| 1. |
- Dumitrescu, Delia, et al.
(författare)
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Repetition : interactive expressions of pattern translation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings The Art of Research 2012, The art of research 2012 Making, Reflecting and understading, 28-29 November 2012 at Aalto University School of Arts, Design and Architecture Helsinki, Finland.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a way of opening a space where methods from the fields of fashion design, textile design and interaction design overlap, the project Repetition intersects different methodologies through practice-based research in design. Experiments were conducted to explore ways of creating relationships between body and space by means of translating information as pattern design between garments and interactive knitted walls. By arranging a startup performance, we reflected on the expressional variables that influence the expression of the pattern translations; variables concerning the garments, the walls, the print and the movements were illustrated by the expressions found. The result formulates specific descriptions regarding accuracy and distribution of pattern translation, illustrating basic concepts of pattern formations identified in visual changes appearing in the garment. By communicating our understanding of basic expressions, Repetition aims to formulate a new framework for collaborative work as a method for further design.
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| 2. |
- Idborg, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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STRATIFICATION OF SLE PATIENTS FOR IMPROVED DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
- 2013
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 72, s. A80-A80
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background. Systemic autoimmune diseases (SAIDs) affect about 2% of the population in Western countries. Sufficient diagnostic criteria are lacking due to the heterogeneity within diagnostic categories and apparent overlap regarding symptoms and patterns of autoantibodies between different diagnoses. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is regarded as a prototype for SAIDs and we hypothesise that subgroups of patients with SLE may have different pathogenesis and should consequently be subject to different treatment strategies.Objectives. Our goal is to find new biomarkers to be used for the identification of more homogenous patient populations for clinical trials and to identify sub-groups of patients with high risk of for example cardiovascular events.Methods. In this study we have utilised 320 SLE patients from the Karolinska lupus cohort and 320 age and gender matched controls. The SLE cohort was characterised based on clinical, genetic and serological data and combined by multivariate data analysis in a systems biology approach to study possible subgroups. A pilot study was designed to verify and investigate suggested subgroups of SLE. Two main subgroups were defined: One group was defined as having SSA and SSB antibodies and a negative lupus anticoagulant test (LAC), i.e., a “Sjögren-like” group. The other group was defined as being negative for SSA and SSB antibodies but positive in the LAC test.i.e. an “APS-like” group. EDTA-plasma from selected patients in these two groups and controls were analysed using a mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomic and metabolomic approach. Pathway analysis was then performed on the obtained data.Results. Our pilot study showed that differences in levels of proteins and metabolites could separate disease groups from population controls. The profile/pattern of involved factors in the complement system supported a division of SLE in two major subgroups, although each individual factor was not significantly different between subgroups. Complement factor 2 (C2) and membrane attack complex (MAC) were analysed in the entire cohort with complementary methods and C2 verifies our results while the levels of MAC did not differ between SLE subgroups. The generated metabolomics data clearly separated SLE patients from controls in both gas chromatography (GC)-MS and liquid chromatography (LC)-MS data. We found for example that tryptophan was lower in the SLE patients compared to controls.Conclusions. Our systems biology approach may lead to a better understanding of the disease and its pathogenesis, and assigning patients into subgroups will result in improved diagnosis and better outcome measures of SLE.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Nachtigall, Olaf, et al.
(författare)
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Pyrene–Azobenzene Dyads and Their Photochemistry
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Organic Chemistry. - Weinheim : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1434-193X .- 1099-0690. ; 2014:5, s. 966-972
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The facile synthesis of three new folding azobenzene-pyrene systems 1–3, connected together by a serendipitously obtained and unpredicted ester linkage, is reported. Additional characterization of the photochemistry of these systems revealed variations in azobenzene photoisomerization (trans-cis and cis-trans) and quenching of pyrene fluorescence, as a result of intra-excitation energy transfer from the pyrene chromophore to an azobenzene. Through the use of aryl substituent electronic effects to tune the absorption properties of the azobenzene relative to the pyrene, we show that efficient photo-switching can be achieved when the trans-azobenzene absorbance band is well separated from that of the pyrene (compound 1), whereas overlap of the corresponding absorbance bands in the cases of 2 and 3 significantly compromises trans-cis isomerization by enhancing cis-trans interconversion.
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| 5. |
- Roos, Anna, 1961-
(författare)
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The Otter (Lutra lutra) in Sweden : Contaminants and Health
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the 1950s the otter started to decline in numbers and distribution in Sweden and other parts of Europe. In 1972 a game law came into force, listing otter as a species that if found dead should be reported and sent to the authorities. The numbers of dead otters reported from different areas indicate population status and distribution. Between 1970 and 2012, 832 otters were sent to the authorities, the majority (66%) during the last ten years. Most were killed in traffic accidents or drowned in fishing gear. However, the main cause of the decline is believed to be environmental contaminants. Experimental data show that a PCB residue level in muscle tissue of 12 mg/kg lw causes reproductive impairment in mink (Neovison vison), suggesting reproductive problems also in the highly PCB-exposed otters in Sweden. Since the bans of PCB and DDT in the mid-1970s, concentrations of these substances in otter and fish have decreased and the otter population is increasing.Few pathological changes in otters have been found that can be related to high contaminant concentrations. However, we found a correlation between elevated PCB concentrations and alterations in bone mineral density. No relationship was seen between DDE and bone parameters.The decline of the otter coincided with the decline of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and white-tailed sea eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) in Sweden, all showing decreased reproductive outcome. Reproductive success started to increase for all of them around 1990 and during the same period concentrations of PCB and DDE have decreased in these species.The body condition among female otters has increased over the study period, indicating an improved health status. However, we found a high prevalence (71%) of cysts on the spermatic duct in otters collected between 1999 and 2012, possibly caused by endocrine disrupting chemicals.Although the organochlorine concentrations in otters have decreased, otters still face many problems. New threats to the otter population in Scandinavia are the perfluorinated chemicals, including PFOS and PFOA. Results in this thesis show an increasing trend for these compounds in otters up to 2011, including some extremely high concentrations of PFOS in otters from southern Sweden.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Satomi, Mika, et al.
