| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Bu, C. S., et al.
(författare)
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Iron based oxygen-carrier-aided oxy-fuel combustion of coal char: Reactivity and oxygen transfer mechanism
- 2023
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361. ; 333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adding an active oxygen carrier to the inert bed material may favor the oxygen distribution in fluidized bed (FB) combustors. This so-called method “Oxygen-carrier-aided combustion, OCAC” has been applied recently to air combustion in FB boilers, but could also be potentially interesting in oxy-fuel combustion. Here we analyze OCAC in oxy-fuel combustion by experimental determination of the reactivity of char from three coals (lignite, bituminous and anthracite coal) using three oxygen carriers (OC, analytical reagent Fe2O3, hematite, and steel slag). The tests were conducted in a micro thermo-gravimetric analyzer (micro-TGA) and the combustion kinetics was determined for the nine combinations of char and OC. Additional tests were conducted in a macro-TGA i.e., much sample in a big ceramic crucible, to evaluate the phase composition and crystal quality using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to the combustion residues collected at various degrees of carbon conversion (0.2, 0.5, and 0.8). The results show that the burnout temperature decreases with OCs as the combustion rate increases, while the ignition temperature hardly changes. The enhancement of the rate of char combustion by OCs is in the following order: steel slag < hematite < AR-Fe2O3. The lower the fuel rank, the stronger the effect of the oxygen carrier. The combustion kinetics of chars using OC has a higher activation energy and pre-exponential factor than pure char. The enlarged lattice constant of Fe2O3 measured by XRD during the char combustion indicates that the redox reactions of Fe2O3 accelerate the oxidization of char by enhancing the rate of oxygen transport to the carbon surface.
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| 3. |
- Cheng, Chao, et al.
(författare)
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Mosaic chromosomal alterations are associated with increased lung cancer risk : insight from the INTEGRAL-ILCCO cohort analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 1556-0864 .- 1556-1380. ; 18:8, s. 1003-1016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) detected in white blood cells represent a type of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) that is understudied compared with CH-related somatic mutations. A few recent studies indicated their potential link with nonhematological cancers, especially lung cancer. Methods: In this study, we investigated the association between mCAs and lung cancer using the high-density genotyping data from the OncoArray study of INTEGRAL-ILCCO, the largest single genetic study of lung cancer with 18,221 lung cancer cases and 14,825 cancer-free controls. Results: We identified a comprehensive list of autosomal mCAs, ChrX mCAs, and mosaic ChrY (mChrY) losses from these samples. Autosomal mCAs were detected in 4.3% of subjects, in addition to ChrX mCAs in 3.6% of females and mChrY losses in 9.6% of males. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that the presence of autosomal mCAs in white blood cells was associated with an increased lung cancer risk after adjusting for key confounding factors, including age, sex, smoking status, and race. This association was mainly driven by a specific type of mCAs: copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity on autosomal chromosomes. The association between autosome copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity and increased risk of lung cancer was further confirmed in two major histologic subtypes, lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, we observed a significant increase of ChrX mCAs and mChrY losses in smokers compared with nonsmokers and racial differences in certain types of mCA events. Conclusions: Our study established a link between mCAs in white blood cells and increased risk of lung cancer.
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| 4. |
- Guo, S., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for pseudospin-chiral quartet bands in the presence of octupole correlations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : ELSEVIER. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 807
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three nearly degenerate pairs of doublet bands are identified in Ba-131. Two of them, with positive-parity, are interpreted as pseudospin-chiral quartet bands. This is the first time that a complete set of chiral doublet bands built on the pseudospin partners pi(d(5/2), g(7/2)) is observed. The chiral bands with opposite parity built on 3-quasiparticle configurations are directly connected by many E1 transitions, without involving an intermediary non-chiral configuration. The observed band structures in Ba-131 have been investigated by using the reflection-asymmetric particle rotor model. The energies and the electromagnetic transition ratios of the three pairs of doublet bands observed in Ba-131 are reproduced and they are interpreted as chiral doublet bands with three-quasiparticle configurations. It is the first time that multiple chiral bands are observed in the presence of enhanced octupole correlations and pseudospin symmetry.
