| 1. |
- Birney, Ewan, et al.
(författare)
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Prepublication data sharing
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 461:7261, s. 168-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid release of prepublication data has served the field of genomics well. Attendees at a workshop in Toronto recommend extending the practice to other biological data sets.
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| 2. |
- Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 438:7069, s. 803-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we report a high-quality draft genome sequence of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris), together with a dense map of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across breeds. The dog is of particular interest because it provides important evolutionary information and because existing breeds show great phenotypic diversity for morphological, physiological and behavioural traits. We use sequence comparison with the primate and rodent lineages to shed light on the structure and evolution of genomes and genes. Notably, the majority of the most highly conserved non-coding sequences in mammalian genomes are clustered near a small subset of genes with important roles in development. Analysis of SNPs reveals long-range haplotypes across the entire dog genome, and defines the nature of genetic diversity within and across breeds. The current SNP map now makes it possible for genome-wide association studies to identify genes responsible for diseases and traits, with important consequences for human and companion animal health.
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| 3. |
- Maxwell, Karen L., et al.
(författare)
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Protein folding : Defining a "standard" set of experimental conditions and a preliminary kinetic data set of two-state proteins
- 2005
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Ingår i: Protein Science. - : Wiley. - 0961-8368 .- 1469-896X. ; 14, s. 602-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent years have seen the publication of both empirical and theoretical relationships predicting the rates with which proteins fold. Our ability to test and refine these relationships has been limited, however, by a variety of difficulties associated with the comparison of folding and unfolding rates, thermodynamics, and structure across diverse sets of proteins. These difficulties include the wide, potentially confounding range of experimental conditions and methods employed to date and the difficulty of obtaining correct and complete sequence and structural details for the characterized constructs. The lack of a single approach to data analysis and error estimation, or even of a common set of units and reporting standards, further hinders comparative studies of folding. In an effort to overcome these problems, we define here a "consensus" set of experimental conditions (25°C at pH 7.0, 50 mM buffer), data analysis methods, and data reporting standards that we hope will provide a benchmark for experimental studies. We take the first step in this initiative by describing the folding kinetics of 30 apparently two-state proteins or protein domains under the consensus conditions. The goal of our efforts is to set uniform standards for the experimental community and to initiate an accumulating, self-consistent data set that will aid ongoing efforts to understand the folding process.
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| 4. |
- Souter, Petra, 1972-
(författare)
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Causes and consequences of spatial genetic variation in two species of scleractinian coral in East Africa : Levels of genetic differentiation and intraspecific diversity of Pocillopora damicornis and Platygyra daedalea
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The work presented in this thesis is a study of the spatial genetic structure of two species of scleractinian corals, Pocillopora damicornis and Platygyra daedalea. The overall objective was to investigate the current capacity of MPAs to preserve and restore coral reefs and to contribute information to improve management decisions. Samples were taken from 11 sites along the coast of Kenya. In addition P. daedalea was sampled from one site on each of the islands of Unguja (Zanzibar archipelago) and Mafia in Tanzania.Populations of P. daedalea were largely panmictic within two lagoonal clusters. Samples obtained from two off-shore sites were more similar to the samples from the island samples in Tanzania than they were to proximal lagoonal samples. Off-shore and island samples were also significantly more genetically diverse in both the level of heterozygosity and allelic richness. Migration predominantly occurs from off-shore and island reefs toward the lagoonal reefs. The investigated populations of P. damicornis exhibited limited genetic neighbourhoods and highly localised recruitment and a significant pair-wise differentiation was found between a majority of the sampling sites. These results are probably a cause of the genetic bottleneck caused by the high mortality of this species during the 1998 coral bleaching event and reflects subsequent founder events and variable recruitment patterns, causing genetically distinct populations. P. damicornis also displayed plastic reproduction, with some sites being dominated by large numbers of identical multilocus genotypes. The clonal colonies showed signs of being genotypcially distinct as they were all found to be homozygotes for a specific allele at one of the microsatellite loci. Due to the decreased genotypic diversity, associated with the high rate of clonal reproduction, the level of genetic diversity and allelic richness tended to be lower at unmanaged reefs. Also, the probability of encountering clonally produced individuals was significantly greater on unprotected reefs compared with protected reefs.Canonical discriminant analysis of measurements of ten skeletal characters identified two distinct morphological types of P. daedalea. Analysis of molecular variance showed that morphotype explained a larger proportion of the genetic divergence than did the geographic distribution of sites sampled within MMP. However, phylogenetic analysis of rRNA sequences showed no evidence of sequence divergence, neither between morphotypes nor between samples of P. daedalea from MMP and samples of Platygyra sinensis from Hong Kong. In summary, these data demonstrate the importance of incorporating multiple species and aspects when addressing the issue of connectivity and its implications for management. P. damicornis would benefit from localised management efforts to preserve its genotypic diversity, whereas P. daedalea would benefit from larger reserves to minimise the risk of loosing rare alleles through genetic drift which would further reduce its genetic diversity on lagoonal reefs. It also brings the subject of morphological characteristics and local adaptation into focus by revealing possible genetic divergence between two morphotypes of P. daedalea and two reproductive modes in P. damicornis.
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