| 1. |
- Angmar-Månsson, BE, et al.
(författare)
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Caries diagnosis
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of dental education. - 0022-0337. ; 62:10, s. 771-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Shev, S, et al.
(författare)
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HCV genotypes in Swedish blood donors as correlated to epidemiology, liver disease and hepatitis C virus antibody profile
- 1995
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Ingår i: Infection. - 1439-0973 .- 0300-8126. ; 23:5, s. 253-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty-two anti-HCV and HCV-RNA positive Swedish blood donors (44 men, 18 women; median age 34 years) were studied. HCV genotypes were correlated to parenteral risk factors, liver morphology, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) levels and HCV antibody profile. Forty percent of the donors were infected with HCV genotype 1a, 10% with 1b, 21% with 2b, and 29% with 3a. Intravenous drug use (IVDU) was more common in donors with genotype 3a than in those with genotype 1a (p = 0.024), and prior blood transfusion more common in genotype 2b than in 3a (p = 0.012). Chronic active hepatitis with and without cirrhosis was found in 38% of donors infected with genotype 2b as compared to 8% of donors infected with 1a (p = 0.034). Forty percent of donors with genotype 1a had normal ALAT at the time of liver biopsy versus 11% with genotype 3a (p = 0.046). Antibodies to C33c and C22-3 were present in nearly all donors whereas reactivity to C100-3 and 5-1-1 was detected more often in donors with genotypes 1a and 1b as compared to donors with genotypes 2b and 3a. In conclusion, genotype 3a was correlated to IVDU or tattooing as parenteral risk factors for the acquisition of HCV infection, and genotype 2b to prior blood transfusion. Donors with genotypes 1a seemed to have less severe liver disease than those infected with genotypes 2b and 3a.
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| 3. |
- Widell, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Hepatitis C superinfection in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients transplanted with an HCV-infected kidney
- 1995
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Ingår i: Transplantation. - 1534-6080. ; 60:7, s. 642-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes, determined by polymerase chain reaction with type-specific primers, were studied in 5 already HCV-infected patients receiving kidneys from HCV-infected cadaver donors. Three patients were investigated retrospectively using stored pre- and posttransplantation sera and followed 18-28 months after transplantation. Two recipients with HCV genotype 2b infection had received kidneys from 1 genotype 3a-infected donor. In 1 recipient, HCV 2b was replaced by the donor's type; in the other recipient, a prolonged mixed infection of 3a and 2b occurred. Persistent alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation (3- to 5-fold) appeared in both patients. The third patient, also HCV 2b infected when transplanted with an HCV 3a-infected kidney, remained infected with HCV 2b only. Two patients, one with HCV genotype 1b and the other with genotype 3a, were followed prospectively with frequent bleeds (initially biweekly) and genotyping over 14 months after they had received kidneys from 1 HCV genotype 1a-infected donor. The HCV 1b-infected recipient remained infected with 1b only and had minimal biochemical signs of liver injury. In the other recipient, mixed infection of 3a and 1a appeared at week 3 and persisted for several weeks, until only genotype 1a could be detected. This patient had elevated ALT levels before transplantation. After onset of mixed infection, ALT levels increased further for several weeks, and returned to pretransplantation levels when only HCV 1a was found. HCV-infected kidneys transplanted into HCV-infected recipients gave 3 different virus patterns. Most patients benefitted in the short term, but some super-infected patients experienced increased liver damage.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Frennby, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Clearance of iohexol, 51Cr-EDTA and endogenous creatinine for determination of glomerular filtration rate in pigs with reduced renal function: a comparison between different clearance techniques
- 1997
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - 1502-7686. ; 57:3, s. 241-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to simplify and/or improve determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) the clearances of iohexol, 51Cr-EDTA and endogenous creatinine were simultaneously determined with different techniques in 21 anesthetized landrace pigs. Their GFR had been reduced to about 1/3 or less of normal GFR. After an intravenous bolus of the GFR markers, their plasma concentration curves were followed for 6 hours with 16 plasma samples. A bladder catheter collected urine during six 60-min periods. The plasma clearance was calculated by dividing "dose of marker" with "area under the plasma concentration curve" (AUC) from the time of injection to infinity using a one- (Clprovisional) and a three-compartment (ClAUC-3comp) model. The renal clearance of iohexol and 51Cr-EDTA was calculated by dividing the amount of marker excreted in the urine in a period by AUC in the same period. The AUC was for iohexol and 51Cr-EDTA determined by integrating the total area in the period (Clren adv)-our reference method representing the "true" GFR and for creatinine determined by using the arithmetic mean of the plasma concentration of the marker at the start and at the end of the urine collection period (Clren simple). Renal clearance of creatinine was significantly lower than renal clearance of iohexol (p = 0.0019) and 51Cr-EDTA (p = 0.0001). There were no significant differences between the renal clearances (Clren adv) of iohexol and 51Cr-EDTA or between their plasma clearances (ClAUC-3comp). For iohexol the median overestimation of the "true" GFR with Clprovisional was higher when "early" plasma samples (30-120 min) were used (4.5 ml min-1 10 kg-1) than when late samples (180-360 min) were used (1.9 ml min-1 10 kg-1). Subtraction of the median extrarenal clearance (known from a study of nephrectomized pigs) from the plasma clearances (ClAUC-3comp) of iohexol and 51Cr-EDTA in pigs with reduced renal function decreased the median overestimation of the "true" GFR from 1.9 to 1.0 ml min-1 10 kg-1 with iohexol and from 1.7 to 0.9 ml min-1 10 kg-1 with 51Cr-EDTA. The plasma clearance technique may be improved in pigs with reduced GFR by (i) including a "late" plasma sample in three- and one-compartment models, which tends to increase the AUC; (ii) introducing a correction formula by normalizing the GFR values of the one-compartment model to those of the three-compartment model, thereby compensating for the rapid early changes in plasma concentration of marker after the bolus injection of the marker; or (iii) subtracting a median (or mean) extrarenal clearance of the marker in pigs from the plasma clearance [according to (i) or (ii)]. The plasma clearance one-compartment technique may be improved in pigs with various levels of GFR values by normalizing the plasma clearance values to the renal clearance values, thereby compensating for both the early changes in plasma concentration of marker and the extrarenal clearance of marker.
