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- Maddux, Rachel, et al.
(författare)
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Select comorbid personality disorders and the treatment of chronic depression with nefazodone, targeted psychotherapy, or their combination.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 1573-2517 .- 0165-0327. ; 117:3, s. 174-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Individuals with chronic depression respond poorly to both medication and psychotherapy. The reasons for the poorer response, however, remain unclear. One potential factor is the presence of comorbid Axis II personality disorders (PDs), which occur at high rates among these patients. METHODS: This study examines the moderating influence of co-occurring PDs, primarily in cluster C, among 681 chronically depressed adult outpatients who were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of treatment with nefazodone, a specialized psychotherapy for chronic depression, or their combination. RESULTS: At baseline, 50.4% (n=343) of patients met criteria for one or more Axis II disorders. Following 12 weeks of treatment, patients with comorbid PDs had statistically lower depression scores (M=12.2, SD=+9.2) than patients without comorbid PDs (M=13.5, SD=+8.7). There was no differential impact of a comorbid PD on responsiveness to medication versus psychotherapy. The results did not change when the data were analyzed using an intent-to-treat sample or when individual personality disorders were examined separately. LIMITATIONS: Patients with severe borderline, antisocial, and schizotypal PDs were excluded from study entry; therefore, these data primarily apply to patients with cluster C PDs and may not generalize to other Axis II conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid Axis II disorders did not negatively affect treatment outcome and did not differentially affect response to psychotherapy versus medication. Treatment formulations for chronically depressed patients with certain PDs may not need to differ from treatment formulations of chronically depressed patients without co-occurring PDs.
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| 2. |
- Bäckström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A Structural Validation of an Inventory Based on the Abridged Five Factor Circumplex Model (AB5C)
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Personality Assessment. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-7752 .- 0022-3891. ; 91:5, s. 462-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the structural validity of an inventory from the International Personality Item Pool (Goldberg et al., 2006) that is based on the Abridged Five Factor Circumplex (AB5C) model. In a Swedish sample of 1,080 subjects using confirmatory factor analysis, we found that the majority of investigated facets had a primary loading on 1 of the 5 personality factors and a secondary loading on another factor. These results provide overall support for the inventory and indirect support for the AB5C model. Some of the problems detected in the inventory appear to be rooted at the item level and may be a result of how the AB5C is operationalized. Thus, the inventory still requires some refinement and is not in its final stage of development. Nevertheless, our preliminary results are very promising, and we believe the AB5C model deserves renewed attention in trait psychology.
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| 3. |
- Edwards, Deidre M., et al.
(författare)
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Anxiolytic Drugs
- 2008
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Ingår i: Psychiatry. - Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 9780470065716 ; , s. 2223-2253
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter provides a brief history of the evolution of medications used to treat anxiety and anxiety disorders, as described in the Diagnostics and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). We also summarize the efficacy and adverse effects data from clinical trials for these medications. Medication classes reviewed include antidepressants, benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, anticonvulsants, and antipsychotics. Treatment outcomes and clinical implications are reviewed for each of the individual medication classes.
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| 6. |
- Maddux, Rachel, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting the Scientist-practitioner Mindset in Clinical Training
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 37:4, s. 213-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- While the scientist-practitioner model of training has enjoyed wide-spread appeal, difficulties in implementing the model have continued since its inception. Despite these difficulites, we remain advocates of the model and believe responsibility for inculcating a scientist-practitioner mindset rests with both training programs and trainees themselves. Thus, we offer several suggestions for both trainees and training programs in hopes of perpetuating the scientist-practitioner ideal.
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