| 1. |
- Blumenthal, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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LINUS. LINköpingsUnderSökningen : Ett fonologiskt testmaterial från 3 år
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- När ett barn med misstänkta tal‐ och språkavvikelser kommer till logoped för bedömning är det viktigt att samtliga aspekter av tal och språk beaktas. Under de år som svensk logopedi har vuxit fram, har ett flertal instrument för bedömning av barn tal‐ och språk tagits fram. Ett av dessa, Stora fonemtestet, som skapades i mitten av 1980‐talet, har länge varit det enda vitt spridda testet av barns fonologi i landet. Testet fanns under flera år inte att beställa på förlag, vilket var ett av motiven till arbetet med att ta fram ett nytt fonologiskt bedömningsmaterial. Ett annat var att Enheten för logopedi vid Linköpings universitet sedan 2010 ingår i en större multicenterstudie av avvikande fonologi i olika språk. Inom ramen för detta projekt och genom några magisterarbeten i logopedi har ett nytt fonologiskt bedömningsmaterial, LINUS, skapats. Vår förhoppning är att materialet skall vara ett användbart verktyg för att samla in data vid utredning av tal‐ och språkförmåga hos barn.
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| 2. |
- Ericsson, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Tonsillotomy versus tonsillectomy on young children : 2 year post surgery follow-up
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1916-0216. ; 43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To study the long-term effect of tonsillotomy and tonsillectomy in young children after two years in comparison to the results after six months. Method: Children, age 4-5 with Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) and tonsil hyperplasia, were randomized to TE (32) or TT (35). TT was performed ad modum Hultcrantz with radiofrequency technique (Ellman). An adenoidectomy with cold steel was performed in the same session for 80% of cases. The patients were assessed prior to surgery, at six and 24 months postoperatively. Effects of surgery were evaluated clinically, through questionnaire (general health/snoring/ENT-infections), Quality of Life (QoL), survey of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea with OSA-18, and childrens behavior with the Child Behavior Checklist. Results: After two years there was still no difference between the groups with respect to snoring and frequency or severity of upper airway infections. Both TT and TE had resulted in large improvement in short and long term QoL and behavior. Three TT-children and one TE child had been re-operated due to recurrence of obstructive problems, the TE-child and one of the TT-children with adenoidectomy and two of the TT-children with tonsillectomy. Three of the TT-children had tonsil tissue protruding slightly out of the tonsil pouch and twelve TE-children had small tonsil remnants within the tonsil pouches, but with no need for surgery. Conclusion: Younger children have a small risk of symptom-recurrence requiring re-surgery within two years after TT. For the majority, the positive effect on snoring, infections, behavior and quality of life remain and is similar to TE.
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| 3. |
- Ericsson, Elisabeth, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Tonsillotomy versus tonsillectomy on young children : 2 year post surgery follow-up
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery. - London, United Kingdom : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1916-0216. ; 43:26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To study the long-term effect of tonsillotomy and tonsillectomy in young children after two years in comparison to the results after six months.Method: Children, age 4-5 with Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) and tonsil hyperplasia, were randomized to TE (32) or TT (35). TT was performed ad modum Hultcrantz with radiofrequency technique (Ellman). An adenoidectomy with cold steel was performed in the same session for 80% of cases. The patients were assessed prior to surgery, at six and 24 months postoperatively. Effects of surgery were evaluated clinically, through questionnaire (general health/snoring/ENT-infections), Quality of Life (QoL), survey of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea with OSA-18, and children’s behavior with the Child Behavior Checklist.Results: After two years there was still no difference between the groups with respect to snoring and frequency or severity of upper airway infections. Both TT and TE had resulted in large improvement in short and long term QoL and behavior. Three TT-children and one TE child had been re-operated due to recurrence of obstructive problems, the TE-child and one of the TT-children with adenoidectomy and two of the TT-children with tonsillectomy. Three of the TT-children had tonsil tissue protruding slightly out of the tonsil pouch and twelve TE-children had small tonsil remnants within the tonsil pouches, but with no need for surgery.Conclusion: Younger children have a small risk of symptom-recurrence requiring re-surgery within two years after TT. For the majority, the positive effect on snoring, infections, behavior and quality of life remain and is similar to TE.
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| 4. |
- Graf, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Tonsillotomy with RF on young children with obstructive sleep disorder in ashort and long term perspective. Does the risk for recurrence balance the gain ofless surgical trauma and morbidity?
