| 1. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Practising Peer Review in Organizations: a Qualifier for Knowledge Dissemination and Legitimization
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Information Technology. - London : SAGE Publications. ; 16:2, s. 99-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A key issue in many organizations is how to disseminate information in an effective way and, more importantly, how to make use of this information in order to create new knowledge. One way of addressing this problem is to focus on how information is socially transformed into knowledge. This includes how knowledge is handled in practice and how the knowledge produced is quali ed as being something worth knowing and acting upon. Two well-established practices for doing this are the refereeing system and the peer review process. These are used in scienti c communities as a means of validating and legitimating knowledge, for example by reviewing journal papers before publishing or project proposals before granting funds, etc. This paper argues that peer review is a useful concept when looking at knowledge creation and legitimization in organizations. The social meaning of peer review is to legitimize new knowledge by organizationally sanctioning it and thereby creating a platform for collective sense making. This paper uses an example from a eld study in a pharmaceutical company in order to illustrate this argument. The study took place in a quality support department where the quality of health care products and processes was assessed. The organization had a need for fast and reliable updating of information that could in uence how the production process of pharmaceuticals should be carried out. In order to cope with these problems the department established an ‘evaluation loop’, which shared several characteristics with the peer review process.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bernheim, Bo-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Organizational Performance Understanding Management Mindsets and Work Practice
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IRIS27 2004.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces the concept of Organizational Performance (OP). Werefer to OP as a management concept, which further develops the research andpractise within Knowledge Management (KM). Our implications suggest Empowerment as a complementary concept to KM. Based upon a practitioner'sreflections on different OP-related problems identified from different consultancy projects within Swedish Industry Bureaucracies we discuss the similarities and differences between different KM/OP management theories andpractises. In such settings, relations between knowledge workers and managersare not satisfactory matched. We discover that different management mindsets are applied from the understanding of work practise. We refer to these mindsetsas Controlling figures respective Managing Knowledge. As a result, we relate experienced-based stories to theoretical concepts within different management mindsets in order to identify implications for a sound organizational performance.
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| 4. |
- Carstensen, Peter H., et al.
(författare)
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On knowledge management : a field study
- 2000
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Ingår i: Internet-Based Organisational Memory and Knowledge Management. - : IPG Group Publishing. - 9781878289827 ; , s. 170-198
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is widely acknowledged that knowledge is one of the most important assets of today's organizations. According to Davenport and Prusak (1998), knowledge is often a company's greatest competitive advantage in a global economy. How to support the company's knowledge-intensive work processes (e.g., quality support, product design or strategic planning) is therefore becoming a vital issue in many organizations worldwide. Identification, analysis and characterization of the knowledge-intensive work processes become essential in order to qualify a discussion of how to support knowledge management processes. This chapter presents, discusses and reflects upon findings from a study of how highly skilled actors manage information and knowledge, i.e., how information is gathered from a wide range of sources, structured according to needs and relevance for the users, and disseminated to the relevant suppliers in the organization. The aim of the chapter is two-folded: first, to contribute to the general empirical body of knowledge about knowledge-intensive work, especially focusing on the central characteristics of the knowledge management processes; secondly, to initiate a discussion of which overall requirements we must set up for how knowledge management processes could be supported by means of information and communication technology. Knowledge-intensive work processes often concern collaborative problem-solving and mutual support that require effective ways of handling information and knowledge between different people, both in short-term and long-term situations. The distributed and dynamic nature of knowledge management work also imposes a high degree of complexity involving many different actors with different conceptualizations, interpretations, perspectives, needs, etc. of the knowledge produced and approached. The various actors have different perspectives on the concept of knowledge. The work needed to articulate knowledge and make information and knowledge accessible becomes extremely demanding and complex. Often face-to-face interaction is required. However, in complex and collaborative work settings the problem of articulating knowledge by rich interaction and communication is obvious. The actors are distributed both geographically and temporally. There is a need for computer-based mechanisms for interaction and coordination of information and knowledge (cf. e.g., Carstensen and Wulf, 1998).
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| 5. |
- Gunnarsson, Maj, et al.
(författare)
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Less is more : When IT comes to knowledge management
- 2000
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IRIS23.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we take the point of departure from two thoroughly conducted casestudies, in which we have analysed certain knowledge work activities with followingimplications for design. Both studies clearly stated the call for a ICT-support whensearching information and sharing knowledge. For example, sharing bookmarksamong knowledge workers seemed to be a necessary and useful activity. Importantand valuable bookmarks often mirror what kind of information and knowledgepeople are looking for, and also what kind of forum they usually go to on the worldwide web. In this work we have developed a prototype, KnowMan, which managesbookmarks on the world wide web. The prototype is designed as a user-friendly"pad-interface" in which bookmarks can be collaboratively collected, shared andfurther explored and annotated by other knowledge workers. We end up with ageneral discussion about the possible effects of using KnowMan and what furtherdesign aspects that should be considered.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hattinger, Monika, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of the Learning Centers for Web-based Distance Education
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference(WBE-2004) Web-Based Education. ; , s. 350-355
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distance Education (DE) is not a new phenomenon butinformation technology has increased the use and accessibility to education anywhere and anytime. In Sweden, it is possible to study online courses on university level, using locally placed learning centres (LC). Focus of the study was to get a better understanding of what role locally learning environment, has on students performance. 14 interviews were conducted on Arvika LC, with both students and LC staff. The result show that a LC promote socialisation, technical and administrative support. Communication on organisationaland pedagogical levels between LC, universities and students are though not satisfactory. Thus, we argue for the importance of learning centres as mediators to facilitate a locally constructed learning context.
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| 9. |
- Lundh Snis, Ulrika, 1970-
(författare)
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Blast From the Past : When Knowledge Met Computers
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IRIS25.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The motivation for this paper is driven by the fact that studies on knowledge management tend to be approached in a very generalised, or even, categorised way. The paper outlines the need to understand how knowledge and computers have met before in both research and practice. What lessons might be learned from these previous studies? What is the prevalent understanding of computer supported knowledge management? Are we now ready to acknowledge that computers serve as active tools for knowledge creation and business performance? The paper can be seen as a theoretical contribution to the general discussion of computer support and knowledge management in terms of presenting a historical review of knowledge system generations as well as future implications for research
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| 10. |
- Lundh Snis, Ulrika, 1970-
(författare)
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Challenges for knowledge communities in technical work domains
- 2002
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Ingår i: ECIS 2002 Proceedings. ; , s. 783-793
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- By drawing on the specific lessons learned from one case study, this paper will discuss collaboration, and issues upon knowledge communities in technical work domains. The results are based on a case study in a manufacturing process, thermal spraying, which can be characterised as very complex and technical. In order to understand the concept of knowledge communities in technical work domains I argue for an elaborated approach by going across different collaboration levels and organisational cultures, into issues of communities of practice. The discussion ends up with three main challenges for forming and supporting knowledge communities. These challenges might inspire an adequate work milieu, cultivated by both shared meanings and technology support.
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