| 1. |
- Antoniou, Antonis C., et al.
(författare)
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Common alleles at 6q25.1 and 1p11.2 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers
- 2011
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 20:16, s. 3304-3321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 6q25.1, near the ESR1 gene, have been implicated in the susceptibility to breast cancer for Asian (rs2046210) and European women (rs9397435). A genome-wide association study in Europeans identified two further breast cancer susceptibility variants: rs11249433 at 1p11.2 and rs999737 in RAD51L1 at 14q24.1. Although previously identified breast cancer susceptibility variants have been shown to be associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, the involvement of these SNPs to breast cancer susceptibility in mutation carriers is currently unknown. To address this, we genotyped these SNPs in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers from 42 studies from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. In the analysis of 14 123 BRCA1 and 8053 BRCA2 mutation carriers of European ancestry, the 6q25.1 SNPs (r(2) = 0.14) were independently associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA1 mutation carriers [ hazard ratio (HR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.23, P-trend = 4.5 x 10(-9) for rs2046210; HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.18-1.40, P-trend = 1.3 x 10(-8) for rs9397435], but only rs9397435 was associated with the risk for BRCA2 carriers (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01-1.28, P-trend = 0.031). SNP rs11249433 (1p11.2) was associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17, P-trend = 0.015), but was not associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.92-1.02, P-trend = 0.20). SNP rs999737 (RAD51L1) was not associated with breast cancer risk for either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers (P-trend = 0.27 and 0.30, respectively). The identification of SNPs at 6q25.1 associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers will lead to a better understanding of the biology of tumour development in these women.
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| 2. |
- Augustsson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Att kunskapa i mellanrum och genom överlappningar
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vetenskap/konstnärsskap, lärande/lek, lärare/studenter är olika sidor av en dikotom verklighetsuppfattning bland många i den traditionella akademiska kulturen. Syftet med vår workshop är att reflektera över och utmana denna dikotomi genom att skapa ett kunskapens mellanrum där de olika sidorna av dikotomin överlappas. Vi workshopsledare kommer från olika ämnen med varierande bakgrunder och har olika akademiska positioner, men har gemensamt att vi har jobbat länge på högskolevärlden, arbetar både traditionellt akademiskt och konstnärligt och sedan 2,5 år arbetat med en forskningscirkel där vi tillsammans undersökt det gränsöverskridande mötet mellan teori och gestaltning (vetenskap och konstnärsskap). I varsitt mindre forskningsprojekt har vi undersökt hur man kan kunskapa genom reflekterande görande. Dessa forskningsprojekt har också blivit pedagogiska utvecklingsprojekt, då resultaten omsatts i kursutveckling. Teoretiskt ser vi den akademiska kulturen som en del av ett socialt konstruerat rum, både bildligt och bokstavligt, där även kunskapande är en socialt konstruerad aktivitet lärande i och med kroppen. Begreppen hexis, konstruerad kropp och performativitet (Bourdieu; Butler) har därför varit centrala begrepp för oss. Vårt övergripande pedagogiska perspektiv handlar om det reflekterande görandet (Dewey; Schön). Vi arbetar pedagogiskt med multimodalitet (Selander & Kress), sinnligt kunskapande (Polyani; Pink) och hämtar begreppen divicing (Kjølner, Oddey) och intra-aktiv pedagogik (Taguchi) från förskolepedagogik. Vi har även låtit oss inspireras av begreppet parallellek. Begreppet estetiska lärprocesser (Lindstrand & Selander) binder samman vår konstnärlig vetenskapliga och pedagogiska verksamhet. Vårt arbetssätt handlar emellertid framför allt om att omsätta teoretiska begrepp i praktiken. Och det vill vi göra genom workshopen. Vi riktar oss mot kollegor som är intresserade av att utmana traditionella akademiska kulturer och vill reflektera över det gränsöverskridande arbetet mellan teori och praktik. Vårt planerade upplägg är att tillsammans med workshopdeltagare skapa ett kunskapens mellanrum genom kollektiva överlappande vetenskapliga och gestaltande processer. Det tänkta upplägget är:1. En introduktion till projektet Kunskapens mellanrum.2. Övningen introduceras. Det handlar om att med olika enkla material gestalta kunskap genom devicingmetoden och parallellekmetoden.3. Vi genomför övningen genom att använda oss av varandra och rummet. Vetenskaplig kunskap, lärarroll, studentroll, akademisk kultur och akademiska maktrelationer är begrepp som leks med och problematiseras.4. Deltagarna arbetar i en växelverkan med leken, görandet och dokumentation. Vi använder oss av det framtagna gestaltade materialet och gör en analys av och reflektion över det som är dokumenterad kunskap.5. Ett presentations- och utställningsrum skapas, som förhoppningsvis kan vara kvar över konferensen, så att deltagarna och andra kan återkomma för reflektioner.
