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- Zhu, L Y, et al.
(författare)
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Cross section measurements of charged pion photoproduction in hydrogen and deuterium from 1.1 to 5.5 GeV
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 71:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The differential cross sections for the gamma n ->pi(-)p and the gamma p ->pi(+)n processes were measured at Jefferson Lab. The photon energies ranged from 1.1 to 5.5 GeV, corresponding to center-of-mass energies from 1.7 to 3.4 GeV. The pion center-of-mass angles varied from 50(degrees) to 110(degrees). The pi(-) and pi(+) photoproduction data both exhibit a global scaling behavior at high energies and high transverse momenta, consistent with the constituent counting rule prediction and the existing pi(+) data. The data suggest possible substructure of the scaling behavior, which might be oscillations around the scaling value. The data show an enhancement in the scaled cross section at center-of-mass energy near 2.2 GeV. The differential cross section ratios [d sigma/dt(gamma n ->pi(-)p)/d sigma/dt(gamma p ->pi(+)n)] at high energies and high transverse momenta can be described by calculations based on one-hard-gluon-exchange diagrams.
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2. |
- Serruys, Patrick W., et al.
(författare)
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Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary-artery bypass grafting for severe coronary artery disease
- 2009
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 360:10, s. 961-972
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) involving drug-eluting stents is increasingly used to treat complex coronary artery disease, although coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been the treatment of choice historically. Our trial compared PCI and CABG for treating patients with previously untreated three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease (or both). METHODS: We randomly assigned 1800 patients with three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease to undergo CABG or PCI (in a 1:1 ratio). For all these patients, the local cardiac surgeon and interventional cardiologist determined that equivalent anatomical revascularization could be achieved with either treatment. A noninferiority comparison of the two groups was performed for the primary end point--a major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular event (i.e., death from any cause, stroke, myocardial infarction, or repeat revascularization) during the 12-month period after randomization. Patients for whom only one of the two treatment options would be beneficial, because of anatomical features or clinical conditions, were entered into a parallel, nested CABG or PCI registry. RESULTS: Most of the preoperative characteristics were similar in the two groups. Rates of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events at 12 months were significantly higher in the PCI group (17.8%, vs. 12.4% for CABG; P=0.002), in large part because of an increased rate of repeat revascularization (13.5% vs. 5.9%, P<0.001); as a result, the criterion for noninferiority was not met. At 12 months, the rates of death and myocardial infarction were similar between the two groups; stroke was significantly more likely to occur with CABG (2.2%, vs. 0.6% with PCI; P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: CABG remains the standard of care for patients with three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease, since the use of CABG, as compared with PCI, resulted in lower rates of the combined end point of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events at 1 year. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00114972.)
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3. |
- Tuskan, G A, et al.
(författare)
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The genome of black cottonwood, Populus trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray).
- 2006
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 313:5793, s. 1596-604
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the draft genome of the black cottonwood tree, Populus trichocarpa. Integration of shotgun sequence assembly with genetic mapping enabled chromosome-scale reconstruction of the genome. More than 45,000 putative protein-coding genes were identified. Analysis of the assembled genome revealed a whole-genome duplication event; about 8000 pairs of duplicated genes from that event survived in the Populus genome. A second, older duplication event is indistinguishably coincident with the divergence of the Populus and Arabidopsis lineages. Nucleotide substitution, tandem gene duplication, and gross chromosomal rearrangement appear to proceed substantially more slowly in Populus than in Arabidopsis. Populus has more protein-coding genes than Arabidopsis, ranging on average from 1.4 to 1.6 putative Populus homologs for each Arabidopsis gene. However, the relative frequency of protein domains in the two genomes is similar. Overrepresented exceptions in Populus include genes associated with lignocellulosic wall biosynthesis, meristem development, disease resistance, and metabolite transport.
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5. |
- Ma, Lijun, et al.
