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- Gustafson, Sigrid B., et al.
(författare)
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Aspects of the development of a career versus homemaking orientation among females : the longitudinal influence of educational motivation and peers
- 1989
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Ingår i: Journal of research on adolescence. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1050-8392 .- 1532-7795. ; 2:3, s. 241-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we propose that, among females, high educational motivation in adolescence is related to a young adult orientation toward career whereas low educational motivation in adolescence is related to a young adult orientation toward homemaking. It is further hypothesized that, particularly for adolescents with low educational motivation, initial orientation is affected by the differential influences of nonconventional peer types: older peers, younger peers, working peers, or a steady boyfriend. Subjects (N = 450) from a Swedish longitudinal study were chosen on the basis of their peer networks at age 15. The results demonstrate (a) that educational motivation at age 15 comprised a valid indicator of career versus homemaking orientation at age 26, and (b) that, with respect to the young adult outcomes, adolescents with low educational motivation are more susceptible to the hypothesized nonconventional peer influences than are their counterparts with high educational motivation. Discussion emphasizes the value of a longitudinal perspective and of specifying conditions under which differential patterns of development might be observed.
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- Jacobsson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Abnormality of adenylate cyclase regulation in human platelet membranes in renal insufficiency.
- 1985
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Ingår i: European journal of clinical investigation. - 0014-2972. ; 15:2, s. 75-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adenylate cyclase in human platelets is under dual control of prostaglandins (PGI2 and PGE1) and catecholamines. The adenylate cyclase complex in membranes of platelets from ten patients with uraemia was investigated. The activation of the platelet cyclase by PGE1 is increased in the uraemic state, Vmax 4436 +/- 607 pmol cAMP mg-1 15 min-1. In the normal state Vmax is 2098 +/- 309 pmol cAMP mg-1 15 min-1. The alpha 2-adrenergic receptor was assayed with 3H-yohimbine binding. The density of receptors was equal in the uraemic (175 fmol mg-1 membrane protein) and the normal (170 fmol mg-1 membrane protein) states. Norepinephrine/3H-yohimbine competition binding revealed that catecholamines were bound with normal affinity in platelets in uraemia. Yet the inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor was diminished since Vmax values of adenylate cyclase with PGE1 and PGE2 + norepinephrine did not significantly differ. In the normal state, norepinephrine significantly (P less than 0.05) inhibited the PGE1 stimulated cyclase. It is concluded that platelet adenylate cyclase in the uraemia has an increased capacity for activation which is the result of both a sensitized stimulatory mechanism (prostaglandin mediated) and a deficient inhibitory mechanism (catecholamine mediated). It is suggested that a defect exists in the inhibitory nucleotide binding protein (NI) which is the coupling unit between the adenylate cyclase catalytic subunit (C).
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- Magnusson, M, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship of optokinetic nystagmus to pursuit eye movements, vestibular nystagmus and to saccades in humans. A clinical study
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - 0001-6489. ; 101:5-6, s. 70-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship of mean velocity of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) to pursuit eye movements (PEM), to vestibular nystagmus and to voluntary saccades was analysed in 10 patients with peripheral vestibular lesions and in 30 patients with central vestibular lesions. PEM and vestibular nystagmus were significantly correlated to OKN, suggesting that a common neural pathway is used in the generation of these eye movements. Weak or no correlation was found between saccadic peak velocity and slow phase velocity of OKN. Using multiple linear regression analysis, it was found that 78.5% of the variation in the slow-phase velocity of OKN could be explained by a synthesis of PEM and vestibular test data. PEM test data were more powerful than those of vestibular nystagmus in deduction of OKN. The possible appearance of slow build-up of OKN could not be deduced from the reduction of PEM. Hence, the relationship between PEM and OKN in man is not a simple linear one, but is more complex.
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