| 1. |
- Adcox, K, et al.
(författare)
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PHENIX detector overview
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 469-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Fu, Q. X., et al.
(författare)
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Intermediate temperature fuel cells based on doped ceria-LiCl-SrCl2 composite electrolyte
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 104:1, s. 73-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new type of oxide-salt composite electrolyte, gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC)-LiCl-SrCl2, was developed and demonstrated its promising use for intermediate temperature (400-700 degreesC) fuel cells (ITFCs). The dc electrical conductivity of this composite electrolyte (0.09-0.13 S cm(-1) at 500-650 degreesC) was 3-10 times higher than that of the pure GDC electrolyte, indicating remarkable proton or oxygen ion conduction existing in the LiCl-SrCl2 chloride salts or at the interface between GDC and the chloride salts. Using this composite electrolyte, peak power densities of 260 and 510 mW cm(-2), with current densities of 650 and 1250 mA cm(-2) were achieved at 550 and 625 degreesC, respectively. This makes the new material a good candidate electrolyte for future low-cost ITFCs.
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| 3. |
- Fu, Q. X., et al.
(författare)
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Doped ceria-chloride composite electrolyte for intermediate temperature ceramic membrane fuel cells
- 2002
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Ingår i: Materials letters (General ed.). - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 53:3, s. 186-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A kind of oxide-salt composite electrolyte, gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC)-LiCl-SrCl2, prepared with hot-press technique, shows superior ionic conductivity, which is 2-10 times higher than that of GDC itself at the temperature range of 400-600 degreesC. More interestingly, not like the GDC electrolyte, which has some extent of electronic conduction under reducing atmosphere, the composite electrolyte is almost a pure ionic conductor, evidenced by the fuel cell's (FC) open circuit voltage (OCV) close to the theoretical one. The fuel cells based on this composite electrolyte show excellent power density output even at temperature as low as 500 degreesC (240 mW cm(-2)) in spite of the relatively thick electrolyte (0.4 mm). Such high performance, in combination with its low cost in both raw materials and fabrication process, make this kind of composite electrolyte a good candidate electrolyte material for future ultra-low-cost intermediate temperature ceramic membrane fuel cells (IT-CMFCs).
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