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- Buitelaar, Jan K, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective, multicenter, open-label assessment of atomoxetine in non-North American children and adolescents with ADHD.
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 13:4, s. 249-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to study treatment response to atomoxetine in a large, multicenter study of non-North American patients with ADHD. METHODS: A total of 604 children and adolescents with ADHD were enrolled in a 10-week open-label trial with atomoxetine prior to randomization to a double-blind relapse prevention phase at 33 sites in the United Kingdom, continental Europe, Israel, South Africa, and Australia. All patients had ADHD symptom severity at least 1.5 standard deviations above United States age and gender norms for their diagnostic subtype as measured by the investigator-scored ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD RS). Outcomes were assessed by analysis of change in the ADHD RS; functional and psychosocial outcomes were assessed using the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ). RESULTS: At endpoint, ADHD RS total scores decreased by an average of 56.7%, and 69% of patients were rated as having no or minimal symptoms. Significant improvement was observed in psychosocial and functional outcomes. Discontinuations attributed to adverse events were < 4%. CONCLUSION: These open-label data, gathered in an international setting, add to our knowledge of the value of atomoxetine in treating ADHD symptoms, as well as its safety and tolerability.
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| 3. |
- Wood, Sidney A J, et al.
(författare)
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A cinefluorographic study of uvular consonants in Swedish and West Greenlandic. Poster presented at the conference From Sound to Sense
- 2004
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Ingår i: From Sound to Sense: 50+ Years of Discoveries in Speech Communication (CD-ROM).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This poster concerns the articulation of uvular consonants with particular reference to quantal aspects of speech production. Data from X-ray motion films are presented. Two speakers of Southern Swedish give examples of [R], and one speaker of West Greenlandic Inuit gives examples of [R] and [q]. Traditionally, uvular consonants are said to be produced by articulating the dorsum against the uvula. Unfortunately, this ought not work, owing to the presence of air passages either side of the uvular: (1) these passages should prevent occlusion for a stop, (2) similarly they should prevent necessary conditions for a Bernoulli force for a tremulant, and (3) they should prevent a Reynolds number sufficiently small for fricatives. The formant transitions to vowels adjacent to these consonants suggest instead that the place of articulation is in the upper pharynx, at the same place as is constricted for [o]-like vowels. The X-ray films confirm that these three subjects constrict the upper pharynx for these consonants. But there was a difference of timing of the uvular consonant gesture for these two languages. The Swedish subjects completed the vowel as usual and then initiated the uvular tongue body gesture. The Inuit subject initiated both vowel and uvular consonant gestures earlier, so that the vocoid segment consisted of the transition to the uvular consonant, reflecting the regular pharyngeal assimilation of vowels preceding uvulars in West Greenlandic.
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