| 1. |
- Ahlström, A., et al.
(författare)
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No major differences in perinatal and maternal outcomes between uninterrupted embryo culture in time-lapse system and conventional embryo culture
- 2023
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press. - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 38:12, s. 2400-2411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY QUESTION: Is embryo culture in a closed time-lapse system associated with any differences in perinatal and maternal outcomes in comparison to conventional culture and spontaneous conception?SUMMARY ANSWER: There were no significant differences between time-lapse and conventional embryo culture in preterm birth (PTB, <37 weeks), low birth weight (LBW, >2500 g) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy for singleton deliveries, the primary outcomes of this study.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Evidence from prospective trials evaluating the safety of time-lapse incubation for clinical use show similar embryo development rates, implantation rates, and ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates when compared to conventional incubation. Few studies have investigated if uninterrupted culture can alter risks of adverse perinatal outcomes presently associated with IVF when compared to conventional culture and spontaneous conceptions.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This study is a Swedish population-based retrospective registry study, including 7379 singleton deliveries after fresh embryo transfer between 2013 and 2018 from selected IVF clinics. Perinatal outcomes of singletons born from time-lapse-cultured embryos were compared to singletons from embryos cultured in conventional incubators and 71 300 singletons from spontaneous conceptions. Main perinatal outcomes included PTB and LBW. Main maternal outcomes included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (pregnancy hypertension and preeclampsia).PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: From nine IVF clinics, 2683 singletons born after fresh embryo transfer in a time-lapse system were compared to 4696 singletons born after culture in a conventional incubator and 71 300 singletons born after spontaneous conception matched for year of birth, parity, and maternal age. Patient and treatment characteristics from IVF deliveries were cross-linked with the Swedish Medical Birth Register, Register of Birth Defects, National Patient Register and Statistics Sweden. Children born after sperm and oocyte donation cycles and after Preimplantation Genetic testing cycles were excluded. Odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR were calculated, adjusting for relevant confounders.MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: In the adjusted analyses, no significant differences were found for risk of PTB (adjusted OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.87-1.41) and LBW (adjusted OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.66-1.14) or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; preeclampsia and hypertension (adjusted OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.67-1.45 and adjusted OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.62-1.53, respectively) between time-lapse and conventional incubation systems. A significantly increased risk of PTB (adjusted OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.08-1.60) and LBW (adjusted OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.08-1.72) was found for singletons born after time-lapse incubation compared to singletons born after spontaneous conceptions. In addition, a lower risk for pregnancy hypertension (adjusted OR 0.72 95% CI 0.53-0.99) but no significant difference for preeclampsia (adjusted OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.68-1.12) was found compared to spontaneous conceptions. Subgroup analyses showed that some risks were related to the day of embryo transfer, with more adverse outcomes after blastocyst transfer in comparison to cleavage stage transfer.LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: This study is retrospective in design and different clinical strategies may have been used to select specific patient groups for time-lapse versus conventional incubation. The number of patients is limited and larger datasets are required to obtain more precise estimates and adjust for possible effect of additional embryo culture variables.WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Embryo culture in time-lapse systems is not associated with major differences in perinatal and maternal outcomes, compared to conventional embryo culture, suggesting that this technology is an acceptable alternative for embryo incubation.
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| 2. |
- Alvez, Maria Bueno, et al.
(författare)
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Next generation pan-cancer blood proteome profiling using proximity extension assay
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive characterization of blood proteome profiles in cancer patients can contribute to a better understanding of the disease etiology, resulting in earlier diagnosis, risk stratification and better monitoring of the different cancer subtypes. Here, we describe the use of next generation protein profiling to explore the proteome signature in blood across patients representing many of the major cancer types. Plasma profiles of 1463 proteins from more than 1400 cancer patients are measured in minute amounts of blood collected at the time of diagnosis and before treatment. An open access Disease Blood Atlas resource allows the exploration of the individual protein profiles in blood collected from the individual cancer patients. We also present studies in which classification models based on machine learning have been used for the identification of a set of proteins associated with each of the analyzed cancers. The implication for cancer precision medicine of next generation plasma profiling is discussed.
