| 1. |
- Mihaylova, S., et al.
(författare)
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Susceptibility of environmental strains of Rhizobium radiobacter to antimicrobial agents
- 2014
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Ingår i: World Applied Sciences Journal. - : International Digital Organization for Scientific Information. - 1818-4952. ; 31:5, s. 859-862
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro activities of antimicrobial agents against Rhizobium radiobacter strains, in order to identify the most effective antibiotics for the elimination and control of this bacterium from different biological systems. Carbenicillin, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, amikacin, polymyxin B, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were determined to be applicable for transformation of the plants with these bacteria. Carbenicillin, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones would be suggested for treatment of human infections. © IDOSI Publications, 2014.
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| 2. |
- Moore, Edward R.B. 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial systematics and taxonomy: relevance for a microbial commons.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Research in microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1769-7123 .- 0923-2508. ; 161:6, s. 430-8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The issues of microbial taxonomy and potential interactions with a microbial commons are discussed, with emphasis on three components: characterization; classification; and nomenclature. The current state of technology and the spectrum of methods that are used for phenotypic and genotypic characterization of prokaryotes, classification at different taxonomic levels and points of prokaryote nomenclature are reviewed. While all taxonomic ranks comprise a cohesive systematic framework for microorganisms, the prokaryotic genus and species provide the "working unit" of taxonomy. Since 2004, the number of validly published genera and species has increased by approximately 50%. Extensive development of technology will continue to enable ever higher resolution characterization and more refined classification of microorganisms. Characterization and classification at the species level may be most relevant for bacterial taxonomy, although reproducible differentiation at the strain level will probably prove to be more relevant for a microbial commons. A dynamic microbial taxonomy, albeit with well-founded and stable guidelines for defining microorganisms, provides an efficient organizational system for dealing with the enormous spectrum of microbial diversity.
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| 3. |
- Moore, Edward R.B. 1954, et al.
(författare)
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The family cardiobacteriaceae
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Prokaryotes: Gammaproteobacteria. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642389221 ; 9783642389221, s. 135-146
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiobacteriaceae, within the order, Cardiobacteriales, in the class, Gammaproteobacteria, was described as a novel family, based upon the 16S rRNA sequence-based relationships of Cardiobacterium hominis, Dichelobacter nodosus, and Suttonella indologenes, representing distinct lineages within a common phylogenetic cluster. The two species of Cardiobacterium, one species of Dichelobacter, and two species of Suttonella are Gram-negative, rod-shaped, fastidious, facultatively anaerobic, strictly anaerobic or microaerophilic chemoorganotrophs, manifesting pathogenicity in humans and animals. Strains of the species are isolated from human and animal samples. C. hominis, C. valvarum, and S. indologenes are typically recovered from the blood cultures of patients with endocarditis. D. nodosus is a causative agent for foot-rot disease in cloven-hoofed animals, and S. ornithocola is implicated in pulmonary necrosis in birds of the tit family. Rarely are bacteria of the Cardiobacteriaceae detected in nonclinical samples. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. All rights are reserved.
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| 4. |
- Svensson, Liselott A, et al.
