| 1. |
- Bradley, P. S., et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in match performance characteristics of soccer players competing in the UEFA Champions League
- 2014
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Ingår i: Human Movement Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9457. ; 33, s. 159-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine gender differences in match performance characteristics of elite soccer players. Fifty-four male and fifty-nine female soccer players were tracked during UEFA Champions League matches using a multi-camera system (Amisco, Nice, France). Male players covered more (P<.01) distance than female players in total during a match (Effect Size [ES]: 0.5) and at higher speed thresholds (>15, >18, 18-21, 21-23, 23-25 and >27 km h(-1); ES: 0.7-1.4). Decrements in the second versus first half (P<.01) were only evident in female players for the distance covered in total and at selected speed thresholds (12-15, >12 and >15 km h(-1); ES: 0.6). Male central midfielders covered more (P<.01) total distance during a match than female central midfielders and at selected speed thresholds (15-23 km h(-1); ES: 1.3-2.2). Male full-backs and wide midfielders covered a greater distance (P<.01) than female players in the same positions at higher speed thresholds (>15, 21-23, 23-25, 25-27 and >27 km h(-1); ES: 1.5-3.1). The distance covered during the most intense 5 min period of the match (>15 km h(-1)) was higher (P<.01) in male compared to female players (ES: 1.0) but no distance deficit in the next versus the average 5 min period was observed for either gender (ES: 0.1-0.2). No gender differences were found for technical events such as the number of ball touches, time in possession of the ball or total duels won during both halves and the entire match (ES: 0.1-0.3). However, female players lost the ball more often (P<.05) and displayed lower pass completion rates than male players during both halves and the entire match (ES: 0.5-0.9). The data demonstrate that large gender differences exist for match performance characteristics of players competing at the highest competitive standard of European soccer. Such detailed analyses could be useful for gender-specific training information for optimal preparation. However, more research is warranted to establish gender-specific speed thresholds for elite soccer players. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Connolly, L. J., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of small-volume soccer and vibration training on body composition, aerobic fitness, and muscular PCr kinetics for inactive women aged 20-45
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Sport and Health Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2095-2546. ; 3:4, s. 284-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The present study investigated the effects of 16 weeks of small-volume, small-sided soccer training soccer group (SG, n = 13) and oscillating whole-body vibration training vibration group (VG, n = 17) on body composition, aerobic fitness, and muscle PCr kinetics in healthy inactive premenopausal women in comparison with an inactive control group (CO, n = 14). Methods: Training for SG and VG consisted of twice-weekly 15-min sessions with average heart rates (HRs) of similar to 155 and 90 bpm respectively. Pre- and post-measurements of body composition (DXA), phosphocreatine (PCr) on-and off-kinetics, and HR measurements during standardised submaximal exercise were performed. Results: After 16 weeks of training in SG, fat percentage was lowered (p = 0.03) by 1.7% +/- 2.4% from 37.5% +/- 6.9% to 35.8% +/- 6.2% and the PCr decrease in the quadriceps during knee-extension ramp exercise was attenuated (4% +/- 8%, p = 0.04), with no changes in VG or CO (time-group effect: p = 0.03 and p = 0.03). Submaximal exercise HR was also reduced in SG after 16 weeks of training (6% +/- 5% of HRmax, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Short duration soccer training for 16 weeks appears to be sufficient to induce favourable changes in body composition and indicators of aerobic fitness and muscle oxidative capacity in untrained premenopausal women. Copyright (C) 2014, Shanghai University of Sport. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Mohr, Magni, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Football training improves cardiovascular health profile in sedentary, premenopausal hypertensive women
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 24:Suppl. 1, s. 36-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study examined the effects of short-term recreational football training on blood pressure (BP), fat mass, and fitness in sedentary, 35-50-year-old premenopausal women with mild hypertension. Forty-one untrained, hypertensive women were randomized into a football training group (n=21; FTG) and a control group (n=20; CON). FTG performed 45 +/- 1 1-h small-sided football training sessions during the 15-week intervention period. BP, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), blood lipid profile, and fitness level were determined pre- and post-intervention. After 15 weeks, systolic and diastolic BP, respectively, were lowered more (P<0.05) in FTG (-12 +/- 3 and -6 +/- 2mmHg) than in CON (-1 +/- 1 and 1 +/- 2mmHg). Total body fat mass decreased more (P<0.05) in FTG than in CON during the 15-week intervention period (-2.3 +/- 0.5kg vs 0.4 +/- 0.3kg). After 15 weeks, both total cholesterol (-0.4 +/- 0.1mmol/L vs 0.1 +/- 0.2mmol/L) and triglyceride (-0.2 +/- 0.1mmol/L vs 0.3 +/- 0.2mmol/L) were lowered more (P<0.05) in FTG than in CON. Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 1 test performance increased more (P<0.05) in FTG than in CON (111 +/- 18% vs 1 +/- 3%) during the 15-week intervention period. In conclusion, short-term football training resulted in a marked reduction in BP and induced multiple improvements in fitness and cardiovascular health profile of untrained, premenopausal women with mild hypertension.
