| 1. |
- Almquist-Tangen, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Minskat antal hembesök inom barnhälsovården : Sjuksköterskornas attityder avgörande för hur verksamheten utvecklas
- 2010
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 107:47, s. 2968-2971
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Home visitations to newly become parents have a long tradition in Sweden. The aim is to give the parents an opportunity to talk about their new situation, to give information on child care and nurse- examine the infant. In recent years, the proportion of families receiving home visits has decreased.The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes of the child health care nurses to home visitations, the frequency in which they were made and to study the organizational conditions for making these visits.The study consisted of a survey of the frequency in which visits were performed and a questionnaire to all CHC nurses in Sweden exploring their attitudes to home visitations.The questionnaire was sent to 2355 nurses and 1834 responded (78.3%). According to the nurses there were three main reasons for not doing home visitations: the parents declined, lack of time and large districts. There were no differences either in terms of various organizational arrangements or the individual nurse’s work-experience. Remarkably the reasons for not doing home visitation do not correlate with the statements made by them indicating how important they declared these visits to be. Indications are that nurse’s attitudes to home visits as a primary child health care practice is a critical factor that should be studied further. Likewise further exploration is needed on parental attitudes to home visitation. Above all, the nurses need more support and training in such matters, which each respective county child health unit should take more responsibility for.
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| 2. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Localization of the insulin receptor in caveolae of adipocyte plasma membrane
- 1999
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Ingår i: The FASEB Journal. - 0892-6638 .- 1530-6860. ; 13:14, s. 1961-1971
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The insulin receptor is a transmembrane protein of the plasma membrane, where it recognizes extracellular insulin and transmits signals into the cellular signaling network. We report that insulin receptors are localized and signal in caveolae microdomains of adipocyte plasma membrane. Immunogold electron microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy show that insulin receptors are restricted to caveolae and are colocalized with caveolin over the plasma membrane. Insulin receptor was enriched in a caveolae-enriched fraction of plasma membrane. By extraction with β-cyclodextrin or destruction with cholesterol oxidase, cholesterol reduction attenuated insulin receptor signaling to protein phosphorylation or glucose transport. Insulin signaling was regained by spontaneous recovery or by exogenous replenishment of cholesterol. β-Cyclodextrin treatment caused a nearly complete annihilation of caveolae invaginations as examined by electron microscopy. This suggests that the receptor is dependent on the caveolae environment for signaling. Insulin stimulation of cells prior to isolation of caveolae or insulin stimulation of the isolated caveolae fraction increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor in caveolae, demonstrating that insulin receptors in caveolae are functional. Our results indicate that insulin receptors are localized to caveolae in the plasma membrane of adipocytes, are signaling in caveolae, and are dependent on caveolae for signaling.
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| 3. |
- Immerstrand, Charlotte, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Height changes associated with pigment aggregation in Xenopus laevis melanophores
- 2004
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Ingår i: Bioscience Reports. - : Portland Press Ltd.. - 0144-8463 .- 1573-4935. ; 24:3, s. 203-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Melanophores are pigment cells found in the skin of lower vertebrates. The brownish-black pigment melanin is stored in organelles called melanosomes. In response to different stimuli, the cells can redistribute the melanosomes, and thereby change colour. During melanosome aggregation, a height increase has been observed in fish and frog melanophores across the cell centre. The mechanism by which the cell increases its height is unknown. Changes in cell shape can alter the electrical properties of the cell, and thereby be detected in impedance measurements. We have in earlier studies of Xenopus laevis melanophores shown that pigment aggregation can be revealed as impedance changes, and therefore we were interested in investigating the height changes associated with pigment aggregation further. Accordingly, we quantified the changes in cell height by performing vertical sectioning with confocal microscopy. In analogy with theories explaining the leading edge of migrating cells, we investigated the possibility that the elevation of plasma membrane is caused by local swelling due to influx of water through HgC12-sensitive aquaporins. We also measured the height of the microtubule structures to assess whether they are involved in the height increase. Our results show that pigment aggregation in X. laevis melanophores resulted in a significant height increase, which was substantially larger when aggregation was induced by latrunculin than with melatonin. Moreover, the elevation of the plasma membrane did not correlate with influx of water through aquaporins or formation of new microtubules, Rather, the accumulation of granules seemed to drive the change in cell height.
