| 1. |
- Yu, H.Y., et al.
(författare)
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Current enhancement with alternating gate voltage in the Coulomb blockade regime of a single wall carbon nanotube
- 2004
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Ingår i: Applied Physics A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0947-8396 .- 1432-0630. ; 79, s. 1613-1615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the current–voltage characteristics of a carbon nanotube in a single electron transistor structure with alternating gate voltage. A continuous current enhancement effect with increasing frequency of the applied gate voltage up to 13 MHz is reported. Assuming that I=nef, more than 1000 electrons are driven to flow across the source–drain channel at VDS=100 mV, 13 MHz of gate voltage (Vp-p=2 V) and T=1.8 K. The continuous current enhancement is explained by the broadening effect of the discrete energy levels of the finite-length carbon nanotube.
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| 2. |
- Horváth, I. S., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of furfural on anaerobic continuous cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2001
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - : Wiley. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 75:5, s. 540-549
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Furfural is an important inhibitor of yeast metabolism in lignocellulose-derived substrates. The effect of furfural on the physiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CBS 8066 was investigated using anaerobic continuous cultivations. Experiments were performed with furfural in the feed medium (up to 8.3 g/L) using three dierent dilution rates (0.095, 0.190, and 0.315 h-1). The measured concentration of furfural was low (<0.1 g/L) at all steady states obtained. However, it was not possible to achieve a steady state at a specific conversion rate of furfural, qf, higher than approximately 0.15 g/g·h. An increased furfural concentration in the feed caused a decrease in the steady-state glycerol yield. This agreed well with the decreased need for glycerol production as a way to regenerate NAD+, i.e., to function as a redox sink because furfural was reduced to furfuryl alcohol. Transient experiments were also performed by pulse addition of furfural directly into the fermentor. In contrast to the situation at steady-state conditions, both glycerol and furfuryl alcohol yields increased after pulse addition of furfural to the culture. Furthermore, the maximum specific conversion rate of furfural (0.6 g/g·h) in dynamic experiments was significantly higher than what was attainable in the chemostat experiments. The dynamic furfural conversion could be described by the use of a simple Michaelis-Menten-type kinetic model. Also furfural conversion under steady-state conditions could be explained by a Michaelis-Menten-type kinetic model, but with a higher anity and a lower maximum conversion rate. This indicated the presence of an additional component with a higher anity, but lower maximum capacity, either in the transport system or in the conversion system of furfural.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Sjögren, Klara, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Body fat content can be predicted in vivo in mice using a modified dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry technique.
- 2001
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Ingår i: The Journal of nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3166. ; 131:11, s. 2963-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The introduction of transgenic mice as animal models in medical research has increased the need for methods to study the phenotype of mice. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a method for in vivo prediction of fat content in living mice. We combined a modified dual-energy X-ray technique with an image analysis procedure. This combined procedure calculates the percentage of fat area, defined as the percentage of the total area of the mice consisting of >50% fat. A high correlation between the percentage of fat area and dissected adipose tissue was seen in both male and female mice (males, r = 0.92, P < 0.001; females, r = 0.88, P < 0.001). A high correlation was also seen between the percentage of fat area and serum levels of leptin (males, r = 0.95, P < 0.001; females, r = 0.86, P < 0.001). An additional experiment demonstrated a very strong correlation between the percentage of fat area and total body fat as determined by chemical extraction (r = 0.97, P < 0.001). In summary, the percentage of fat area, as measured with the dual-energy X-ray/image combined procedure, provides a good in vivo estimation of total body fat content in mice.
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| 5. |
- Vermeulen, B., et al.
(författare)
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Automatic generation of breakpoint hardware for silicon debug
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 41st Design Automation Conference. - New York, NY, USA : IEEE Computer Society. - 1581138288 ; , s. 514-517
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scan-based silicon debug is a technique that can be used to help find design errors in prototype silicon more quickly. One part of this technique involves the inclusion of break-point modules during the design stage of the chip. This paper focuses on an innovative approach to automatically generate breakpoint modules by means of a breakpoint description language. This language is illustrated using an example, and experimental results are presented that show the efficiency and effectiveness of this new method for generating breakpoint hardware.
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