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| 3. |
- Anderzén, Johan
(författare)
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Differences in glycemic control in type 1 diabetes children and adolescents : in a national and international perspective and the effect on microvascular complications in young adults
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on glycemic control measured as HbA1c in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients during childhood and especially during adolescence, both in a Swedish and an international context, and relates the glycemic control to the risk of complications in young adults. In studies I and II, the Swedish Pediatric Diabetes Quality Register (SWEDIABKIDS) and the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR) were used. More than 4000 young adults with T1D and data on HbA1c in NDR both in 2011 and 2012 as well as data on HbA1c in SWEDIABKIDS were used. The T1D patients with poor glycemic control during their teenage period had a risk for retinopathy several times higher than those with good glycemic control. The risk for micro- and macroalbuminuria was also higher in those with poor glycemic control and was most pronounced in the T1D patients with high HbA1c in both registers. Females had worse glycemic control than males during the teenage period and an increased risk of retinopathy as young adults. In studies III and IV, pediatric diabetes quality register data from, respectively, eight and seven Western high-income countries were collected in the year 2013. Data on about 60 000 T1D patients were analyzed according to mean HbA1c levels in the countries and related to actual age and T1D duration to determine if there were differences in glycemic control between the countries. There were large differences in mean HbA1c between the countries, both when related to age and T1D duration. Despite the differences in mean HbA1c, the increase in mean HbA1c with increasing age and T1D duration was very similar in all countries. The overall picture of these studies is that good glycemic control is very important to avoid complications of T1D as young adults, and it seems particularly important to maintain a good glycemic control during adolescence. Furthermore large differences in glycemic control in T1D patients in Western high-income countries were found. Despite the differences in glycemic control, the pattern of rising HbA1c with increasing age and duration of T1D was very similar in all countries. Females have worse glycemic control than males during their teenage period, both in Sweden and internationally, and they also have more retinopathy as young adults. This thesis shows that it is of the utmost importance to treat T1D patients intensively directly after diagnosis, to treat the young T1D patients intensely and to reduce the rise in HbA1c with increasing age and duration of T1D in order to avoid complications early in life. Diabetes quality registers give the opportunity to compare results and share experiences, both within and between countries, so treatment of T1D can be designed in the best possible way and thereby minimize T1D complications.
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| 4. |
- Dahlgren, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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"Att bli bemött med förståelse, det är viktigare än att allt det tekniska är 'wow' liksom". Studenters erfarenheter av att studera med talböcker på Malmö universitet
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Problemformulering:Vid Malmö universitet har både bibliotekets tillgänglighetsgrupp och annan personal som arbetar med pedagogiskt stöd märkt en ökning i antalet studenter som söker hjälp i sina studier. Omkring 8% av Malmö universitets studenter använder talbokstjänsten Legimus. För att säkerställa att dessa studenter kan studera på lika villkor som andra är det av stor vikt att undersöka deras erfarenheter och attityder till universitetets stödinsatser. Syftet med studien var att undersöka studenternas erfarenheter av att studera med talböcker och andra stödprogram, samt hur de upplever det stöd som biblioteket erbjuder. Metod:För att undersöka studenternas erfarenheter av att studera med lässtöd genomfördes en fokusgruppsstudie. Studien föregicks av en enkät som hösten 2021 skickades till studenter som haft talboksgenomgång samma termin, där deltagarna tillfrågades om hur de upplevde talboksgenomgången samt om deras attityder till de stödprogram som erbjuds. Deltagare till fokusgrupperna rekryterades via enkäten. En fokusgrupp med fyra studenter genomfördes på plats i biblioteket och en fokusgrupp med tre studenter genomfördes via Zoom under våren 2022. Intervjuerna tog omkring en timme. Två bibliotekarier