| 1. |
- Brödje, Anders, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring non-technical miscommunication in vessel traffic service operation
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Cognition, Technology and Work. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-5558 .- 1435-5566. ; 15:3, s. 347-357
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vessel traffic services (VTS) are maritimetraffic monitoring systems used in port approaches, confinedor congested waters. VTS operators (VTSOs) monitor aspecific geographical area and support and direct ships thatsail through the area, primarily making the navigatingofficer or pilot of each ship aware of the current trafficsituation, local weather and geographical conditions. Weused an interactive mid-fidelity simulation as a knowledgeeliciting tool to explore the work situation of VTSOs.During the simulation, VTSOs from a VTS centre inSweden ran a scenario based on a normal traffic situation intheir local fairway. Results indicate that the VTSOs, eventhough they are well aware of crucial events in the fairway,at times choose not to inform navigating officers or pilotsof these safety aspects apart from when subject to protocol.The present paper put forward elements behind this form ofmiscommunication and presents results indicating that themajor contributing factor is the VTSOs’ anticipation ofnegative attitudes between working groups participating inthe VTS system and the lack of sufficient regulation withregard to the role and responsibilities of VTSOs.
|
|
| 2. |
- Lundh, Monica, 1961
(författare)
-
A Life on the Ocean Wave - Exploring the interaction between the crew and their adaption to the development of the work situation on board Swedish merchant ships
- 2010
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ABSTRACTWorking on board merchant ships implies being a part of an isolated context in a multi-cultural arena and spending a lot of time away from family and friends. The shipping industry has during the latest decades undergone major changes due to technical development, automation and increased requirements for profitability and competitiveness. The consequences of these changes have been reduced manning on board, changes in task performance and new tasks to perform. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the interplay between the ship, the technological system on board and the human system in order to understand how the developments in the shipping industry during the latest decades has affected the working conditions and well being of the sea farers and in particular the engine officers.The results given in this thesis indicate that the engine crew has to adapt to the suboptimal prerequisites given by the technical and hull system in order to be able to perform their tasks as the prevailing knowledge in ergonomics is not being fully utilized in the design of the engine department. The consequences are less favourable behaviours which enhance the risk of injuries and enforce less effective accomplishment of the tasks. The engine officers also report an elevated level of stress and role conflict but no elevated levels of mental ill-health. However, it does not seem as the job content or qualification levels are the main source of work stress. Rather, as indicated by the highly elevated role conflict, the often contradicting requirements raised on the shipping operation seem to often create conflicts for the engine officers. They are supposed live up to their professional standards on shipping and at the same operate the ship with the reduced crew numbers at high speed to satisfy the requirements for profitability.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Lundh, Monica, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Evacuation in Practice - Observations from Five Full Scale Exercises
- 2010
-
Ingår i: WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs. - 1651-436X .- 1654-1642. ; 9:2, s. 137-151
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evacuating a ship is a difficult task which normally is performed under severe anddemanding conditions, exposing both crew members and passengers on board to anextreme and demanding situation. To be prepared for an incident happening on boardand shouldering this responsibility is part of the everyday reality of the crew members’work situation. This study reports the results from observations made on board fivepassenger ships performing full scale exercises with participants acting as passengers.The results pointed out four problem areas; the safety organization, the ability to performtasks, the handling of life vests and communication. These areas represented anuncertainty in the requirements associated with the crew members’ role in the safetyorganization implied. There was also evidence of difficulties in the crews’ performing ofdifferent tasks, problems with donning life vests and insufficient communication. Thecrew member groups on board differ in their skills and knowledge to handle an evacuationsituation. These groups need to be studied separately and systematically in order todetermine how they comprehend their work situation and what their needs of preparationand training are in order to feel content with meeting the demands of their role inthe safety organization.
|
|
| 5. |
- Lundh, Monica, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Visualizing design problems and solutions of workstations on ships
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 9783642391811 ; 8026:PART 2, s. 252-260, s. 252-260
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevailing knowledge of ergonomics is not always taken into consideration while designing ships or introduced too late for it to be effective. Studies have shown that improvements of the working environment can be done with small efforts. Dissemination of research results is not always straight forward or effective due to failure to present research findings in appropriate and accessible forms for different audiences Research suggests that an interactive and explorative learning experience should be supported by technology like web resources. To reach the end users involved in the design of ships, the aim of the current study was to design and evaluate a prototype of an interactive multimedia module. The results showed good scores considering the usability aspects learning, understanding and meaningfulness. A Multimedia module like this can serve two purposes; create a learning situation and be used as a channel through which research results can be disseminated.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lundh, Monica, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Working conditions in the engine department - A qualitative study among engine room personnel on board Swedish merchant ships
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 42:2, s. 384-390
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The specific problems associated with the work on board within the merchant fleet are well known andhave over the years been a topic of discussion. The work conditions in the engine room (ER) aredemanding due to, e.g. the thermal climate, noise and awkward working postures. The work in theengine control room (ECR) has over recent years undergone major changes, mainly due to the introductionof computers on board. In order to capture the impact these changes had implied, and also toinvestigate how the work situation has developed, a total of 20 engine officers and engine ratings wereinterviewed. The interviews were semi-structured and Grounded Theory was used for the data analysis.The aim of the present study was to describe how the engine crew perceive their work situation andworking environment on board. Further, the aim was to identify areas for improvements which theengine crew consider especially important for a safe and effective work environment. The result of thestudy shows that the design of the ECR and ER is crucial for how different tasks are performed. Designwhich does not support operational procedures and how tasks are performed risk inducing inappropriatebehaviour as the crew members’ are compelled to find alternative ways to perform their tasks in order toget the job done. These types of behaviour can induce an increased risk of exposure to hazardoussubstances and the engine crew members becoming injured.
|
|
| 7. |
- Lützhöft, Margareta, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Onboard ship management overview system - an information sharing system on board
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Transactions of the Royal Institute of Naval Architects. - 0035-8967. ; 155:C1, s. 11-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to increasing information and communication systems on board ships, we recognise that communication within the she ship and between ships or ship-shore must be optimised. With fewer crew members on-board coordination is more important and the voyage management can be optimised for demands on for example energy efficiency, safety and on-board resource use and availability (e.g. crew members). A pilot study shows that large interactive surfaces have promise for supporting the coordination of the voyage planning and execution.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Mallam, Steven, 1987, et al.
(författare)
-
Ship engine control room design: Analysis of current human factors & ergonomics regulations & future directions
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 1071-1813 .- 2169-5067. ; , s. 521-525
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A ships' engine control room (ECR) is of central importance to the engine department and overall vessel operation. Modern day ships are becoming increasingly technologically sophisticated and computerization has a growing presence in the engine department. A large portion of marine engineering duties are now dedicated to remotely managing equipment from the ECR. In order to optimize control room design and layout from a user-centered perspective numerous safety-critical industries have implemented mandatory regulations which utilize human factors and ergonomics (HF&E) knowledge. However, shipping's highest governing body, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) currently lacks regulatory support in this area. This paper examines international mandatory regulations and non-mandatory guidelines regarding the human element which influence ECR design. Analysis reveals that a disconnect exists between the regulations which specify ship design criteria and those which specify seafarer training competencies and safe operational procedures. From a regulatory perspective ECR design does not support ECR operation. Assessment of current regulatory gaps establishes a base for developing engine department-specific HF&E applications. Safer shipping practices can be fostered by facilitating operational demands through work environment design. However, due to the complexity of international shipping laws mandatory regulations are the only way to ensure effective implementation.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