(författare)
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Repetition
- 2011
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- “Repetition” is a Fashion Design and E-textile design project, which explore the use of thermo-chromic ink fabric and its interaction when designing a garment for performance art centering the body and movement as its design element.
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| 8. |
- Sawadjoon, Supaporn, et al.
(författare)
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Pd-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenolysis of Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Benzylic Alcohols by Formic Acid: A Mechanistic Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: ACS Catalysis. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2155-5435. ; 3:4, s. 635-642
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A palladium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenolysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary benzylic alcohols by formic acid has been developed and studied. The product hydrocarbons were obtained in excellent yields from bothsecondary and tertiary benzylic alcohols and in good yields for primary benzylicalcohols. The rate of disappearance of 1-phenylethanol (1) follows zero-order dependence in 1 and first-order dependence in formic acid and palladium. Catalytic amounts of base inhibit a competing disproportionation reaction ofalcohol to alkane and ketone, and an optimum was obtained when 5 equiv ofbase to palladium was used Deuterium kinetic isotope studies for the transferhydrogenolysis reveal individual isotope effects for the hydridic position (k(CHOH)/k(CDOH) = 2.26 +/- 0.24) and the protic position (k(CHOH)/k(CHOD) = 0.62 +/- 0.06) of the formic acid. Simultaneous deuteration in both positions offormic acid gave a combined isotope effect of (k(CHOH)/k(CDOD) = 1.41 +/- 0.11). We propose a mechanism involving the following steps: a competitive inhibition of the open palladium site by adsorption of the formate anion to generate formato-palladium species, followed by a reversible protonation and arate-limiting hydride transfer to obtain the active palladium with chemisorbed hydrogen that performs the hydrogenolysis of the alcohol in a fast reaction step.
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| 9. |
- Sobek, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of PCB bioaccumulation factors between an arctic and a temperate marine food web
- 2010
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 408:13, s. 2753-2760
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To test how environmental conditions in the Arctic and the resulting ecological adaptations affect accumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the marine food web, bioaccumulation of four polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in an arctic (Barents Sea 77°N - 82°N) and a temperate marine (Baltic Sea 54°N - 62°N) food web were compared. Three different trophic levels were studied (zooplankton, fish, seal), representing the span from first-level consumer to top predator. Previously published high-quality data on PCB water concentrations in the two areas were used for calculation of bioaccumulation factors (BAF). The BAFArctic : BAF Temperate ratios were above 1 for all four PCB congeners in zooplankton (6.4-13.8) and planktivorous fish (2.9-5.0), whereas the ratios were below 1 in seal. The mean ratio between arctic and temperate BAFs for all trophic levels and congeners (BAFArctic : BAFTemperate) was 4.8. When the data were corrected for the seawater temperature difference between the two ecosystems, the ratio was 2.0. We thus conclude that ecological or physiological adaptations of organisms and systems to arctic conditions do at most marginally affect bioaccumulation. Lower seawater temperature lead to a marked thermodynamically favoured passive partitioning to organic matrices and thus elevated ambient BAFs in the Arctic compared with the Baltic Sea. This implies that bioaccumulation in the Arctic may be described in the same way as bioaccumulation in temperate regions, e.g. by the use of mechanistic models parameterised for the Arctic.
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| 10. |
- Talyzin, Alexandr V., et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen-Driven Cage Unzipping of C-60 into Nano-Graphenes
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 118:12, s. 6504-6513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Annealing of C-60 in hydrogen at temperatures above the stability limit of C H bonds in C60Hx (500-550 degrees C) is found to result in direct collapse of the cage structure, evaporation of light hydrocarbons, and formation of solid mixture composed of larger hydrocarbons and few-layered graphene sheets. Only a minor part of this mixture is soluble; this was analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and found to be a rather complex mixture of hydrocarbon molecules composed of at least tens of different compounds. The sequence of most abundant peaks observed in MS, which corresponds to C2H2 mass difference, suggests a stepwise breakup of the fullerene cage into progressively smaller molecular fragments edge-terminated by hydrogen. A simple model of hydrogen-driven C-60 unzipping is proposed to explain the observed sequence of fragmentation products. The insoluble part of the product mixture consists of large planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, as evidenced by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, and some larger sheets composed of few-layered graphene, as observed by transmission electron microscopy. Hydrogen annealing of C-60 thin films showed a thickness-dependent results with reaction products significantly different for the thinnest films compared to bulk powders. Hydrogen annealing of C-60 films with the thickness below 10 nm was found to result in formation of nanosized islands with Raman spectra very similar to the spectra of coronene oligomers and conductivity typical for graphene.
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