närvarande vid fokusgrupperna där en fungerade som moderator/samtalsledare och en tog anteckningar. Intervjuerna spelades också in. Materialet från inspelningarna transkriberades sedan till text. Transkriberingen bearbetades därefter genom att teman identifierades, sammanställdes och analyserades.Resultat:Legimus och andra stödverktyg har en stor betydelse i deltagarnas studievardag. Flera uttryckte att de inte hade tagit steget att börja studera om de inte hade känt till att stödet fanns, och att de hade haft det mycket svårare att klara studierna utan stöd. Studenterna uppgav bland annat att stödprogrammen förbättrar deras läshastighet och arbetsminne samt hjälper dem att strukturera sina studier. Lika viktigt som de pedagogiska aspekterna är det emotionella stöd som stödprogrammen medför. Flera av deltagarna berättade att Legimus besparat dem mycket stress och oro. Tillgången till kurslitteraturen i talboksform har en lugnande effekt och hjälper studenterna att komma igång med studierna. Stödprogrammen har också gett deltagarna en större självständighet och självförtroende i studierna. Studenterna är i huvudsak nöjda med bemötandet de fått av lärare och annan personal vid Malmö universitet. Personlig kontakt med representanter från universitetet är av stor vikt och underlättar för studenterna att ta till sig viktig information. En vanlig utmaning för deltagarna är att ständigt behöva påtala fall av bristande tillgänglighet och att “stå upp för sig själv”. Brister i talsyntes togs upp som ett problem, dels upplevs rösterna som tråkiga och monotona, vilket försvårar koncentrationen, dels förhindras förståelsen av felaktigt uttal och betoning. Andra problem är sena tillägg till kurslitteraturen och böcker som enbart finns tillgängliga som talbok utan text. Studenterna efterfrågade också bättre utformade hemsidor med mindre text och mer video samt ökad kunskap om läsnedsättningar bland lärare och annan personal. Studien synliggör den avgörande roll som talböcker och andra stödinsatser spelar för att tillgängliggöra högre studier för studenter med läsnedsättningar och pekar på ett behov av insatser för att ytterligare förbättra stödet. Studien belyser också vikten av gott bemötande och personlig kontakt, där bibliotekarien kan spela en viktig roll i mötet med studenter med läsnedsättningar.
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| 5. |
- Dahlgren, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Studenters erfarenheter av att studera med talböcker och stödprogram
- 2022
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Vid Malmö universitet uppger både bibliotekets tillgänglighetsgrupp och annan personal som arbetar med pedagogiskt stöd att de har märkt en ökning i antalet studenter som söker hjälp i sina studier.Våren 2022 hade Malmö universitetsbibliotek 1 925 aktiva Legimusanvändare av totalt 24 000 studenter vid lärosätet. Detta innebär att omkring 8% av Malmö universitets studenter använder Legimus, vilket kan jämföras med Lunds universitet, där omkring 3% av studenterna använde Legimus under 2021.Som ett led i att förbättra arbetet med studenter med läsnedsättningar genomförde biblioteket under våren 2022 en kvalitativ fokusgruppsstudie med studenter som använder Legimus och andra stödverktyg, för att undersöka deras erfarenheter av att studera med talböcker och deras attityder till bibliotekets stöd.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Frick, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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Disrupted Attention to Other’s Eyes is Linked to Symptoms of ADHD in Childhood
- 2023
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : Springer. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. ; 54:4, s. 973-984
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with impaired social interaction. Other’s eyes are important for understanding the social world. Here, we examined concurrent and longitudinal links between attention to other’s eyes and symptoms of ADHD and comorbid externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Eighty-two 8 to 13-year-old children (40% with ADHD) participated. The latency to a first gaze shift to and away from the eye region of human faces, when primed to look at either the eyes or the mouth, was recorded with eye tracking. Parents rated ADHD, externalizing and internalizing symptoms at the time of testing and at 2-year follow-up. The results show that longer looking at the eyes before reorienting was specifically associated with concurrent and future symptoms of inattention, even when accounting for comorbid symptoms. We conclude that the temporal microstructure of attention to other’s eyes is altered in children with symptoms of ADHD, which may contribute to social impairments.
