| 1. |
- Brisslert, Mikael, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori induce neutrophil transendothelial migration: role of the bacterial HP-NAP
- 2005
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiol Lett. ; 249:1, s. 95-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous recruitment of neutrophils into the inflamed gastric mucosal tissue is a hallmark of Helicobacter pylori infection in humans. In this study, we examined the ability of H. pylori to induce transendothelial migration of neutrophils using a transwell system consisting of a cultured monolayer of human endothelial cells as barrier between two chambers. We showed for the first time that live H. pylori, but not formalin-killed bacteria, induced a significantly increased transendothelial migration of neutrophils. H. pylori conditioned culture medium also induced significantly increased transendothelial migration, whereas heat-inactivated culture filtrates had no effect, suggesting that the chemotactic factor was proteinaceous. Depletion of H. pylori-neutrophil activating protein (HP-NAP) from the culture filtrates resulted in significant reduction of the transmigration. Culture filtrates from isogenic HP-NAP deficient mutant bacteria also induced significantly less neutrophil migration than culture filtrates obtained from wild-type bacteria. HP-NAP did not induce endothelial cell activation, suggesting that HP-NAP acts directly on the neutrophils. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that secreted HP-NAP is one of the factors resulting in H. pylori induced neutrophil transendothelial migration. We propose that HP-NAP contributes to the continuous recruitment of neutrophils to the gastric mucosa of H. pylori infected individuals.
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| 2. |
- Enarsson, Karin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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CD4+ CD25high regulatory T cells reduce T cell transendothelial migration in cancer patients.
- 2007
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Ingår i: European journal of immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 37:1, s. 282-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-mediated immunity is thought to be the main mechanism of anti-tumour responses of the host, but it is not known if cancer disease affects T cell recruitment from blood to tissues. Therefore, we compared Heliobacter pylori-induced T cell transendothelial migration (TEM) in H. pylori-infected gastric carcinoma patients, colon and lung carcinoma patients and healthy volunteers. H. pylori induced significant T cell migration from all groups. However, there was a dramatic reduction of T cell TEM in gastric carcinoma patients (80%) compared to healthy individuals. A similarly reduced transmigration was also seen in colon and lung carcinoma patients. We found significantly increased frequencies of T(reg) cells in the blood of gastric carcinoma patients compared to healthy individuals, and depletion of T(reg) cells from the blood of these patients prior to TEM restored T cell migration. The effect of T(reg) cells was largely dependent on cell-cell contact, but not on IL-10 or TGF-beta. In addition, the presence of T(reg) cells led to reduced T cell attachment to endothelium and decreased production of T cell-recruiting chemokines during TEM. In conclusion, T(reg) cell-mediated reduction of T cell TEM may reduce T cell recruitment in patients with epithelial malignancies, thereby hampering anti-tumour responses.
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| 3. |
- Enarsson, Karin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Function and recruitment of mucosal regulatory T cells in human chronic Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.). - : Elsevier BV. - 1521-6616. ; 121:3, s. 358-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CD4(+)CD25(high) FOXP3-expressing regulatory T cells (Treg) can suppress immune responses to infections and tumors, thereby promoting microbial persistence and tumor progression. However, little is known about the phenotype and function of human mucosal Treg. Therefore, we analyzed the suppressive activity and homing phenotype of Treg in gastric mucosa of Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric adenocarcinoma patients. We found increased numbers of CD4(+)FOXP3(+) Treg in the tumor compared to tumor-free gastric mucosa. Gastric Treg cells were able to suppress H. pylori-induced T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production. Furthermore, gastric Treg expressed increased levels of l-selectin and CCR4, compared to non-Treg cells, suggesting that these receptors contribute to Treg recruitment. The presence of functional antigen-specific Treg in H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa supports an important role for these cells in suppression of mucosal effector T cell responses, which probably contribute to bacterial persistence and possibly also to gastric tumor progression.
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| 4. |
- Erlandsson, Karin, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Positive end-expiratory pressure optimization using electric impedance tomography in morbidly obese patients during laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 50:7, s. 833-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Morbidly obese patients have an increased risk for peri-operative lung complications and develop a decrease in functional residual capacity (FRC). Electric impedance tomography (EIT) can be used for continuous, fast-response measurement of lung volume changes. This method was used to optimize positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to maintain FRC. METHODS: Fifteen patients with a body mass index of 49 +/- 8 kg/m(2) were studied during anaesthesia for laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery. Before induction, 16 electrodes were placed around the thorax to monitor ventilation-induced impedance changes. Calibration of the electric impedance tomograph against lung volume changes was made by increasing the tidal volume in steps of 200 ml. PEEP was titrated stepwise to maintain a horizontal baseline of the EIT curve, corresponding to a stable FRC. Absolute FRC was measured with a nitrogen wash-out/wash-in technique. Cardiac output was measured with an oesophageal Doppler method. Volume expanders, 1 +/- 0.5 l, were given to prevent PEEP-induced haemodynamic impairment. RESULTS: Impedance changes closely followed tidal volume changes (R(2) > 0.95). The optimal PEEP level was 15 +/- 1 cmH(2)O, and FRC at this PEEP level was 1706 +/- 447 ml before and 2210 +/- 540 ml after surgery (P < 0.01). The cardiac index increased significantly from 2.6 +/- 0.5 before to 3.1 +/- 0.8 l/min/m(2) after surgery, and the alveolar dead space decreased. P(a)O2/F(i)O2, shunt and compliance remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: EIT enables rapid assessment of lung volume changes in morbidly obese patients, and optimization of PEEP. High PEEP levels need to be used to maintain a normal FRC and to minimize shunt. Volume loading prevents circulatory depression in spite of a high PEEP level.