(författare)
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New genotypic and phenotypic analyses of clinically-relevant Gram-negative, non-fermenting bacteria: MALDI-TOF MS as a rapid, high-resolution method for identifying and typing microorganisms
- 2010
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Ingår i: 20th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), Vienna, Austria.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives. Identification of Gram-negative, non-fermenting bacilli, using phenotypic characterization is problematic. Many of the species of this group are frequent nosocomial infectious agents and are ubiquitous in the environment. The aims of this study were to assess the resolving capacities of “house-keeping” gene sequences, including 16S rRNA, atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB and rpoD, and to compare a multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) with matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry analyses for identifying and typing strains of Achromobacter, Bordetella, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas species. Methods. Genotypic analyses. Type strains of the focus genera and species-complexes, other well-characterised reference strains and selected clinically-relevant strains representing a range of phenotypic and genotypic similarities were included in this study. Partial genes, 16S rRNA, atpD, recA, gyrB and rpoD recA were amplified by PCR and sequenced. DNA-DNA hybridisation analyses were carried out on selected strains for confirmation of species designations. MALDI-TOF analysis. Bacterial biomass were prepared from cultures on agar medium and analysed by MALDI-TOF MS, in the positive mode, using the SARAMIS software for analysis (1) Results. MLSA, using the respective house keeping genes were able to differentiate and identify the most closely related species of the analysed taxa and cluster analyses showed similarities of branching order between species that correlated well between different genes. However, different genes were not equally effective in differentiating species of the different genera. The MALDI-TOF analyses were effective in differentiating the most closely related species of the respective genera. Good correlation was observed between the results of MALDI-TOF MS and MLSA data. Conclusion. In most cases, clinically-relevant isolates and strains of Gram negative, non-fermenting bacilli exhibited good agreement between the methods of this study. In some cases, strains previously defined as given species were observed to be genotypically more similar to other species, as well as some strains with highly aberrant phenotypes were almost genotypically identical to the type strain. MALDI-TOF identification was very well correlated to the MLSA results, and is a much less expensive and effectively able to reduce identification times by 24-48 hours. (1) Vanlaere E et al. J. Microbiol. Meth. 75: 279-286 (2008).
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| 5. |
- Svensson-Stadler, Liselott, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Stenotrophomonas interspecies differentiation and identification by gyrB sequence analysis.
- 2012
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Ingår i: FEMS microbiology letters. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1574-6968 .- 0378-1097. ; 327:1, s. 15-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stenotrophomonas species are found commonly in environmental and clinical samples; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important opportunistic pathogen of humans. Traditional phenotyping protocols, as well as genotyping by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, do not reliably distinguish the species of Stenotrophomonas. Sequence analyses of two targeted PCR-amplified regions of the gyrB gene, which encodes the β-subunit of DNA gyrase, enabled resolution and identification of these species. Most type strains of the different species of Stenotrophomonas exhibited more than 7% dissimilarity in the gyrB gene sequences. Among these, strains identified as the same species exhibited sequence dissimilarities up to 4.6% and 5.9% for the two regions, respectively. Strains identified as S. maltophilia, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities > 99.0%, were grouped within a 'S. maltophilia complex'; these organisms exhibited gyrB similarities as low as 93%. Many of these strains possessed genomic DNA similarities with the type strain of S. maltophilia CCUG 5866(T) below 70%. These data, including gyrB sequence comparisons, indicate that strains identified as S. maltophilia may comprise distinct, new species.
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| 6. |
- Wang, Ellen, et al.
(författare)
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Automated functional characterization of radiolabeled antibodies : a time-resolved approach
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nuclear medicine communications. - 0143-3636 .- 1473-5628. ; 35:7, s. 767-776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The number of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) used for medical imaging and cancer therapy is increasing. The required chemical modification for attaching a radioactive label and all associated treatment may lead to a damaged mAb subpopulation. This paper describes a novel method, concentration through kinetics (CTK), for rapid assessment of the concentration of immunoreactive mAb and the specific radioactivity, based on monitoring binding kinetics. Methods The interaction of radiolabeled mAb with either the antigen or a general mAb binder such as Protein A was monitored in real time using the instrument LigandTracer. As the curvature of the binding trace has a distinct shape based on the interaction kinetics and concentration of the functional mAb, the immunoreactive mAb concentration could be calculated through reverse kinetic fitting of the binding curves, using software developed for this project. The specific activity, describing the degree of radioactive labeling, was determined through the use of calibrated signal intensities. Results The performance of the CTK assay was evaluated on the basis of various mAb-based interaction systems and assay formats, and it was shown that the assay can provide accurate and repeatable results for immunoreactive concentration and specific activity, with both accuracy and relative SD values below 15%. Conclusion By applying reverse kinetics on real-time binding traces it is possible to estimate the functional concentration and specific activity of radiolabeled mAb. The CTK assay may in the future be included as a complement to current quality assessment methods of radiolabeled mAbs.
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