| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Drake, Anna Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Reliability of isokinetic ankle dorsiflexor strength measurements in healthy young men and women
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5505 .- 1940-2228. ; 31:4, s. 229-239
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purposes of this study were: (i) to determine the test-retest reliability of isokinetic ankle dorsiflexor strength measurements in young healthy adults using the Biodex dynamometer, and (ii) to examine several statistical measures for the interpretation of reliability. Thirty men and women (mean age 23 +/- 3 years) performed three maximal concentric contractions at 30 degrees/s, 60 degrees/s, 90 degrees/s, 120 degrees/s and 150 degrees/s. Reliability of peak torque, work and torque at a specific time were assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 2,1), Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r), standard error of the measurement (SEM), method error (ME) and coefficient of variation (CV), and by plotting the differences between observations against their means. Isokinetic tests of ankle dorsiflexor strength in healthy young adults using the Biodex dynamometer were highly reliable (ICC 0.61-0.93). It is recommended that test-retest reliability analyses include the ICC and assessments of measurement errors (SEM, ME or CV), as well as graphs to indicate any systematic variations in the data.
|
|
| 5. |
- Rojas, Ana Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Nicotinamide as a repair inhibitor in vivo: single and fractionated X-ray dose studies in mouse skin and kidneys
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Radiation Research. - 0033-7587 .- 1938-5404. ; 145:4, s. 419-431
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inhibitors of adenosine diphosphoribosyl transferase, like nicotinamide, 3-aminobenzamide and other analogues, can inhibit repair of radiation-induced sublethal and/or potentially lethal damage in some in vitro systems. Therefore, we have tested the effect of nicotinamide on repair parameters in vivo in two rodent normal tissues. In skin, the sensitivity to dose fractionation (1, 2, 5 or 10 X-ray fractions in 5 days) was monitored by defining the alpha/beta ratio in the presence or absence of nicotinamide (0.5 mg g-1) in air or carbogen. Pre- and postirradiation sensitization were investigated using an X-ray schedule of 5 fractions/5 days in carbogen alone or combined with nicotinamide given 1 h before, immediately after or 8 h after irradiation. Also, changes in the steepness of the underlying X-ray survival curve for the target skin clonogens, reflected by a change in the alpha/beta ratio, were investigated using the neutron top-up design. Underlying survival curves for oxygen +/- nicotinamide were obtained over the X-ray dose range 2.5 to 25 Gy, by administering single X-ray doses and following these with single top-up doses of d(4)-Be neutrons. Finally, in mouse kidney, recovery half-times (t1/2) were obtained by determining the time-dependent disappearance of X-ray damage using a split-dose design of two 6-Gy fractions separated by an interval which varied from 0 to 48 h and followed by two top-up doses from a neutron beam. No increase in alpha/beta for epidermal damage was seen with nicotinamide alone and, although sensitization was observed when the drug was given 1 h before irradiation, no postirradiation sensitization was detected. In kidney, there was no significant difference in the proportion of total repairable damage or in the half-life of recovery between treatments given with or without nicotinamide. Therefore, no decrease in normal tissue tolerance should be observed with the use of nicotinamide in clinical radiotherapy resulting either from reduced sparing with dose fractionation or from an increase in residual damage when shortening the interfraction interval. Finally, unless repair of radiation damage in normal tissues in vivo differs markedly from that of tumors, it is unlikely that the large sensitization seen in rodent tumors at 1.5 to 2 Gy per fraction, with carbogen and nicotinamide, can be attributed to nicotinamide acting as a repair inhibitor.
|
|
| 6. |
- Cunha, Maria Teresa, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of electrolytes and surfactants on the thermoseparation of an ethylene oxide–propylene oxide random copolymer in aqueous solution
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography. B. - 1387-2273. ; 711:1-2, s. 53-60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermoseparation of aqueous solutions of Breox 50 A 1000, an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide 50:50 (w/w) random copolymer, was studied. The cloud-point diagram for Breox in water solution and the effects of electrolytes and surfactants on the cloud-point temperature (CPT) were determined. The Breox concentration in both phases after the thermoseparation was followed with a reversed-phase HPLC method. The effects of separation temperature and additives on phase composition were evaluated.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ellström, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of tissue trauma after laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomy: measurements of neutrophil activation and release of interleukin-6, cortisol, and C-reactive protein.
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Surgeons. - 1072-7515. ; 182:5, s. 423-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Trauma and major surgery stimulate a cascade of events that mediate the inflammatory response. The aim of our study was to determine whether or not hysterectomy leads to release of cytokines, cortisol, and C-reactive protein (CRP), activation of neutrophils, and activation of the complement cascade. A further aim was to compare laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomy with regard to the same parameters. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-four consecutive patients were randomized to either abdominal (n = 12) or laparoscopic hysterectomy (n = 12). Blood samples were drawn preoperatively, intraoperatively, and then at one minute, 24 hours, and seven days postoperatively. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were used to evaluate cytokine release, cortisol and CRP to evaluate the inflammatory response, and polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase to detect neutrophil activation. To evaluate complement activation, the terminal C5b-9 complement complex (TCC) was determined. RESULTS: Interleukin-6 concentrations were significantly elevated one minute and 24 hours postoperatively in both groups. Independent of the surgical technique or operative time, the highest IL-6 concentration was reached four hours after beginning the operation. Cortisol levels were significantly elevated during and after the operation in both groups. C-reactive peptide levels were significantly elevated in both groups 24 hours and seven days after the operation. Polymorphonuclear elastase was elevated 24 hours postoperatively in both groups. There were no signs of complement activation during the operative period or postoperatively in either patient group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate serious tissue trauma during both laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomy. The extent of surgical trauma did not differ between the two operative methods.
|
|
| 8. |
- Granqvist, Claes-Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards the smart window : progress in electrochromics
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. - 0022-3093 .- 1873-4812. ; 218, s. 273-279
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochromic devices have the ability to produce reversible and persistent changes of their optical properties. The phenomenon is associated with joint ion and electron transport into/out of an electrochromic thin film, in most cases being a transition metal oxide. This paper outlines the various applications of such devices in smart windows suitable for energy-conscious architecture, in variable-reflectance mirrors, and in display devices. Critical materials issues and design concepts are discussed. The paper also covers two specific research topics: computed electronic structure of crystalline WO3 incorporating ionic species, showing how reflectance modulation emerges from a first-principles calculation; and Li+ dynamics in heavily disordered Ti oxide, illustrating how diffusion constants derived from impedance spectroscopy can be reconciled with the Anderson—Stuart model.
|
|
| 9. |
- Hoff, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Single-neutron states in Sn-133
- 1996
-
Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0031-9007. ; 77:6, s. 1020-1023
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The location of several single-neutron states in Sn-133 has been identified. The P-3/2, h(9/2), and f(5/2) states were found at 853.7, 1560.9, and 2004.6 keV, respectively, by measuring gamma rays in coincidence with delayed neutrons following the decay o
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
