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| 2. |
- Abbasi, Rasha, et al.
(författare)
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IceCube search for neutrinos from GRB 221009A
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2023). - : Sissa Medialab Srl.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- GRB 221009A is the brightest Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) ever observed. The observed extremelyhigh flux of high and very-high-energy photons provide a unique opportunity to probe the predictedneutrino counterpart to the electromagnetic emission. We have used a variety of methods to searchfor neutrinos in coincidence with the GRB over several time windows during the precursor, promptand afterglow phases of the GRB. MeV scale neutrinos are studied using photo-multiplier ratescalers which are normally used to search for galactic core-collapse supernovae neutrinos. GeVneutrinos are searched starting with DeepCore triggers. These events don’t have directionallocalization, but instead can indicate an excess in the rate of events. 10 GeV - 1 TeV and >TeVneutrinos are searched using traditional neutrino point source methods which take into accountthe direction and time of events with DeepCore and the entire IceCube detector respectively. The>TeV results include both a fast-response analysis conducted by IceCube in real-time with timewindows of T0 − 1 to T0 + 2 hours and T0 ± 1 day around the time of GRB 221009A, as well asan offline analysis with 3 new time windows up to a time window of T0 − 1 to T0 + 14 days, thelongest time period we consider. The combination of observations by IceCube covers 9 ordersof magnitude in neutrino energy, from MeV to PeV, placing upper limits across the range forpredicted neutrino emission.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Cardeña, Etzel, et al.
(författare)
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Sustained Attention and Motivation in Zen Meditators and Non-meditators
- 2015
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1868-8535 .- 1868-8527. ; 6:5, s. 1082-1087
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the ability of Zen meditators and non-meditators to sustain attention during an ongoing task. We hypothesized that meditators (n = 15) would sustain attention more efficiently than non-meditators (n = 19) by responding faster to task stimuli, making fewer commission errors, and reporting fewer interfering thoughts in the sustained attention to response task (SART). Their motivation to do the SART was evaluated with the motivation scale of the Dundee Stress State Questionnaire (DSSQ), and after participants had completed the SART, they reported whether they had experienced task-related and task-irrelevant interferences through the thinking content scale of the DSSQ. The results indicated that meditators had higher intrinsic motivation (although this scale had very low reliability) towards the SART whereas non-meditators had higher success motivation. Meditators and non-meditators did not significantly differ on commission errors on the SART, but meditators responded faster to SART stimuli. Meditators reported fewer task-related interferences than non-meditators, but the groups did not differ in the amount of task-irrelevant interferences. These results suggest that the difference between meditators and non-meditators is more nuanced than just a generalized improvement of the former in sustained attention.
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| 5. |
- Colombo, Michele, 1975-
(författare)
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Pasolini a Stoccolma
- 2023
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Ingår i: Moderna Språk. - 2000-3560. ; 117:2, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article is an introduction to the monographic issue of Moderna Språk dedicated to Pasolini. It explains the reasons why the special issue was created and summarizes the articles content.
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| 6. |
- de Rezende, Susanna F.
(författare)
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Lower Bounds and Trade-offs in Proof Complexity
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Propositional proof complexity is a field in theoretical computer science that analyses the resources needed to prove statements. In this thesis, we are concerned about the length of proofs and trade-offs between different resources, such as length and space.A classical NP-hard problem in computational complexity is that of determining whether a graph has a clique of size k. We show that for all k ≪ n^(1/4) regular resolution requires length n^Ω(k) to establish that an Erdős–Rényi graph with n vertices and appropriately chosen edge density does not contain a k-clique. In particular, this implies an unconditional lower bound on the running time of state-of-the-artalgorithms for finding a maximum clique.In terms of trading resources, we prove a length-space trade-off for the cutting planes proof system by first establishing a communication-round trade-off for real communication via a round-aware simulation theorem. The technical contri-bution of this result allows us to obtain a separation between monotone-AC^(i-1) and monotone-NC^i.We also obtain a trade-off separation between cutting planes (CP) with unbounded coefficients and cutting planes where coefficients are at most polynomial in thenumber of variables (CP*). We show that there are formulas that have CP proofs in constant space and quadratic length, but any CP* proof requires either polynomial space or exponential length. This is the first example in the literature showing any type of separation between CP and CP*.For the Nullstellensatz proof system, we prove a size-degree trade-off via a tight reduction of Nullstellensatz refutations of pebbling formulas to the reversible pebbling game. We show that for any directed acyclic graph G it holds that G can be reversibly pebbled in time t and space s if and only if there is a Nullstellensatzrefutation of the pebbling formula over G in size t + 1 and degree s.Finally, we introduce the study of cumulative space in proof complexity, a measure that captures the space used throughout the whole proof and not only the peak space usage. We prove cumulative space lower bounds for the resolution proof system, which can be viewed as time-space trade-offs where, when time is bounded, space must be large a significant fraction of the time.