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| 3. |
- Björkman Lundberg, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Compliance to National Guidelines for Pharmaceutical Treatment of Sleeping Disorders among Elderly Incident Patients in Sweden in PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY, vol 20, issue , pp S203-S203
- 2011
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Ingår i: PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY. - : John Wiley and Sons. ; , s. S203-S203
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:National guidelines for pharmaceutical treatmentof sleeping disorders among elderly state that zopicloneshould be the first choice and that other hypnotics,such as long acting benzodiazepines and propiomazine,should be avoided. According to aggregated data describingprevalent users compliance to guidelines is fairly high. Objectives:The objective of this study was to investigatechoice and volume (DDD) of substance among incidentusers 75 years and older (75+) of hypnotics (N05C) in Swedenand compare between different county councils andwith incident users below 75 years of age. Methods:Data from the Swedish Prescribed Drug registercovering all dispensed prescriptions in Sweden was analyzedfor incident users of hypnotics (15–44, 45–64, 65–74 and 75+ years of age). Incident users were defined aspeople who filled a prescription (index date) of a hypnotic(N05C) during the period December 2009 - November2010 and had not filled any prescription for a hypnotic duringa wash-out period of 24 months before the index date. Results:Among incident patients 75+ (n= 38,620) zopiclone(52.9%), zolpidem (25.4%), and propiomazine(10.4%) were the most frequently used hypnotics. Therewere however differences between different county councilsin Sweden, with zopiclone ranging from 30 % to 68 %. Theincidence for recommended and appropriate hypnoticsincreased with increasing age, whereas the incidence ofinappropriate hypnotics did not. The prescribed volume ofinappropriate hypnotics was generally larger than the prescribedvolume of recommended hypnotics. Conclusions:The compliance to current guidelines onchoice of hypnotics for the elderly is fairly good, althoughthere is considerable variation between county councils.There are tendencies towards larger mean volumes of inappropriatehypnotics, although further studies are needed toconfirm these findings. Another aspect of quality in treatmentwith sleeping agents is to which extent incident userscontinue their treatment and for how long. This is an issuefor further research.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ding, Yuan C, et al.
(författare)
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A nonsynonymous polymorphism in IRS1 modifies risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers in BRCA1 and ovarian cancer in BRCA2 mutation carriers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 21:8, s. 1362-1370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We previously reported significant associations between genetic variants in insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and breast cancer risk in women carrying BRCA1 mutations. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether the IRS1 variants modified ovarian cancer risk and were associated with breast cancer risk in a larger cohort of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.METHODS: IRS1 rs1801123, rs1330645, and rs1801278 were genotyped in samples from 36 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Data were analyzed by a retrospective cohort approach modeling the associations with breast and ovarian cancer risks simultaneously. Analyses were stratified by BRCA1 and BRCA2 status and mutation class in BRCA1 carriers.RESULTS: Rs1801278 (Gly972Arg) was associated with ovarian cancer risk for both BRCA1 (HR, 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.92; P = 0.019) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.39-3.52, P = 0.0008). For BRCA1 mutation carriers, the breast cancer risk was higher in carriers with class II mutations than class I mutations (class II HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.28-2.70; class I HR, 0.86; 95%CI, 0.69-1.09; P(difference), 0.0006). Rs13306465 was associated with ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 class II mutation carriers (HR, 2.42; P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: The IRS1 Gly972Arg single-nucleotide polymorphism, which affects insulin-like growth factor and insulin signaling, modifies ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 class II mutation carriers.Impact: These findings may prove useful for risk prediction for breast and ovarian cancers in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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| 6. |
- Happonen, Kaisa, et al.
(författare)
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PRELP Protein Inhibits the Formation of the Complement Membrane Attack Complex
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 1083-351X. ; 287:11, s. 8092-8100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PRELP is a 58-kDa proteoglycan found in a variety of extracellular matrices, including cartilage and at several basement membranes. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the cartilage tissue is destroyed and fragmented molecules, including PRELP, are released into the synovial fluid where they may interact with components of the complement system. In a previous study, PRELP was found to interact with the complement inhibitor C4b-binding protein, which was suggested to locally down-regulate complement activation in joints during RA. Here we show that PRELP directly inhibits all pathways of complement by binding C9 and thereby prevents the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC). PRELP does not interfere with the interaction between C9 and already formed C5b-8, but inhibits C9 polymerization thereby preventing formation of the lytic pore. The alternative pathway is moreover inhibited already at the level of C3-convertase formation due to an interaction between PRELP and C3. This suggests that PRELP may down-regulate complement attack at basement membranes and on damaged cartilage and therefore limit pathological complement activation in inflammatory disease such as RA. The net outcome of PRELP-mediated complement inhibition will highly depend on the local concentration of other complement modulating molecules as well as on the local concentration of available complement proteins.