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| 6. |
- Leander, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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CT and MR imaging of the liver using liver-specific contrast media. A comparative study in a tumour model
- 1996
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - 1600-0455. ; 37:3 Pt 1, s. 242-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: A new type of liposomal liver-specific contrast medium (CM) in CT was studied, and the results were compared with those obtained with Mn-DPDP, a paramagnetic hepatobiliary CM, in MR imaging. The contrasts of normal liver tissue to tumorous tissue and the importance of the CM for tumour detection in the 2 modalities were studied in a rabbit tumour model. CT and T1-weighted pre- and postcontrast and T2-weighted MR images precontrast were obtained. MATERIAL, METHODS AND RESULTS: Compared to precontrast images, significantly higher contrasts of normal liver tissue to tumorous tissue were obtained after CM administration in both CT and MR examinations. At radiologic evaluation, significantly more tumours were detected after CM administration in CT and in T1-weighted MR images than in precontrast images in CT and T1-weighted MR. There were no significant differences in tumour detection frequency in MR studies including a T2-weighted pulse sequence, postcontrast CT, or postcontrast T1-weighted MR imaging. CONCLUSION: The use of liver-specific CM improves visualization of liver tumours in CT and T1-weighted MR imaging.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Shen, Z, et al.
(författare)
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Chondroadherin expression changes in skeletal development
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Biochemical journal. - 0264-6021. ; 330, s. 549-557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chondroadherin is a cartilage protein with cell binding properties. The expression of chondroadherin was studied in rat tissues and during postnatal femoral head development. For design of oligonucleotide probes and primers a 1664 bp, full length, rat chondroadherin cDNA was isolated from a rat chondrosarcoma library and sequenced. Northern blot analysis showed chondroadherin mRNA to be present in femoral head and rib cartilage, as well as in tendon. More sensitive reverse-transcriptase PCR additionally identified the mRNA in calvaria, long bone and bone marrow. Localization of chondroadherin by immunocytochemistry in the developing femoral head from postnatal day 14 to day 60 showed presence of the protein in cartilaginous regions. With increasing age a very distinct localization of chondroadherin was seen in the territorial matrix around late proliferative cells in the growth plate as well as in the developing articular cartilage in the maturing femoral head. Localization of chondroadherin mRNA by in situ hybridization was in agreement with immunocytochemistry with strong hybridization signals in late proliferative cells in the growth plate. In the articular cartilage the expression was restricted to cells in the lower regions. A three-fold increase of cartilage chondroadherin content in the growing femoral head was demonstrated by Western blot analysis. The high expression of this cell binding protein in a dynamic region of cartilage suggests an important role for chondroadherin in the regulation of chondrocyte growth and proliferation.
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| 9. |
- Törnberg, S, et al.
(författare)
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Screening for cutaneous malignant melanoma: a feasibility study
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of medical screening. - : SAGE Publications. - 0969-1413 .- 1475-5793. ; 3:4, s. 211-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study two different procedures for inviting subjects to screening for malignant melanoma, and to study the role of specially trained nurses as primary examiners.Methods—The study was carried out in Stockholm county and comprised 5000 randomly selected men and women aged 40 to 60, of whom 2500 were invited with a personal invitation letter and with a set time of appointment and 2500 were sent a questionnaire and instructions for self examination of the skin. To test the nurses' competence, a survey was made, comparing the judgments of skin examination between nurses and doctors.Results—1654 (66%) of those invited for a skin examination took part. 1507 (60%) replied in the questionnaire group, of whom 1024 (41%) requested and attended a subsequent skin examination. Of the subjects attending from both groups, the nurses judged 9% v 11% as having skin lesions suggesting malignant melanoma, whereas the two doctors referred 4% v 3% of the subjects for surgical biopsy. Two malignant melanomas were detected, both of them in the questionnaire group. In the study of nurses' screening competence, both nurses and doctors equally judged one case out of 19 as having a lesion suspicious for malignant melanoma.Conclusions—When the questionnaire method was used the results were achieved with one third fewer skin examinations, but it is difficult to conclude whether one of the procedures is better than the other. The results also indicate that nurses can be trained to be the primary examiners in a melanoma screening programme.
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