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| 4. |
- Johansen, Kine, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical utility of the Structured Observation of Motor Performance in Infants within the child health services
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the Structured Observation of Motor Performance in Infants (SOMP-I) when used by nurses in routine child healthcare by analyzing the nurses' SOMP-I assessments and the actions taken when motor problems were suspected.Method: Infants from three child health centers in Uppsala County, Sweden, were consecutively enrolled in a longitudinal study. The 242 infants were assessed using SOMP-I by the nurse responsible for the infant as part of the regular well-child visits at as close to 2, 4, 6 and 10 months of age as possible. The nurses noted actions taken such as giving advice, scheduling an extra follow-up or referring the infant to specialized care. The infants' motor development was reassessed at 18 months of age through review of medical records or parental report.Results: The assessments of level of motor development at 2 and 10 months showed a distribution corresponding to the percentile distribution of the SOMP-I method. Fewer infants than expected were assessed as delayed at 4 and 6 months or deficient in quality at all assessment ages. When an infant was assessed as delayed in level or deficient in quality, the likelihood of the nurse taking actions increased. This increased further if both delay and quality deficit were found at the same assessment or if one or both were found at repeated assessments. The reassessment of the motor development at 18 months did not reveal any missed infants with major motor impairments.Interpretation: The use of SOMP-I appears to demonstrate favorable clinical utility in routine child healthcare as tested here. Child health nurses can assess early motor performance using this standardized assessment method, and using the method appears to support them the clinical decision-making.
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| 5. |
- Lagerberg, Dagmar, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Asking about Postpartum Depressive Symptoms : An Easy Way to Identify Maternal Distress at 18 Months?
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Archives of Nursing and Health Care. ; 1:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To determine whether a simple question about maternal recall of postpartum depressive symptoms could aid in identifying maternal distress at 18 months postpartum.Methods: 1168 mothers of children aged 17-20 months completed a questionnaire including the item "Were you low/sad after delivery?" Low postpartum distress (PD) was defined as "no, not at all", medium PD "yes, somewhat", and high PD "yes, very". Maternal stress, perceived child difficultness and difficulty to handle child mobility, i.e. to prevent the child from moving around in a way the mother may find tiresome, were used as criteria of current maternal distress.Results: With one exception (spouse relationship stress), low PD mothers reported the most favourable and high PD mothers the least favourable outcomes in terms of stress, perceived child difficulty and problems handling child mobility, with medium PD mothers in between. All these differences were significant. Effect sizes were small to large.Conclusions: Our questionnaire item about postpartum distress seemed valid in differentiating between levels of current maternal distress, defined in terms of stress, perceived child difficultness and difficulty to handle child mobility. The fact that our item was retrospective and required recall by the mothers limited its value somewhat. However, our findings indicate that the 18-month check-up at the child health centre offers a good opportunity for asking, on a routine basis, some simple question about the mother's current stress or distress.
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| 6. |
- Lagerberg, Dagmar, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Child health and maternal stress : does neighbourhood status matter?
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0334-0139 .- 2191-0278. ; 23:1, s. 19-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this cross-sectional questionnaire study was to explore neighbourhood-level differences in health behaviour, maternal stress and sense of coherence, birth weight, child health and behaviour, and children's television watching habits. In total, 2006 pairs of Swedish mothers and children, aged approximately 20 months, from the general population participated in the study. A total of 1923 lived in neighbourhoods of average socioeconomic status in six counties, and 83 in a high-status neighbourhood in one of the counties. Data were collected in 2002-2003 and 2004-2005 through the Child Health Services. Socio-demographic confounders were adjusted for in multiple logistic regressions (maternal age, country of birth, education, marital status and parity). Compared with their counterparts in average neighbourhoods, mothers in the high-status neighbourhood were less frequently smokers and had been breastfeeding their children more. They felt less stress from social isolation and had a higher sense of coherence. All these differences except lower social isolation were non-significant after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics. Privileged mothers felt more restricted by their parenting tasks (unadjusted comparison), and more privileged children were frequent television watchers. Child birth weight, health and behaviour were no better in the privileged than in average neighbourhoods. This paper adds to previous knowledge by showing that status-based geographic differences in important parenting and health parameters can be non-significant in an equitable society such as Sweden, where all families with young children have access to free high-quality health services. Individual characteristics could provide better explanations than neighbourhood status.
