| 1. |
- Areberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Antitumor effect of radioactive cisplatin (191Pt) on nude mice
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. - 0360-3016. ; 49:3, s. 827-832
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of (191)Pt-cisplatin in vivo in terms of the antitumor effect and general toxicity on tumor-bearing nude mice. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Tumor-bearing (human squamous cell carcinoma, AB) nude mice were divided into four groups and given, i.p., physiological saline (controls), cisplatin, (191)Pt-cisplatin (80 MBq/mg), or (191)Pt-cisplatin (160 MBq/mg), respectively. Mortality and weight were used as parameters for monitoring general toxic effect, while specific growth delay (SGD) and the area under the logarithm of the relative tumor size curve (AUC-log[RTS]) were used to evaluate the antitumor effect of the treatments. RESULTS: Both SGD and AUC-log(RTS) values showed that (191)Pt-cisplatin was significantly (P < 0.05) more effective in retarding tumor growth than nonradioactive cisplatin. No differences in mortality between the different groups could be observed and no significant differences in weight change between the mice treated with cisplatin or (191)Pt-cisplatin could be seen. CONCLUSION: (191)Pt-cisplatin is a more effective drug than nonradioactive cisplatin in retarding tumor growth on nude mice without adding systemic toxic effects. We believe that radioactive cisplatin may prove to be an alternative to conventional cisplatin; however, the possible toxic effects on organs at risk have to be thoroughly investigated.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Articus, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Phylogenetic studies in Usnea.
- 2000
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Ingår i: The Fourth IAL Symposium Progress and Problems in Lichenology at the Turn of the Millenium, Abstracts: 100. Barcelona..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Articus, Kristina, 1971-
(författare)
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Phylogenetic Studies in Usnea (Parmeliaceae) and Allied Genera
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with the phylogeny of the lichen genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycetes). The relationships and the morphological variation among Usnea species has been studied, as well as the relationship of Usnea to allied genera. Two species, U. florida and U. subfloridana, which earlier were regarded to form two separate species have been synonymized. In an analysis based on sequence data these two taxa formed a monophyletic group of intermixed specimens. Usnea florida and U. subfloridana have earlier been regarded to form a species pair, but the species pairs concept cannot be applied in this case. The morphological characters traditionally used for species recognition of a number of European Usnea species have been analyzed regarding their reliability. The evolution and distribution of the morphological characters was studied in relation to a phylogeny based on sequence data. Most characters proved to be homoplastic in relation to the phylogeny. Few characters were consistent in a clade, and the same character could be inconsistent in another clade. Therefore a combination of several characters is recommended for species recognition. The relationship of Neuropogon to Usnea was investigated based on sequence data. Neuropogon showed to be closely related to Usnea subg. Usnea. The subgenera Eumitria and Dolichousnea formed the sister group to the clade comprising subg. Usnea and Neuropogon. Usnea is paraphyletic in this investigation. Eumitria is treated as a genus and the subgenus Dolichousnea is elevated to generic rank. The position of Usnea, Neuropogon, Eumitria, and Dolichousnea in the family Parmeliaceae was investigated based on a phylogeny obtained by sequence data. Protousnea probably forms the sister group to the clade of Usnea, Neuropogon, Eumitria, and Dolichousnea. Several monophyletic groups in the family Parmeliaceae were identified.
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| 5. |
- Articus, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Ribosomal DNA and beta-tubulin data do not support the separation of the lichens Usnea florida and U-subfloridana as distinct species
- 2002
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Ingår i: Mycological Research. - 0953-7562 .- 1469-8102. ; 106, s. 412-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lichens Usnea florida and U. subfloridana have since long been recognised as distinct species. They show many similarities in morphology, but have different reproductive strategies. Usnea florida is always provided with many apothecia and produces no specialised asexual propagules. Usnea subfloridana has soralia, isidiomorphs and occasionally apothecia. Phylogenetic analyses based on continuous sequences of the ITS and LSU regions of the nuclear ribosomal DNA and the gene coding for beta-tubulin, show that specimens of the two species form one monophyletic group of intermixed specimens, and not two groups corresponding to morphology, which Would have been expected if two species were at hand. The 'species pair' concept in lichenology is discussed. Other Usnea species included in the study are: U. articulata, U. barbata, U. ceratina, U. filipendula. U. hirta, U. rigida and U. wasmuthii.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Gunnarsson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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No radiation protection reasons for restrictions on C-14 urea breath tests in children.
- 2002
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Ingår i: British Journal of Radiology. - : British Institute of Radiology. - 1748-880X .- 0007-1285. ; 75:900, s. 982-986
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional 14C urea breath tests are normally not used for younger children because the radiation exposure is unknown. High sensitivity accelerator mass spectrometry and an ultra-low amount (440 Bq) of 14C urea were therefore used both to diagnose Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in seven children, aged 3–6 years, and to make radiation dose estimates. The activity used was 125 times lower than the amount normally used for older children and 250 times lower than that used for adults. Results were compared with previously reported biokinetic and dosimetric data for adults and older children aged 7–14 years. 14C activity concentrations in urine and exhaled air per unit administered activity for younger children (3–6 years) correspond well with those for older children (7–14 years). For a child aged 3–6 years who is HP negative, the urinary bladder wall receives the highest absorbed dose, 0.3 mGy MBq-1. The effective dose is 0.1 mSv MBq-1 for the 3-year-old child and 0.07 mSv MBq-1 for the 6-year-old child. For two children, the 10 min and 20 min post-14C administration samples of exhaled air showed a significantly higher amount of 14C activity than for the rest of the children, that is 6% and 19% of administered activity exhaled per hour compared with 0.3–0.9% (mean 0.5%) of administered activity exhaled per hour indicating that these two children that is were HP positive. For a 3-year-old HP positive child, absorbed dose to the urinary bladder wall was 0.3 mGy MBq-1 and effective dose per unit of administered activity was 0.4 mSv MBq-1. Using 55 kBq, which is a normal amount for older children when liquid scintillation counters are used for measurement, the effective dose will be approximately 6 µSv to a 3-year-old HP negative child and 20 µSv to a HP positive child. Thus there is no reason for restrictions on performing a normal 14C urea breath test, even on young children.
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| 9. |
- Magnusson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Levels of C-14 in the terrestrial environment in the vicinity of two European nuclear power plants
- 2004
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Ingår i: Radiocarbon. - 0033-8222. ; 46:2, s. 863-868
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiocarbon is produced in all types of nuclear reactors. Most of the C-14 released into the environment is in the form of gaseous emissions. Recent data on the C-14 concentration found in terrestrial samples taken in the vicinity of nuclear power plants in Romania and Lithuania are presented. We found increased C-14 levels in the surroundings of both power plants. At the Romanian power plant Cernavoda, we found excess levels of C-14 in grass within a distance of about 1000 in, the highest C-14 specific activity being 311 Bq/kg C (approximately 28% above the contemporary C-14 background) found at a distance of 200 in from the point of release (nearest sampling location). At the Lithuanian power plant Ignalina, samples of willow, pine, and spruce showed a C-14 excess of similar magnitude, while significantly higher values were found in moss samples. The samples were analyzed at the accelerator mass spectrometry facility in Lund, Sweden.
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| 10. |
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