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES To compare two methods of tonsil surgery with respect to long term effect in a group of pre-school children METHODS 67 pre-school children, age 4-5 with symptoms of tonsillar hyperplasia were randomized to conventional tonsillectomy,TE,(n: 32) or tonsillotomy using radio frequency technique,TT(n:35). 28 TT patients and 25 TE patients underwent adenoidectomy at the same occasion. 5 TT and 1 TE had already undergone an adenoidectomy. Six months and two years after surgery all children were evaluated through questionnaires including the OSA-18 quality of life survey and two years after surgery they were again evaluated by an ENT-specialist, speech therapist and dentist. RESULTS The TT-children experienced less pain from the first day after surgery and were free from pain three days earlier than the TE-children. Six months after surgery there was no difference between the groups concerning snoring and frequency and severity of upper airway infections. After two years, three of the 35 TT-children and one of the TE children had been reoperated due to recurring obstructive problems, the TEchild and one of the TT-children with adenoidectomy, two TT-children with tonsillectomy. The otherchildren did not snore and no increased tendency towards infections was noted in any child. Evaluation with VAS before/two years after surgery was 8,4/1,3 for TE and 8,5/1,6 for TT.(Median). The total OSA-18 score and the scores for all domains within OSA 18 showed significant improvement after surgery for both groups of children(p<.0001) in short- and long term scores. Three of the TT-children had some tonsillar tissue protruding from the tonsillar cleft and half of the TEchildren had small tonsillar remains in the tonsillar clefts. CONCLUSIONS Young children in an age with rapid immunological development have a six percent risk of recurrence of tonsil hyperplasia-related obstructive symptoms within two years after tonsillectomy, and may need to be reoperated. This risk should be weighed against the much lower postoperative morbidity of tonsillotomy as compared to tonsillectomy.ral
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Lundeborg Hammarström, Inger, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Acoustic and perceptual aspects of vocal function in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy : effects of surgery
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Voice. - New York, USA : Mosby-Elsevier. - 0892-1997 .- 1873-4588. - 9789173933339 ; 26:4, s. 480-487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate outcome of two types of tonsil surgery (tonsillectomy [TE] + adenoidectomy or tonsillotomy [TT] + adenoidectomy) on vocal function perceptually and acoustically.Study Design: Sixty-seven children, aged 50–65 months, on waiting list for tonsil surgery were randomized to TE (n = 33) or TT (n = 34). Fifty-seven age- and gender-matched healthy preschool children were controls. Twenty-eight of them, aged 48–59 months, served as control group before surgery, and 29, aged 60–71 months, served as control group after surgery.Methods: Before surgery and 6 months postoperatively, the children were recorded producing three sustained vowels (/ɑ/, /u/, and /i/) and 14 words. The control groups were recorded only once. Three trained speech and language pathologists performed the perceptual analysis using visual analog scale for eight voice quality parameters. Acoustic analysis from sustained vowels included average fundamental frequency, jitter percent, shimmer percent, noise-to-harmonic ratio, and the center frequencies of formants 1–3.Results: Before surgery, the children were rated to have more hyponasality and compressed/throaty voice (P < 0.05) and lower mean pitch (P < 0.01) in comparison to the control group. They also had higher perturbation measures and lower frequencies of the second and third formants. After surgery, there were no differences perceptually. Perturbation measures decreased but were still higher compared with those of control group (P < 0.05). Differences in formant frequencies for /i/ and /u/ remained. No differences were found between the two surgical methods.Conclusion: Voice quality is affected perceptually and acoustically by adenotonsillar hypertrophy. After surgery, the voice is perceptually normalized but acoustic differences remain. Outcome was equal for both surgical methods.
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| 7. |
- Lundeborg Hammarström, Inger, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of adenotonsillar hypertrophy on /s/-articulation in children-effects of surgery
- 2011
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - New York, USA : Informa Healthcare. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 36:3, s. 100-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tonsillar hypertrophy is common in young children and affects several aspects of the speech such as distortions of the dento-alveolar consonants. The study objective was to assess s-articulation, perceptually and acoustically in children with tonsillar hypertrophy and compare effects of two types of surgery, total tonsillectomy and tonsillotomy. Sixty-seven children, 50-65 months, on waiting list for surgery, were randomized to tonsillectomy or tonsillotomy. The speech material was collected pre-operatively and six months post-operatively. Two groups of age-matched children were controls. /S/-articulation was affected acoustically with lower spectral peak locations and perceptually with less distinct /s/-production before surgery, in comparison to controls. After surgery /s/-articulation was normalized perceptually, but acoustic differences remained. No significant differences between surgical methods were found.