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| 4. |
- Mohr, Magni, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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High-Intensity intermittent swimming improves cardiovascular health status for women with mild hypertension
- 2014
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Ingår i: BioMed Research International. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2314-6133 .- 2314-6141. ; 2014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To test the hypothesis that high-intensity swim training improves cardiovascular health status in sedentary premenopausal women with mild hypertension, sixty-two women were randomized into high-intensity (n = 21; HIT), moderate-intensity (n = 21; MOD), and control groups (n = 20; CON). HIT performed 6-10 × 30 s all-out swimming interspersed by 2 min recovery and MOD swam continuously for 1 h at moderate intensity for a 15-week period completing in total 44 ± 1 and 43 ± 1 sessions, respectively. In CON, all measured variables were similar before and after the intervention period. Systolic BP decreased (P < 0.05) by 6 ± 1 and 4 ± 1 mmHg in HIT and MOD; respectively. Resting heart rate declined (P < 0.05) by 5 ± 1 bpm both in HIT and MOD, fat mass decreased (P < 0.05) by 1.1 ± 0.2 and 2.2 ± 0.3 kg, respectively, while the blood lipid profile was unaltered. In HIT and MOD, performance improved (P < 0.05) for a maximal 10 min swim (13 ± 3 % and 22 ± 3 %), interval swimming (23 ± 3 % and 8 ± 3 %), and Yo-Yo IE1 running performance (58 ± 5 % and 45 ± 4 %). In conclusion, high-intensity intermittent swimming is an effective training strategy to improve cardiovascular health and physical performance in sedentary women with mild hypertension. Adaptations are similar with high- and moderate-intensity training, despite markedly less total time spent and distance covered in the high-intensity group. © 2014 Magni Mohr et al.
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| 5. |
- Mohr, Magni, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test performances within an entire football league during a full season
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Sciences. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0264-0414 .- 1466-447X. ; 32:4, s. 315-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study examined Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 2 (YYIR2) and submaximal YYIR1 test performances in 172 male semi-professional football players (age; 25.8 +/- 4.1 years) representing all teams in a top league at pre-season, start-season, mid-season and end-season. YYIR2 performance was 847 +/- 227m (+/- SD) at pre-season and rose (P<0.05) by 128 +/- 113m to 975 +/- 205m at start of season and further (P<0.05) by 59 +/- 102m to 1034 +/- 211m at mid-season. Submaximal YYIR1 HR was 90.9 +/- 4.2% HRmax at pre-season, which was higher (P<0.05) than at start, mid and end of season (87.0 +/- 3.9, 85.9 +/- 4.1 and 87.0 +/- 3.7% HRmax, respectively). Peak YYIR2 performance and minimum YYIR1 HR were 1068 +/- 193m and 85.1 +/- 3.8% HRmax, respectively, with similar to 50% of the players peaking at mid-season. Top-teams and middle-teams had higher (P<0.05) peak YYIR2 scores (1094 +/- 205 and 1121 +/- 152m, respectively) than bottom-teams (992 +/- 185m). YYIR2 performance was 16% higher (P<0.05) and YYIR1 HR was 1.4% HRmax lower (P<0.05) for regular players than non-regular players at pre-season and remained lower (P<0.05) throughout the season. Central defenders had poorer (P < 0.05) YYIR performances compared to other positional roles. In conclusion, YYIR performances are highly variable within a football league over a season and are influenced by league ranking, regularity of competitive play and playing position.
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| 6. |
- Pettersen, S. A., et al.
(författare)
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Caffeine supplementation does not affect match activities and fatigue resistance during match play in young football players
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Sciences. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0264-0414 .- 1466-447X. ; 32:20, s. 1958-1965
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study examined the effect of caffeine supplementation on match activities and development of fatigue during a football match. In a randomised, double-blind cross-over design, two experimental football games separated by 7days were organised between the junior teams of two professional football clubs (17.6 +/- 1.1years (+/- s), 71.7 +/- 6.9kg, 13.9%+/- 5.0% body fat). The players ingested either a capsule of 6mg center dot kg(-1)b.w. caffeine or placebo (dextrose) 65min prior to the matches. Match activities were assessed using the ZXY match analysis system, and a Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test-level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) was conducted immediately post-game. Heart rate was monitored throughout the game, and blood samples were obtained at baseline, half-time and after the game. There were no differences between caffeine and placebo regarding total distance covered (10,062 +/- 916 vs 9854 +/- 901m), high-intensity running (557 +/- 178 vs 642 +/- 240m), sprinting distance (109 +/- 58 vs 112 +/- 69m) or acceleration counts (123 +/- 31 vs 126 +/- 24). In both trials, players displayed lower (P<0.05) values in total distance and acceleration counts in the last 15min compared to all other 15-min periods of the matches. Post-game Yo-Yo IR2 performance was not different between game trials (caffeine: 829 +/- 322m; placebo 819 +/- 289m). In conclusion, oral caffeine administration does not appear to have an ergogenic effect in young football players during match play.
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