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| 7. |
- Helge, E. Wulff, et al.
(författare)
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BMD in elite female triathletes is related to isokinetic peak torque without any association to sex hormone concentrations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. - : Edizioni Minerva Medica. - 0022-4707 .- 1827-1928. ; 52:5, s. 489-500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. Female endurance athletes suffering from low energy availability and reproductive hormonal disorders are at risk of low BMD. Muscle forces acting on bone may have a reverse site-specific effect. Therefore we wanted to test how BMD in female elite triathletes was associated to isokinetic peak torque (IPT) and reproductive hormone concentrations (RHC). A possible effect of oral contraceptives (OCON's) is taken into consideration. Methods. Eight female elite triathletes (training 8-24 hrs/wk) and seven sedentary controls, age 21-37 years, participated. Total body and regional BIVID (g.cm(-2)) were measured by DXA. IPT were measured during knee extension, and trunk extension and flexion (Nm). Serum RHC and biochemical bone markers were evaluated. Energy balance was estimated from 7-days training-and weighed food records. Results. Despite a high training volume, BMD in triathletes was not higher than in controls. In triathletes trunk flexion IPT, but not RHC, was a strong predictor of BMD in both total body and femur (0.70
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| 8. |
- Hellsten, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Nutrient concentrations in stumps and coarse roots of Norway spruce, Scots pine and silver birch in Sweden, Finland and Denmark
- 2013
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7042 .- 0378-1127. ; 290, s. 40-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of nutrients in stumps and coarse roots in Norway spruce, Scots pine and silver birch in Sweden, Finland and Denmark, and to assess how nutrient concentrations vary with site characteristics, stand age and root size. Concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) in spruce, pine and birch stumps were assessed in eight sites across Scandinavia. Nutrient concentrations were higher in birch than in spruce and pine. In Sweden and Finland, the nutrient concentrations were generally higher at the southern sites than at the sites located in the northern part of the countries, except for P. For all nutrients, concentrations were significantly higher in the bark of the stump and roots than in the wood. Furthermore, nutrient concentrations increased significantly with decreasing root diameter. This study did not demonstrate any correlations with stand age. Further studies are needed to provide a broader picture of how the stump nutrient contents vary with site characteristics and forest management practices to provide a better foundation for nutrient balance calculations when setting up recommendations for stump removal. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Johnsson, Anna-Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Fate and behaviour of a seed-applied Pseudomonas brassicacearum strain in a winter wheat field trial, as determined by analysis with SCAR markers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biocontrol Science and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0958-3157 .- 1360-0478. ; 22, s. 379-392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fate and behaviour of the seed-applied biocontrol strain Pseudomonas brassicacearum MA250 in a field trial with winter wheat was determined using sequence-characterised amplified region (SCAR) markers. Samples of below-ground plant parts from healthy and withered (due to snow mould infection) seedlings were collected approximately one and seven months after sowing, which was performed in early autumn. DNA was extracted from roots and remaining parts of seeds with adhering soil, and the abundance of the strain was determined in quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays. The results show that the introduced strain persisted over the whole trial-period of seven months. On termination of the trial (after seven months) the below-ground plant parts of each plant housed 10(6)-10(7) cells, substantially less than the original approximately 10 9 cells inoculated onto the seed. In healthy seedlings, there was a shift in cell numbers from seeds to roots between the samplings, suggesting colonisation of the roots during this time. The results show that with sufficient attention given to analytical control measures and the possibility of resident background populations, SCAR markers in combination with qPCR provide valuable information regarding the fate and behaviour of biocontrol micro-organisms under field conditions.
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| 10. |
- Johnsson, Anna-Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Specific SCAR markers and multiplex real-time PCR for quantification of two Trichoderma biocontrol strains in environmental samples
- 2011
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Ingår i: BioControl. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1386-6141 .- 1573-8248. ; 56, s. 903-913
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several strains from the genus Trichoderma (Ascomycetes, Hypocreales) are commercially used as biocontrol agents, e.g. in formulations containing the two Trichoderma strains IMI206039 (Hypocrea parapilulifera B.S. Lu, Druzhinina & Samuels) and IMI206040 (T. atroviride P. Karst). To quantify the presence of the two isolates after application, we developed primers for SCAR markers (Sequence-Characterised Amplified Region). In order to quantify both fungal strains simultaneously, we also designed fluorophore-labelled probes distinguishing the two strains, to be used in combination with the SCAR primers. In incubations of two different soils, artificially inoculated and maintained under controlled conditions, the quantification through amplification with the SCAR markers in qPCR and through colony-forming units from plate counting correlated well. Further tests of the markers on samples taken from a golf green treated with a product containing both strains indicated that the two biocontrol strains did not establish, either on the golf green or in the surrounding area.
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