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| 5. |
- Huang, Zi-Nan, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of the stress field in the reactor vessel of the China Initiative Accelerator Driven System during postulated ULOF and UTOP transients
- 2023
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Ingår i: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The China Initiative Accelerator Driven System (CiADS) was proposed by China Academy of Science since 2015. The subcritical reactor in CiADS is a liquid Lead Bismuth Eutectic (LBE) cooled fast reactor. When the reactor core is in operation, the LBE coolant will directly contact and corrode the inner surface of reactor vessel. Due to the high temperature, the corrosion will be more severe. If the stress on the reactor vessel exceeds the limit, the plastic deformation will occur, leading to the generation and expansion of defects and cracks, and the safety of the reactor will be affected. Therefore, evaluating the stress field of the reactor vessel under different operating conditions is a very important research project. In this paper, the finite element analysis software ADINA was applied to analyze the reactor vessel in CiADS, and the ASME Code was used as stress assessment standards. We can preliminarily prove that the stress assessments of the vessel during the postulated Unprotected Loss of Flow (ULOF) accidents satisfy the requirements of ASME Code. The limit reactivity insertion to protect the vessel from plastic deformation is 0.58$ in the postulated Unprotected Transient over Power (UTOP) accidents based on our current results. Therefore, we can preliminarily conclude that the current material selection and structural design of the reactor vessel in CiADS could survive most of the postulated transient accidents considering the stress effect.
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| 6. |
- Liu, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Pickering multiphase materials using plant-based cellulosic micro/nanoparticles
- 2024
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Ingår i: Aggregate. - 2692-4560. ; 5:2
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pickering multiphase systems stabilized by solid particles have recently attracted increasing attention due to their excellent stability. Among various solid stabilizers, natural and renewable cellulosic micro/nanoparticles that are derived from agricultural and forestry sources have become promising candidates for Pickering stabilization due to their unique morphological features and tunable surface properties. In this review, recent progress on forming and stabilizing Pickering multiphase systems using cellulosic colloidal particles is summarized, including the physicochemical factors affecting their assembly at the interfaces and the preparation methods suitable for producing Pickering emulsions. In addition, relevant application prospects of corresponding Pickering multiphase materials are outlined. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives of such renewable Pickering multiphase systems are presented. This review aims to encourage the utilization of cellulosic micro/nanoparticles as key components in the development of Pickering systems, leading to enhanced performance and unique functionalities. image
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| 7. |
- Montazeri, Z, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic meta-analyses, field synopsis and global assessment of the evidence of genetic association studies in colorectal cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 1468-3288 .- 0017-5749. ; 69:8, s. 1460-1471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To provide an understanding of the role of common genetic variations in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, we report an updated field synopsis and comprehensive assessment of evidence to catalogue all genetic markers for CRC (CRCgene2).DesignWe included 869 publications after parallel literature review and extracted data for 1063 polymorphisms in 303 different genes. Meta-analyses were performed for 308 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 158 different genes with at least three independent studies available for analysis. Scottish, Canadian and Spanish data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were incorporated for the meta-analyses of 132 SNPs. To assess and classify the credibility of the associations, we applied the Venice criteria and Bayesian False-Discovery Probability (BFDP). Genetic associations classified as ‘positive’ and ‘less-credible positive’ were further validated in three large GWAS consortia conducted in populations of European origin.ResultsWe initially identified 18 independent variants at 16 loci that were classified as ‘positive’ polymorphisms for their highly credible associations with CRC risk and 59 variants at 49 loci that were classified as ‘less-credible positive’ SNPs; 72.2% of the ‘positive’ SNPs were successfully replicated in three large GWASs and the ones that were not replicated were downgraded to ‘less-credible’ positive (reducing the ‘positive’ variants to 14 at 11 loci). For the remaining 231 variants, which were previously reported, our meta-analyses found no evidence to support their associations with CRC risk.ConclusionThe CRCgene2 database provides an updated list of genetic variants related to CRC risk by using harmonised methods to assess their credibility.