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| 8. |
- Lundeborg Hammarström, Inger, 1956-
(författare)
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Oral Motor Function, Voice, Speech and Language in Children with Tonsillar Hypertrophy in Relation to Surgical Outcome
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis was two-fold: first, to evaluate four different functional aspects of the speech and language spectrum; oral-motor function, voice, /s/-articulation and phonology in preschool children with tonsillar hypertrophy before and after surgical treatment. The second aim was to investigate weather the outcome of surgery was equal for two surgical techniques; tonsillectomy or tonsillotomy combined with adenoidectomy when necessary. In all included publications (I-IV), 67 children on waiting list for tonsil surgery and randomized to either tonsillectomy (33) or tonsillotomy (34) participated. The children were assessed and audio-recorded within a month before surgery and six months postoperatively. Results were compared to age-matched control groups.In the first study, oral motor function was assessed using the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening, NOT-S, consisting of a structured interview and a clinical examination. Before surgery, the children in the study group differed in all domains of the structured interview in comparison to age-matched controls and in the clinical examination regarding the parameters deviant lip position and trouble nose-breathing. Postoperatively oral motor functions were normalized in both surgical groups and no differences to age matched controls were observed. In study two, recordings of three sustained vowels (/α , u, i/) and 14 words elicited by picture naming were analysed both perceptually and acoustically. Compared to the controls, significant differences were found in the study group preoperatively with higher ratings on Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) for the voice quality parameters “hyponasality” and “compressed/throaty” and also lower for pitch. Significantly higher values on all studied perturbation measures (jitter, shimmer and Noise to Harmonics Ratio) were found. Regarding center frequencies of formants, the study groups had lower F3 values for /u / and also lower F2 and F3 for / i / compared to age-matched controls. After surgery there were no significant differences between the perceptual ratings of voice quality of the two surgical groups and there were no significant differences between the children in the surgical groups and the corresponding controls. The acoustic analyses showed a decrease in all the measures of perturbation for the study group after surgery with a slight difference between the two surgical groups. The children in the tonsillotomy group had higher shimmer value for /u/ and higher NHR for /α/. In comparison to the older controls significantly higher values were found an all perturbation measures and the difference seen regarding formant frequencies for the /i/-sound in comparison to controls still remained. The significantly lower third formant (F3) of the /u/-sound also remained. When comparing pre- versus postoperative results for the surgical group as a whole, a decrease was found on all perturbation measures postoperatively, however the differences were not statistically significant. A significant increase was found in formant 3 for /α/ and /u/ was found.The material used in the third study were speech samples containing the /s/-sound and elicited by picture naming and sentence repetition. Before surgery the study group was rated to have more indistinct /s/-sounds than agematched controls. The acoustic analyses showed that the study group had lower spectral peak values for the /s/-sound than controls. After surgery the operated children’s /s/-production did not differ perceptually from the older controls, neither as a whole group nor when divided according to surgical methods. Regarding the acoustic analyses however, the study groups differed from the age-matched control group showing that noise duration was longer and the peak location higher in the study groups.In study four, a Swedish phonology test was performed and transcribed phonetically. The transcription of each child was analyzed in terms of phonological processes and categorized into one of six developmental stages according to the model developed by Nettelbladt (1983) and adapted by Sahlén, Reuterskiold-Wagner, Nettelbladt & Radeborg (1999). A majority of the children in the study group (62.7 %) showed a slowed phonological development preoperatively (developmental stages 0-4), compared to the age-matched control group. Postoperatively the children in both surgical groups had improved their phonological skills. However, they were still behind in comparison to age-matched controls and the difference was even larger than before surgery.The results of this thesis project have clinical relevance for both speech and language pathologists (SLP’s) and ear-nose and throat-surgeons (ENT-surgeons). SLP’s must be aware of the potential impact of tonsillar hypertrophy on oral-motor function and the speech and language spectrum to be able to help affected children adequately and ENT- surgeons should include oral motor and speech and language problems as additional indications for tonsillar surgery.
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| 9. |
- Lundeborg Hammarström, Inger, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Oral sensorimotor function in typically developing children 3 to 8 years old as assessed by the Nordic orofacial test, NOT-S
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of medical speech-language pathology. - 1065-1438. ; 21:1, s. 51-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Oral senorimotor development is the basis for several vital functions for the child, hence orofacial dysfunction may be severely disabling. Recently, a comprehensive screening instrument assessing different aspects of orofacial function in adults and children age three and up was developed, the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S). The aim of the present study was to establish developmental profiles of orofacial function for children 3 to 7:11 years old using NOT-S methods: A total of 231 typically developing children 3:0 to 7:11 years old were included. Data were compiled from previous investigations. Comparisons across ages and gender were made.Results: The total NOT-S score was below two for 58% (133) of all children in the study.There was a clear trend of lower total NOT-S score with increased age according to a best linear fit regression, R2= .81, p = .014. The number of children without any score on NOT-S increases dramatically for the seven-year-old children, 44% compared to 20% or lower for the other age groups. Boys had statistically significant higher scores than girls on the total NOT-S score and also for the clinical examination according to a Mann-Whitney U-test, p<.000 for both cases.
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| 10. |
- Lundeborg Hammarström, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Voice onset time in Swedish children and adults
- 2012
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Ingår i: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 37:3, s. 117-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Voice onset time (VOT) is a temporal acoustic parameter, which reflects the timing of speech motor control. The objective of the work was to obtain normative VOT data in Swedish children. Thus, 150 children aged 8-11 years old and 36 adults were audio-recorded when producing the plosives in minimal pairs. Measures were made using waveforms and spectro-grams. Results show that Swedish children developed adult-like VOT values between 9 and 10 years. By the age of 10 years prevoicing was also found to be completely adultlike in length. The results indicate that all Swedish adults do not produce voiced plosives with prevoicing. No evident gender differences were found. The obtained VOT values can be used as normative data when assessing children with speech and language disorders.
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