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| 8. |
- Guath, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Pupil dilation during negative prediction errors is related to brain choline concentration and depressive symptoms in adolescents
- 2023
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Ingår i: Behavioural Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-4328 .- 1872-7549. ; 436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Depressive symptoms are associated with altered pupillary responses during learning and reward prediction as well as with changes in neurometabolite levels, including brain concentrations of choline, glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). However, the full link between depressive symptoms, reward-learning-related pupillary responses and neurometabolites is yet to be established as these constructs have not been assessed in the same individuals. The present pilot study, investigated these relations in a sample of 24 adolescents aged 13 years. Participants completed the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) and underwent a reward learning task while measuring pupil dilation and a single voxel dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) MEGA-PRESS magnetic resonance spectroscopy scan assessing choline, glutamate and GABA concentrations. Pupil dilation was related to prediction errors (PE) during learning, which was captured by a prediction error-weighted pupil dilation response index (PE-PDR) for each individual. Higher PE-PDR scores, indicating larger pupil dilations to negative prediction errors, were related to lower depressive symptoms and lower dACC choline concentrations. Dorsal ACC choline was positively associated with depressive symptoms, whereas glutamate and GABA were not related to PE-PDR or depressive symptoms. The findings support notions of cholinergic involvement in depressive symptoms and cholinergic influence on reward-related pupillary response, suggesting that pupillary responses to negative prediction errors may hold promise as a biomarker of depressive states.
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| 9. |
- Hagberg, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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The reading practices of people with neuropsychiatric disabilities : A review of library and information science literature
- 2024
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Ingår i: Information Research. - : Högskolan i Borås. - 1368-1613. ; 29:2, s. 341-361
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. The ability to read and interpret different types of text can be significantly impacted by neuropsychiatric disabilities, which affect cognitive abilities. This paper explores and reviews previous studies within library and information science on neuropsychiatric disabilities in relation to reading practices. Method. Searches were performed in LISA and LISTA to identify research on readers with neuropsychiatric disabilities. Results were screened and 14 peer reviewed articles were chosen for inclusion. Utilising content analysis, the examined articles were deductively and inductively categorised according to the following themes: impairment, user group and context, research design, assistive technologies for reading, reading for information seeking, reading for evaluation, and reading, self-efficacy and identity.Findings. Most articles address dyslexia. The majority of studies have been conducted in educational settings and have an experimental research design. Six studies address assistive technologies for reading, the remaining eight concern reading in relation to information practices.Conclusion. There is an imbalance in the types of impairments that have been addressed in previous research. Few studies concern everyday reading practices and more research outside of educational contexts is needed. Furthermore, there is a lack of research that delves deeper into the experiences of readers with neuropsychiatric disabilities.
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| 10. |
- Hendry, Alexandra, et al.
(författare)
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Atypical Development of Attentional Control Associates with Later Adaptive Functioning, Autism and ADHD Traits
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of autism and developmental disorders. - : Springer Nature. - 0162-3257 .- 1573-3432. ; 50:11, s. 4085-4105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autism is frequently associated with difficulties with top-down attentional control, which impact on individuals’ mental health and quality of life. The developmental processes involved in these attentional difficulties are not well understood. Using a data-driven approach, 2 samples (N = 294 and 412) of infants at elevated and typical likelihood of autism were grouped according to profiles of parent report of attention at 10, 15 and 25 months. In contrast to the normative profile of increases in attentional control scores between infancy and toddlerhood, a minority (7–9%) showed plateauing attentional control scores between 10 and 25 months. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, plateaued growth of attentional control was associated with elevated autism and ADHD traits, and lower adaptive functioning at age 3 years.
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