidrog Götaland med ett nettoutsläpp som delvis tycks ha kompenserats av större nettoupptag i andra regioner.
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| 2. |
- Petersson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Kolsänkan av levande biomassa i fjällnära skog
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study focuses on facts about the role of the forests, near the mountains in the northwestern part of Sweden, from a climate perspective. This refers to the net removal in living tree biomass while the substitution effect is omitted. The area-based (design based) estimates are based on data from the Swedish National Forest Inventories permanent sample plots in two areas close to the mountains. The first area refers to the above limit for forests close to the mountains (above GFS) according to the Swedish Forest Agency and the second according to a map layer that is considered important of protection for biodiversity reasons according to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA). Of the 8.1 Mha of land above the limit for forests close to mountains, 3.1 Mha is forest land, of which 1.7 Mha is formally protected forest land. Productive forest land used for timber production amounts to less than 0.5 Mha. For both formally protected forest land and non-formally protected forest land, living biomass constitutes a net uptake of -1 Mton CO2 / year during the period 1990-2016 on a reasonably similar area. If all forest land above GFS is excluded from timber production, the short-term increase in net removal in the forest will be approximately -0.4 Mton CO2 / year, which corresponds to harvest. Then we do not expect any substitution effect and believe that other carbon pools (dead wood, soil, litter and the carbon pool harvested wood products) in the short term are not affected by the stopping of felling. The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency has selected an area close to the mountains where two thirds comprise forest land. No land is formally protected. Of approximately 1.0 Mha of forest land, 0.39 Mha was assessed as forest land for timber production. The net uptake in living biomass of forest land amounted to approximately -1 Mton CO2 / year during the period. On productive forest land for timber production, the net uptake was approximately -0.6 Mton CO2 / year during the period. If all forest land according to the map layer is excluded from timber production, the short-term increase in net removal in the forest will be approximately -0.1 Mton CO2 / year, which corresponds to harvest. Then we do not expect any substitution effect and believe that other carbon pools in the short term are not affected by the stopping of felling.The study focuses on facts about the role of the forests, near the mountains in the northwestern part of Sweden, from a climate perspective. This refers to the net removal in living tree biomass while the substitution effect is omitted. The area-based (design based) estimates are based on data from the Swedish National Forest Inventories permanent sample plots in two areas close to the mountains. The first area refers to the above limit for forests close to the mountains (above GFS) according to the Swedish Forest Agency and the second according to a map layer that is considered important of protection for biodiversity reasons according to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA). Of the 8.1 Mha of land above the limit for forests close to mountains, 3.1 Mha is forest land, of which 1.7 Mha is formally protected forest land. Productive forest land used for timber production amounts to less than 0.5 Mha. For both formally protected forest land and non-formally protected forest land, living biomass constitutes a net uptake of -1 Mton CO2 / year during the period 1990-2016 on a reasonably similar area. If all forest land above GFS is excluded from timber production, the short-term increase in net removal in the forest will be approximately -0.4 Mton CO2 / year, which corresponds to harvest. Then we do not expect any substitution effect and believe that other carbon pools (dead wood, soil, litter and the carbon pool harvested wood products) in the short term are not affected by the stopping of felling. The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency has selected an area close to the mountains where two thirds comprise forest land. No land is formally protected. Of approximately 1.0 Mha of forest land, 0.39 Mha was assessed as forest land for timber production. The net uptake in living biomass of forest land amounted to approximately -1 Mton CO2 / year during the period. On productive forest land for timber production, the net uptake was approximately -0.6 Mton CO2 / year during the period. If all forest land according to the map layer is excluded from timber production, the short-term increase in net removal in the forest will be approximately -0.1 Mton CO2 / year, which corresponds to harvest. Then we do not expect any substitution effect and believe that other carbon pools in the short term are not affected by the stopping of felling.
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| 3. |
- Suneson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Omega-3 fatty acids for inflamed depression - A match/mismatch study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. - 1090-2139. ; 118, s. 192-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite decades of research on the pathophysiology of depression, the development of new therapeutic interventions has been slow, and no biomarkers of treatment response have been clinically implemented. Several lines of evidence suggest that the clinical and biological heterogeneity among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has hampered progress in this field. MDD with low-grade inflammation - "inflamed depression" - is a subtype of depression that may be associated with a superior antidepressant treatment response to anti-inflammatory compounds. Omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has anti-inflammatory properties, and preliminary data suggest that it may be particularly efficacious in inflamed depression. In this study we tested the hypothesis that add-on EPA has greater antidepressant efficacy in MDD patients with high baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) compared to MDD patients with low hs-CRP. All subjects received 2.2 g EPA, 400 mg docosahexaenoic acid and 800 mg of other fatty acids daily for 8 weeks, added to stable ongoing antidepressant treatment. The primary outcome was change in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17). Patients and raters were blind to baseline hs-CRP status. In an intention-to-treat analysis including all subjects with at least one post baseline visit (n = 101), ahs-CRPcut-off of ≥1 mg/L, but not ≥3 mg/L, was associated with a greater improvement in HAMD-17 total score. In addition to a general antidepressant effect among patients with hs-CRP ≥ 1 mg/L, adjuvant EPA treatment improved symptoms putatively related to inflamed depression such as fatigue and sleep difficulties. This adds to the mounting evidence that delineation of MDD subgroups based on inflammation may be clinically relevant to predict treatment response to anti-inflammatory interventions.
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