| 1. |
- Beetz, M. Jerome, et al.
(författare)
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Flight-induced compass representation in the monarch butterfly heading network
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-9822. ; 32:2, s. 5-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For navigation, animals use a robust internal compass. Compass navigation is crucial for long-distance migrating animals like monarch butterflies, which use the sun to navigate over 4,000 km to their overwintering sites every fall. Sun-compass neurons of the central complex have only been recorded in immobile butterflies, and experimental evidence for encoding the animal's heading in these neurons is still missing. Although the activity of central-complex neurons exhibits a locomotor-dependent modulation in many insects, the function of such modulations remains unexplored. Here, we developed tetrode recordings from tethered flying monarch butterflies to reveal how flight modulates heading representation. We found that, during flight, heading-direction neurons change their tuning, transforming the central-complex network to function as a global compass. This compass is characterized by the dominance of processing steering feedback and allows for robust heading representation even under unreliable visual scenarios, an ideal strategy for maintaining a migratory heading over enormous distances.
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| 2. |
- Gomez-Bañuelos, Eduardo, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans before Symptom Onset and the Risk of Evolving to Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - Basel : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 9:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontal disease has been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated synovial damage, and antibodies to citrullinated antigens. Here, we investigate the association between exposure to the periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) and the development of RA. IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies to Aa leukotoxin A (LtxA) were detected by ELISA in plasma from a cohort of Swedish adults at different stages of RA development, from before onset of symptoms to established disease. Patients with early and established RA had increased levels of anti-LtxA IgM compared with matched non-RA controls and periodontally healthy individuals. Logistic regression revealed that anti-LtxA IgM levels were associated with RA during early disease (OR 1.012, 95%CI 1.007, 1.017), which was maintained after adjustment for smoking, anti-CCP antibodies, rheumatoid factor, HLA-DRB1 shared epitope alleles and sex. We found no association between anti-LtxA IgG/IgA antibodies and RA at any stage of disease development. The data support a temporal association between anti-LtxA IgM antibodies and the development of RA, suggesting that a subset of RA patients may have been exposed to Aa around the time of transition from being asymptomatic to become a patient with RA.
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| 3. |
- Štambuk, Jerko, et al.
(författare)
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Global variability of the human IgG glycome
- 2020
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Ingår i: Aging. - : Impact Journals LLC. - 1945-4589. ; 12:15, s. 15222-15259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most abundant serum antibody which structural characteristics and effector functions are modulated through the attachment of various sugar moieties called glycans. Composition of the IgG N-glycome changes with age of an individual and in different diseases. Variability of IgG glycosylation within a population is well studied and is known to be affected by both genetic and environmental factors. However, global inter-population differences in IgG glycosylation have never been properly addressed. Here we present population-specific N-glycosylation patterns of IgG, analyzed in 5 different populations totaling 10,482 IgG glycomes, and of IgG's fragment crystallizable region (Fc), analyzed in 2,579 samples from 27 populations sampled across the world. Country of residence associated with many N-glycan features and the strongest association was with monogalactosylation where it explained 38% of variability. IgG monogalactosylation strongly correlated with the development level of a country, defined by United Nations health and socioeconomic development indicators, and with the expected lifespan. Subjects from developing countries had low levels of IgG galactosylation, characteristic for inflammation and ageing. Our results suggest that citizens of developing countries may be exposed to environmental factors that can cause low-grade chronic inflammation and the apparent increase in biological age.
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