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| 7. |
- Lagerberg, Dagmar, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Child health services in transition : II. Mothers´ perceptions of 18-month-old children in the light of socio-economic status and some subjective factors
- 2005
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 94:3, s. 337-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To analyse mothers' self-assessed quality of interaction with their children and their opinions about child difficulty with respect to socio-economic status and subjective factors: postnatal depression, social isolation, sense of coherence and locus of control. METHODS AND MATERIAL: A comprehensive questionnaire was completed by 1039 mothers of 18-mo-old children participating in the baseline measurements of a Swedish multicentre study developing and testing a new psychosocial model for the child health services. RESULTS: All subjective factors, including the number of factors, showed significant associations with perceived interaction and difficultness. Effect sizes of subjective factors ranged from about 0.3 to 1 SD for interaction, and from about 0.2 to 0.8 SD for difficultness. As for difficultness, effect sizes were larger for boys. There were no associations between high socio-economic status and high-quality interaction or low child difficultness: the few significant differences in fact favoured low-status children. CONCLUSION: The results provided some contradictory findings to the well-known association between high socio-economic status and favourable outcome. This result is of practical relevance for interventions: supportive programmes cannot be limited to areas and families of low socio-economic status. Positive effects may ensue if subjective factors like those studied here can be promoted among parents and children through the child health services.
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| 8. |
- Lagerberg, Dagmar, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in breastfeeding rate between mothers delivering by caesarean section and those delivering vaginally
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 49:8, s. 899-903
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of delivery on breastfeeding at 6 months, with special focus on caesarean section combined with established breastfeeding at 2 months.Methods: Delivery mode and breastfeeding at 2 and 6 months were studied in a database of 130,993 infants from two Swedish counties between 1990-2011.Results: The difference in breastfeeding rates at 6 months between children delivered by caesarean section and children delivered vaginally was smaller in a subpopulation of children with established breastfeeding at 2 months compared to all children. The impact of delivery method on breastfeeding at 6 months was independent of child gender, mother's first child, maternal smoking and maternal education.Conclusions: Breastfeeding in mothers giving birth by caesarean section is more likely to continue until (at least) 6 months if established early (at 2 months). It may be worthwhile to promote breastfeeding for mothers who deliver by caesarean section.
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| 9. |
- Lagerberg, Dagmar, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Drawing the line in the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) : a vital decision
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0334-0139 .- 2191-0278. ; 23:1, s. 27-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is widely used in early child health care. This study examined the appropriateness of the recommended EPDS cut-off score 11/12. METHODS: Two main analyses were performed: 1. Associations between EPDS scores and maternal health behaviour, stress, life events, perceived mother-child interaction quality and child behaviour. 2. Screening parameters of the EPDS, i.e., sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value. EPDS scores were available for 438 mothers and maternal questionnaires for 361 mothers. RESULTS: Already in the EPDS score intervals 6-8 and 9-11, there were notable adversities, according to maternal questionnaires, in stress, perceived quality of mother-child interaction, perceived child difficultness and child problem behaviours. Using maternal questionnaire reports about sadness/distress postpartum as standard, the recommended EPDS cut-off score 11/12 resulted in a very low sensitivity (24%). The cutoff score 6/7 yielded a sensitivity of 61%, a specificity of 82% and a positive predictive value of 61%. CONCLUSIONS: In terms of both clinical relevance and screening qualities, an EPDS cut-off score lower than 11/12 seems recommendable.
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| 10. |
- Lagerberg, Dagmar, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Hörnfeldt bortser från viktiga perspektiv
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tvärsnitt. - Stockholm : Vetenskapsrådet. - 0348-7997. ; :1, s. 22-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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