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| 5. |
- Gevert, Börje Sten, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Hydro processing rape seed oil with gas oil for diesel fuel
- 2009
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Ingår i: Abstract of Papers of the American Chemical Society. - 0065-7727. - 9780841224414
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The work was divided into two different series of light gas oil (LLGO) and heavy gas oil (HGO). The rapeseed oil was blended with the gas oils in the following concentrations: 10%, 20% and 30%. The pressure was maintained constant. The flow rate, temperature were varied. It is possible to blend rape seed oil into HGO and LLGO in the production of low sulfur diesel fuel. The conversion of the rapeseed oil to hydrocarbon was higher when blended into LLGO compared to HGO. Low reaction temperatures and high flow rates give less amount of conversion of the rape seed oil.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Halskov, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Homologier
- 2008
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Ingår i: At sætte spor på en vandring fra Aquinas til Bourdieu- æresbog til Staf Callewaert. - 9788799205028 ; , s. 273-293
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Halskov, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Homologier
- 2008. - 1. udgave
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Ingår i: At sætte spor på en vandring fra Aquinas til Bourdieu. - : Hexis. - 9788799205028 ; , s. 273-293
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denne lille artikel, vil vi bidrage med at ære Staf Callewaerts virke og de ’spor’ han har sat ved at sætte fokus på en delproblematik af OMOM-projektet (Petersen, Lundin, Halskov, 2007), nemlig: Bourdieus måde at forstå og betragte samfundet på, som et system af relationer mellem positioner. I denne måde at forstå et samfund på indtager hvert individ en vis position. Denne position har et specifikt forhold til andre positioner, som således andre individer indtager. Eller vi kan opstille det endnu mere generelt og sige, at systemet af positioner, Bourdieu kalder det for det sociale felt, indtages af de individer, som befinder sig inden for dette felt (Lundin, Petersen, 2005, 2007). Hvad karakteriserer da en vis position kan man spørge? De begreber, som Bourdieu anvender, kan kontrasteres mod et ræsonnement, hvor begrebet ’social oprindelse’ almindeligvis indebærer en kategorisering af oprindelse i tre store grupper. I de forskningstraditioner, der anvender denne form for kategorisering, studerer man sammenhæng mellem social oprindelse og for eksempel uddannelsesresultat, erhvervsposition eller indkomst. Man mener da, at den sociale oprindelse påvirker individernes uddannelsesbane og karriere, hvor en politisk målsætning på forskellig vis kunne være at mindske de negative effekter af fx lav social oprindelse. Bourdieu mener imidlertid, at en sådan måde at fremstille sagen på, er en forenkling og forsimpling. De tre kategorier, der anvendes for at klassificere ’social oprindelse’, er nemlig alt for grove, og man kan ikke, ifølge Bourdieu, sige, at denne oprindelse sui generis har nogen påvirkning på de uddannelsesbaner eller den erhvervskarriere den enkelte får. Og grunden er enkel: den klassificering, at tilhøre en bestemt social gruppe, eksisterer kun med de fælles træk, fordi nogle forskere i sociologi har defineret det på den måde! Mens det, som de facto former individerne under hele deres liv, er en myriade af vidt forskellige små mekanismer.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Liu, Lian, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by soluble kit ligand in mouse oocytes during early follicular development.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0952-5041 .- 1479-6813. ; 38:1-2, s. 137-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Communication between mammalian oocytes and their surrounding granulosa cells through the Kit-Kit ligand (KL, or stem cell factor, SCF) system has been shown to be crucial for follicular development. Our previous studies (Reddy et al. 2005, Liu et al. 2006) have indicated that the intra-oocyte KL-Kit-PI3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt-Foxo3a cascade may play an important role in follicular activation and early development. In the present study, using in situ hybridization and in vitro culture of growing oocytes from 8-day-old postnatal mice, we have demonstrated that another Akt substrate, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), is expressed in growing oocytes. Also, treatment of cultured mouse oocytes with soluble KL not only leads to increased Akt kinase activity in the oocytes, which can phosphorylate recombinant GSK-3 in vitro, but also leads to phosphorylation of oocyte GSK-3alpha and GSK-3beta, which can result in the inactivation of GSK-3 function in oocytes. In addition, we have shown that the regulation of GSK-3alpha and GSK-3beta in cultured oocytes by soluble KL is accomplished through PI3K, since the PI3K-specific inhibitor LY294002 completely abolished the KL-induced phosphorylation of GSK-3alpha and GSK-3beta. Moreover, blockage of the Kit signaling pathway by a Kit function-blocking antibody, ACK2, resulted in reduced phosphorylation of GSK-3. Taken together, our data suggest that the cascade from granulosa cell-derived KL to Kit-PI3K-Akt-GSK-3 in oocytes may take part in regulation of oocyte growth and early ovarian follicular development.
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