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- Marklinder, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes Related to Food Safety Behavior Among Students in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: IAFP:s European Symposium on food safety. Virtual meeting 27-28 April 2021.. ; , s. 65-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: It has earlir been shown through an online questionnaire performed on 606 students from 24 different Swedish universities that the foremost sources of food safety knowledge were family and friends. However, more than a third of the students had experienced food safety education which was shown to provide knowledge and promoted more optimal food safety behavior.Purpose: Self-reported food safety attitudes, knowledge and behaviour among university students in Sweden were investigated through multivariate path analysis in order to identify factors' influence on behavior.Methods: A nationwide web-based questionnaire targeting university students in Sweden was distributed through social media, email and various university contacts. A structural equation model was applied on statistics from the questionnaire. Four factors: Background, Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior were derived from the data. The factors, built up from variables with sufficient factor loadings were set up in a predetermined structure. The structure was based on whether background affects knowledge and whether knowledge affects behavior and attitude, and whether attitude affects behavior. The structure has been confirmed valid in previous studies done.Results: The factor loadings were ranging from -1 to 1 where the closer to 1 indicates a stronger loading. Background affected knowledge (0.841). Attitude has a stronger influence on the Behavior (0.457) than Knowledge (0.278). However, Knowledge has directly a strong effect on Attitude (0.606). Out of 606 respiondents, 408 answers were deemed usable for the analysis. More than half of the variables have sufficient loadings to their respective factors to be included. The goodness-of-fit indices, indicated that the model had a good fit to the data, and this including hypothesis testing with a significance of < 0.005.Significance: It can be confirmed that background such as attending a food safety education strongly influenced knowledge. Knowledge in turns strongly affects attitudes but it does not directly affect bahavior. Thus, attitudes seemed to have a mediating role between food safety knowledge and behavior.
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| 2. |
- Moazzami, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing Campylobacter jejuni, Enterobacteriaceae and total aerobic bacteria on transport crates for chickens by irradiation with 265-nm ultraviolet light (UV-C LED)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Food Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-7135 .- 1873-7129. ; 119, s. 572-578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is critical to maintain low levels of microbes in the whole food production chain. Due to high speed of slaughter, lack of time, and structural characteristics of crates, sufficient cleaning and disinfection of crates used for transporting chickens to abattoirs is a challenge. Inadequately cleaned transport crates for broiler chickens caused a major outbreak of campylobacteriosis in Sweden in 2016-2017, when the contaminated crates in-troduced Campylobacter to the chickens during thinning. This study evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of 265nm ultraviolet (UV-C) LED light on artificially contaminated chicken transport crates. In a laboratory study, a transport crate artificially contaminated with Campylobacter and cecum contents was irradiated with 265-nm UV-C light by a continuous LED array in a treatment cabinet. The transport crate was sampled 52 times by cotton swabs before and after UV-C treatment for 1 min (20.4 mJ/cm2) and 3 min (61.2 mJ/cm2). The swab samples were analysed for Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni), bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, and total aerobic bacteria. After irradiation with UV-C LED light for 1 min, a mean reduction in C. jejuni of log 2.0 +/- 0.5 CFU/mL was observed, while after irradiation for 3 min the reduction was log 3.1 +/- 1.0 CFU/mL. The mean reduction in Enterobacteriaceae was log 1.5 +/- 0.3 CFU/mL after 1 min of irradiation and log 1.8 +/- 0.8 CFU/mL after 3 min. The mean reduction in total aerobic bacteria was log 1.4 +/- 0.4 CFU/mL after 1 min of irradiation and log 1.6 +/- 0.5 CFU/mL after 3 min. Significant reductions in bacterial load were observed in all samples after UV-C treatment and extending the treatment time from 1 to 3 min significantly increased the reduction in C. jejuni. However, before implementation of UV-C LED treatment in commercial chicken abattoirs, the irradiation unit would need to be extended and/or the washing procedure before UV-C treatment, to reduce the amount of organic matter on transport crates, would need to be improved.
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| 3. |
- Moazzami, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing Campylobacter jejuni, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, and total aerobic bacteria on broiler carcasses using combined ultrasound and steam
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Food Protection. - 0362-028X. ; 84, s. 572-578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Campylobacteriosis is the most frequently reported foodborne illness in Europe and many other parts of the world. Campylobacter can colonize the intestines of broilers, mostly in large amounts. Broilers are usually slaughtered in a high-speed automated system that could cause rupture of the intestines during evisceration, resulting in contamination of carcasses with intestinal bacteria like Campylobacter. This study evaluated the combined effects of ultrasound and steam (SonoSteam) on naturally contaminated chicken carcasses at a large-scale abattoir in Sweden. Ultrasound at 30 to 40 kHz and steam at 84 to 85°C or 87 to 88°C were used at slaughter, with a line speed of 18,000 birds per hour. The amounts of Campylobacter spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, and total aerobic bacteria on neck skins from 103 chicken carcasses, sampled before and after treatment by ultrasound-steam, were analyzed. Campylobacter spp. were quantified in 58 (56%) of the neck skins, from birds belonging to four of the seven flocks represented. All 58 isolates were identified as Campylobacter jejuni. After the ultrasound-steam treatment, the mean reductions in C. jejuni, Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli and total aerobic bacteria were 0.5 ± 0.8, 0.6 ± 0.6, 0.5 ± 0.6, and 0.4 ± 0.7 log CFU/g, respectively. No significant differences in reduction between the two different treatment temperatures were observed for any of the bacteria. Although the bacterial reductions were significant, large amounts of bacteria remained on the carcasses after treatment. Further studies are needed to identify optimal measures at slaughter to reduce food spoilage bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, which should be considered in a One Health perspective.
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