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| 8. |
- Petrache, C. M., et al.
(författare)
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Multiple chiral bands in 137 Nd
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 56:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two new bands have been identified in 137Nd from a high-statistics JUROGAM II gamma-ray spectroscopy experiment. Constrained density functional theory and particle rotor model calculations are used to assign configurations and investigate the band properties, which are well described and understood. It is demonstrated that these two new bands can be interpreted as chiral partners of previously known three-quasiparticle positive- and negative-parity bands. The newly observed chiral doublet bands in 137Nd represent an important support to the existence of multiple chiral bands in nuclei. The present results constitute the missing stone in the series of Nd nuclei showing multiple chiral bands, which becomes the most extended sequence of odd–even and even-even nuclei presenting multiple chiral bands in the Segré chart.
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| 9. |
- Qu, Zhiguo, et al.
(författare)
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QB-IMD : A secure medical data processing system with privacy protection based on quantum blockchain for IoMT
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Internet of Things Journal. - Piscataway, NJ : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2327-4662. ; 11:1, s. 40-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Security and privacy are issues that cannot be ignored when collecting and processing medical data in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). Blockchain technology is a decentralized ledger system that has diverse application scenarios in the medical field. Blockchain technology relies on traditional cryptography to ensure data integrity and verifiability, but the creation of quantum computing has made it possible to break traditional encryption and signature methods. Therefore, quantum blockchain can provide a higher level of security for handling medical data. This paper innovatively designs a new medical data processing system based on quantum blockchain (QB-IMD). In QB-IMD, a quantum blockchain structure and a novel electronic medical record algorithm (QEMR) are proposed to ensure that the processed data is legitimate and tamper-proof. QEMR combines quantum signature and quantum identity authentication to avoid the potential security risks of digital signatures. In addition, through delegated computing by quantum cloud, medical diagnostic data can be computed without leaking to quantum cloud servers, thus protecting user privacy. Through mathematical proof, theoretical analysis and simulation, it is demonstrated that our scheme can resist six attacks and is feasible to protect user privacy. © IEEE
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| 10. |
- Song, Jiao-Jiao, et al.
(författare)
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Relocalization of uranium 5f electrons in the antiferromagnetic heavy-fermion superconductor UPd2Al3 : Insights from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
- 2024
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 109:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the antiferromagnetic heavy fermion superconductor UPd2Al3, employing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to unravel the complex electronic structure of its U 5? electrons. We observe unexpected characteristics that challenge the conventional temperature-dependent behavior of heavy fermion systems, revealing unexpected characteristics. At temperatures above the anticipated coherence temperature (?*), we observe itinerant U 5? electrons at temperatures higher than previously postulated. Additionally, a previously unidentified dispersionless band emerges around 600 meV below the Fermi energy, potentially linked to spin-orbit splitting within the U 5? states. Hybridization between the 5? electrons and conduction band was observed with an energy dispersion of 10 meV at low temperatures, suggesting that U 5? electrons near and at the Fermi surface have an itinerant nature. Temperature-dependent 5?−5? resonance spectra reveal that the 5? electron spectrum weight increases with lowering temperature and begins to decrease at temperatures significantly higher than the Néel temperature (??). We further show that the competition between the Kondo effect and Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interactions may be responsible for the relocalization of 5? electrons, making relocalization a precursor to the establishment of magnetic order at lower temperatures. Our experiments also provide evidence that 5? electrons with the same orbital are involved in both the Kondo effect and RKKY interactions, suggesting that the two coexist at lower temperatures.
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