| 1. |
- Holmgren, Rebecka, et al.
(författare)
-
Bidirectional associations between workplace bullying and sickness absence due to common mental disorders : a propensity-score matched cohort study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - 1471-2458. ; 24:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The link between workplace bullying and poor mental health is well-known. However, little is known about the prospective and potentially reciprocal association between workplace bullying and mental health-related sickness absence. This 2-year prospective study examined bidirectional associations between exposure to workplace bullying and sickness absence due to common mental disorders (SA-CMD) while controlling for confounding factors from both work and private life.Methods The study was based on propensity score-matched samples (N = 3216 and N = 552) from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health, using surveys from years 2012, 2014 and 2016. Self-reported exposure to workplace bullying was linked to registry-based information regarding medically certified SA-CMD (≥ 14 consecutive days). The associations were examined by means of Cox proportional hazards regression and via conditional logistic regression analysis. Hazard ratios and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated.Results Exposure to workplace bullying was associated with an increased risk of incident SA-CMD (HR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0–1.8), after accounting for the influence of job demands, decision authority, previous SA-CMD, as well as other sociodemographic covariates. However, we found no statistically significant association between SA-CMD and subsequent workplace bullying (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.7–1.9).Conclusions The results support an association between self-reported workplace bullying and SA-CMD, independent of other sociodemographic factors and workplace stressors. Preventing workplace bullying could alleviate a share of the individual and societal burden caused by SA globally.
|
|
| 2. |
- Klein, Yannick, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of nature-related habits and their relation to mental health outcomes during two years of the COVID-19 pandemic : a population-based study in Sweden
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Public Health. - 2198-1833 .- 1613-2238.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Spending time in natural environments has been linked to mental health benefits, and may have been an important resilience factor during the COVID-19 pandemic, but longitudinal studies are limited. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the development of nature-related habits and their relationship to different mental health outcomes before and during early and later phases of COVID-19 (2019–2022). Furthermore, the buffering potential of nature-related habits on effects of major life events on mental health outcomes was investigated.Subject and methods A subsample of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) was studied during 2018–2022, including follow-ups in early 2021 (n = 1902) and 2022 (n = 1580). Visits to various types of nature, mental health outcomes (symptoms of depression, anxiety, loneliness, sleep difficulties), and major life events were analyzed across the study period while controlling for confounders.Results Greater overall engagement in nature visits, particularly visiting forests or using one’s garden, was associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, loneliness, and sleep problems in early 2021 and 2022.Importantly, changes in nature visits were consistently negatively associated with investigated mental health outcomes across the study period. All nature visits, except for garden time, increased in the long term (2019–2022). Visiting forests also increased in the short term, while overall nature visits initially decreased (2019–2020).Conclusion Generally, nature visits increased longitudinally and were associated with better mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. This underscores the importance of green- and blue-space accessibility for facilitating outdoor recreation in natural environments, to support resilience and public health during pandemics.
|
|
| 3. |
- Raza, Auriba, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Daylight during winters and symptoms of depression and sleep problems : A within-individual analysis
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Environment International. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 183
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: With climate change Northern areas of the globe are expected to have less daylight during winters due to less snow and more cloudiness. While wintertime has been linked to mental health problems, the role of wintertime daylight has been scarcely studied. We examined longitudinal associations for wintertime objective exposure to global radiation and self-reported daylight exposure with symptoms of depression and sleep problems.Methods: Our analytical sample included 15,619 respondents from three Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Surveys of Health (2012, 2014 and 2016). Objective exposure was global radiation (MJ/m2, November-January and November-February). Subjective exposure was based on self-reported time spent outdoors in daylight (<1 h vs. ≥ 1 h, November-January). Symptoms of depression were evaluated using a six-item subscale of the (Hopkins) Symptom Checklist. Fixed-effects method with conditional logistic regression controlled for time-invariant participant characteristics by design and time-varying covariates were added into models.Results: One unit increase in the four-month averaged global radiation was associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms (OR 0.69, 95 % CI 0.52–0.91). These findings were confirmed using four-month cumulative exposure (OR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.85–0.98). Individuals reporting ≥ 1 h exposure to daylight during winter months were less likely to report depressive symptoms (OR 0.72, 95 % CI 0.60–0.82) compared to time when their exposure was < 1 h. Higher three-month exposure to global radiation suggested a protective association for sleep problems.Conclusion: These findings suggest that higher exposure to daylight during winters may contribute to lower likelihood of depression symptoms.