(författare)
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Association analysis of Krüppel-like factor 11 variants with type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - Chevy Chase : Endocrine society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 93:9, s. 3644-3649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Krüppel-like factor 11 (KLF11) is a transcription factor of the zinc finger domain family that has been shown to regulate expression of the insulin gene. An initial study reported that a KLF11 variant predicting a Q62R was associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in French Caucasians; however, subsequent studies have failed to identify an association between this variant and T2D in subjects from a similar Northern-European ancestry. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether the Q62R or other variants within KLF11 were associated with T2D in Pima Indians, a population with an extremely high prevalence of this disease.DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS: KLF11 was sequenced in 24 Pima Indians to identify potentially novel variants. There were 18 variants genotyped in a family-based sample of 1337 Pima Indians to analyze the linkage disequilibrium pattern of this gene and identify representative variants. Four representative variants were further genotyped in a population-based sample of 3501 full-heritage Pima Indians for association analyses. Among these subjects, 413 had undergone metabolic studies when they were nondiabetic to measure traits that predict T2D.RESULTS: Neither the Q62R nor any other common variant in KLF11 was associated with T2D in the Pima population. In addition, no variant was associated with insulin secretion or insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate.CONCLUSIONS: Common variation in KLF11 variation does not appear to influence the population-based risk for developing T2D among full-heritage Pima Indians. Thus, KLF11 is unlikely to play a major role in the etiology of T2D among this Native American population.
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- Payton, K. S., et al.
(författare)
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Antioxidant status alters levels of Fas-associated death domain-like IL-1B-converting enzyme inhibitory protein following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia
- 2007
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Ingår i: Dev Neurosci. - 1421-9859. ; 29:4-5, s. 403-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activation of Fas death receptor (Fas DR) signaling cascade is seen after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI). Cell survival is favored when signaling through the death-inducing signaling complex and cleavage of caspase 8 to its active form is blocked by FLIP, a dominant negative of caspase 8. H2O2 quickly downregulates expression of FLIP. Neonatal mice overexpressing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) have less injury and less H2O2 accumulation compared with neonatal mice overexpressing superoxide dismutase (SOD) or wild-type (WT) littermates. Expression of both FLIP(L) and FLIP(S) is increased in GPx-oxerexpressing mice relative to WT mice at 24 h and relative to SOD-overexpressing mice at 2 and 24 h following neonatal HI (ANOVA, p < 0.05). There is an increase in Fas DR expression at 24 h in both WT and GPx-overexpressing mice and significant differences between WT and SOD-overexpressing mice (ANOVA, p < 0.01). There is no difference in FADD expression among the 3 groups 24 h after HI. At 24 h following HI, the ratio of FLIP to Fas DR expression supports a significant negative correlation with injury score (r2 = 0.99, slope = -4.01), and expression of both the active fragment of caspase 8 and caspase 8 activity is increased in SOD overexpressors compared to GPx overexpressors at 24 h after HI (ANOVA, p < 0.05). The overall degree of injury previously seen in these 3 strains correlates well with changes in expression of Fas DR signaling proteins favoring neuroprotection in the GPx-overexpressing mice, i.e. increased FLIP expression and decreased caspase 8 activity compared to SODtg mice. The mechanism by which antioxidant status alters FLIP levels following neonatal HI may be related to the ability to detoxify H2O2 produced following neonatal HI.
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7. |
- Squier, W., et al.
(författare)
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Demonstration of fluid channels in human dura and their relationship to age and intradural bleeding
- 2009
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Ingår i: Child's Nervous System. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-0350 .- 0256-7040. ; 25:8, s. 925-931
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to make a systematic study of human dura to establish the presence of fluid transport channels and their relationship to age. Samples of parasagittal dura from autopsy cases from mid-gestation to the ninth decade were examined by light microscopy. We have demonstrated the presence of unlined rounded spaces, uncommon in the fetus and neonate but increasingly evident after 30 weeks of postnatal life. We have shown that intradural bleeding is inversely correlated with the presence of these channels and with age. We suggest that dural maturation, involving the development of arachnoid granulations, may be related to dilatation of intradural fluid channels, allowing them to be identified histologically. The risk of reflux of blood into the dura appears to reduce with age.
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