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| 7. |
- Fernandez, Leon, et al.
(författare)
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A Framework for Feedback-Enabled Blackbox Fuzzing Using Context-Free Grammars
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For some 30 years, fuzzing has been a favored methodology for vulnerability discovery and robustness testing by researchers anddevelopers alike. Following the popularity of American Fuzzy Lop and the rise of coverage-guided fuzzing, many state-of-the-art fuzzersemploy heavy instrumentation, work best on small components and often require source code access. For networking equipmentsuch as switches and routers, this may not be feasible. If the software needs to run on or interact with specialized hardware, fuzzingthe equipment on a component level becomes very difficult. Heavy instrumentation may also degrade the performance of the SUTtoo much, thus invalidating the testing. Furthermore, the customers who buy the networking equipment often want to do their ownsecurity or robustness testing, but lack access to the source code.This paper details the design and usage of a grammar-based fuzzing framework and applies it to the Link Layer Discovery Protocol(LLDP), which is commonly used by industrial networking equipment. By modeling the fuzzing campaign as a multi-armed banditproblem, the grammar used to generate frames is able to adapt to observations made by lightweight probes, a novel concept accordingto the author’s knowledge.
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| 8. |
- Moulin, Thiago, et al.
(författare)
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Excitability, synaptic balance, and addiction : The homeostatic dynamics of ionotropic glutamatergic receptors in VTA after cocaine exposure
- 2020
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Ingår i: Behavioral and Brain Functions. - : BMC. - 1744-9081. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glutamatergic AMPA and NMDA receptors in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are central for cocaine first exposure and posterior craving maintenance. However, the exact rules that coordinate the synaptic dynamics of these receptors in dopaminergic VTA neurons and behavioral outcomes are poorly understood. Additionally, synaptic homeostatic plasticity is present in response to chronic excitability changes in neuronal circuits, adjusting the strength of synapses to stabilize the firing rate. Despite having correspondent mechanisms, little is known about the relationship between continuous cocaine exposure and homeostatic synaptic changes in the VTA neurons. Here, we assess the role of homeostatic mechanisms in the neurobiology of cocaine addiction by providing a brief overview of the parallels between cocaine-induced synaptic potentiation and long-term synaptic adaptations, focusing on the regulation of GluA1- and GluN1- containing receptors.
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| 9. |
- Omrane, Alaa, et al.
(författare)
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Surface temperature measurement of flame spread using thermographic phosphors
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 7th IAFSS Symposium on Fire Safety Science. ; , s. 141-152
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A technique based on remote measurements of surface temperature in connection to fires is presented. Pulsed ultraviolet laser radiation at 266 nm and 7 ns duration was used to excite a thermographic phosphor, Mg4FGeO6: Mn, which was adapted on the surface of the investigated material. The laser-induced emission from the phosphor was recorded. A calibration of the phosphorescence lifetime and spectral properties against temperature allowed surface temperature measurements between 25°C and 500°C. The method was tested and compared with thermocouple measurements on burning materials such as lowdensity fiberboards and polymethylmethan acrylate.
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