|
|
| 4. |
- Wijkander, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
A Prospective Twin Study Investigating the Role of Genetics, Early Environment and Neuroticism in the Association Between Exposure to Work-Related Offensive Behaviours and Sickness Absence due to Common Mental Disorders
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Book of Proceedings. - : European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. - 9780992878672 ; , s. 502-502
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Sickness absence (SA) has been shown to be associated with several negative consequences, both for the affected individual as well as for society on the whole, in terms of economic loss. The most common reason for SA is SA due to common mental disorders (CMDs). Previous studies have indicated that there is an association between exposure to work-related offensive behaviours, such as harassment, bullying, violence and threats of different kinds and CMDs. However, the mechanistic pathway in this association is still largely unknown. For example, the associations between exposure to offensive or abusive behaviours and health outcomes may partially be explained by individual characteristics, including genetic predispositions and early experiences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of familial factors (genetics and shared early-life environment) and neuroticism in the associations between exposure to work-related violence/threats and harassment/bullying, and SA due to CMDs.Method: The study sample included 8795 twin individuals from the Swedish Twin project of Disability pension and Sickness absence (STODS), including survey data from the Study of Twin Adults: Genes and Environment (STAGE) linked to national register data. Self-reported work-related violence and/or threats and work-related harassment including bullying and register data on SA due to CMDs were analysed using logistic regression on the whole sample, and conditional logistic regression among complete same-sex twin pairs discordant on exposures. Individuals were followed for a maximum of 13 years or until their first incident SA spell due to CMD. Interactions between neuroticism and exposures were assessed using both multiplicative and additive interaction analyses.Results: Exposure to work-related violence/threats were associated with higher odds of SA due to CMDs when adjusting for age, sex, marital status, children living at home, education, type of residential area, work characteristics, and symptoms of depression and burnout (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.52-2.95). Higher odds of SA due to CMDs were also found for exposure to harassment/bullying (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10-2.11) and a combined indicator of exposure to either of the kinds of exposure or exposure to both kinds, i.e. violence/threats and/or harassment/bullying (OR 1.98 95% CI 1.52-2.59), compared with the unexposed. Analyses of twin pairs discordant on exposure, using the unexposed twin sibling as reference, showed somewhat reduced ORs that were no longer statistically significant for all exposures. No multiplicative interaction was found between neuroticism and exposure to work-related violence/threats, or harassment. However, a statistically significant additive interaction was found between neuroticism and exposure to violence/threats, with higher odds of SA due to CMDs in the group scoring lower on neuroticism.Conclusion: Exposure to work-related offensive behaviours were associated with SA due to CMDs. The results of the matched twin pair analysis indicated that these associations may be confounded by familial factors. In addition, an interaction effect between violence/threats and neuroticism was found. Thus, future studies investigating associations and causality between offensive behaviours at work and mental health-related outcomes should, when possible, consider familial factors and neuroticism.
|
|
| 5. |
- Wijkander, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
The role of familial factors and neuroticism in the association between exposure to offensive behaviors at work and long-term sickness absence due to common mental disorders : a prospective twin study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2458. ; 24:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between exposure to work-related violence/threats and harassment, and future sickness absence (SA) due to common mental disorders (CMDs), taking familial factors (shared genetics and early-life environment) and neuroticism into account. Methods: The study sample included 8795 twin individuals from the Swedish Twin Project of Disability Pension and Sickness Absence (STODS), including survey data from the Study of Twin Adults: Genes and Environment (STAGE). Self-reported work-related violence and/or threats as well as work-related harassment (including bullying) and national register data on SA due to CMDs were analyzed using standard logistic regression, and conditional logistic regression among complete twin pairs discordant on exposures. Individuals were followed for a maximum of 13 years. Interactions between neuroticism and exposures were assessed using both multiplicative and additive interaction analyses. Results: Exposure to work-related violence/threats was associated with higher odds of SA due to CMDs when adjusting for age, sex, marital status, children, education, type of living area, work characteristics, and symptoms of depression and burnout (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.52-2.95). Higher odds of SA due to CMDs were also found for exposure to harassment (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10-2.11) and a combined indicator of exposure to violence/threats and/or harassment (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.52-2.59), compared with the unexposed. Analyses of twins discordant on exposure, using the unexposed co-twin as reference, showed reduced ORs. These ORs were still elevated but no longer statistically significant, potentially due to a lack of statistical power. No multiplicative interaction was found between neuroticism and exposure to work-related violence/threats, or harassment. However, a statistically significant additive interaction was found between neuroticism and exposure to violence/threats, indicating higher odds of SA due to CMDs in the group scoring lower on neuroticism. Conclusions: Exposure to work-related offensive behaviors was associated with SA due to CMDs. However, the results indicated that these associations may be partly confounded by familial factors. In addition, an interaction between exposure and neuroticism was suggested. Thus, when possible, future studies investigating associations and causality between offensive behaviors at work and mental health-related outcomes, should consider familial factors and neuroticism.
|
|
